Does public health system provide adequate financial risk protection to its clients? Out of pocket expenditure on inpatient care at secondary level public health institutions: Causes and determinants in an eastern Indian state

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. e500-e511
Author(s):  
Sarit Kumar Rout ◽  
Sarmistha Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Inpatient Care ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Financial Risk Protection ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Risk Protection

scholarly journals Assessing the Design and Capability of Our Public Health System in a Covid and Post-Covid New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Crampton ◽  
Don Matheson ◽  
Maria Cotter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
National History ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Universal Standard

New Zealand’s public health response to Covid-19, while effective thus far, has raised questions about our country’s public health capability and capacity, our ability to respond to public health challenges, and our ability to protect Mäori communities from bearing the brunt of inequitable outcomes. The aims of this article are to identify and discuss some of the challenges that face New Zealand’s state-mandated public health institutions, and to explore critera for assessing the capability of these institutions. There is no universal standard approach to the design of public health institutions, systems and structures; a variety of different configurations would work in any context and their effectiveness is strongly influenced by national history, and the prevailing policy and political culture. In order to assess the ability of our public health institutions to effectively respond to a diverse array of challenges, we propose a capability framework consisting of ten key elements.

scholarly journals Financial Risk Protection for Neurosurgical Care in Indonesia and the Philippines: A Primer on Health Financing for the Global Neurosurgeon

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Paul Ferraris ◽  
Maria Eufemia C. Yap ◽  
Maria Cristina G. Bautista ◽  
Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana ◽  
Sri Maliawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Financial Risk Protection ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Provider Perspectives ◽  
Risk Protection

Which conditions treated by neurosurgeons cause the worst economic hardship in low middle-income in countries? How can public health financing be responsive to the inequities in the delivery of neurosurgical care? This review article frames the objectives of equity, quality, and efficiency in health financing to the goals of global neurosurgery. In order to glean provider perspectives on the affordability of neurosurgical care in low-resource settings, we did a survey of neurosurgeons from Indonesia and the Philippines and identified that the care of socioeconomically disadvantaged patients with malignant intracranial tumors were found to incur the highest out-of-pocket expenses. Additionally, the surveyed neurosurgeons also observed that treatment of traumatic brain injury may have to require greater financial subsidies. It is therefore imperative to frame health financing alongside the goals of equity, efficiency, and quality of neurosurgical care for the impoverished. Using principles and perspectives from managerial economics and public health, we conceptualize an implementation framework that addresses both the supply and demand sides of healthcare provision as applied to neurosurgery. For the supply side, strategic purchasing enables a systematic and contractual management of payment arrangements that provide performance-based economic incentives for providers. For the demand side, conditional cash transfers similarly leverages on financial incentives on the part of patients to reward certain health-seeking behaviors that significantly influence clinical outcomes. These health financing strategies are formulated in order to ultimately build neurosurgical capacity in LMICs, improve access to care for patients, and ensure financial risk protection.

scholarly journals Current situation and distribution equality of public health resource in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Honghui Yao ◽  
Chaohong Zhan ◽  
Xinping Sha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
The Western Region

Abstract Background The public health system has been developed in China for several years while no research explores its distribution. This research aims to describe the variation and equality of public health allocation from 2013 to 2018 and explore the source of inequality. Methods Data in this research was obtained from the China Health Statistics Yearbook 2014 to 2019 and the China Statistical Yearbook 2019. Four indicators were chosen in describing the development and current situation of the public health system. Three of them were used to evaluate allocation equality. 31 provinces were categorized into western, middle, and eastern groups based on geographical and economic conditions. Total allocation equality, inter- and intra-difference were all measured by the Theil index. Results All indicators showed a stably upwards trend except for the number of public health institutions. The allocation gap of the public health institution per km2 was larger than that per 10,000 capita. Theil index of three indicators continually rose from 2013 to 2018 and the inequality of public health institutions allocation was the highest one. The western region had the highest Theil index in technical personnel and beds allocation. Among the three regions, the western region contributed most to inequality. Conclusions The public health workforces and institutions are still under the requirement of the National Medical and Health Service System Plan. From 2013 to 2018, the equality of public health resources stably decreases, which is mainly contributed by the internal difference within the western region. Further research should be done to explore the possible cause of the results. Problems founded in this research should be solved by multisectoral cooperation.

Public Insurance and Financial Risk Protection: Lessons from Thailand

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phusit Prakongsai ◽  
Vuthiphan Vongmomgkol ◽  
Warisa Panich-Kriangkrai ◽  
Walaiporn Patcharanarumol ◽  
Viroj Tangcharoensathien
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Financial Risk Protection ◽  
Public Insurance ◽  
Risk Protection

scholarly journals From hostile worlds to multiple spheres: towards a normative pragmatics of justice for the Googlization of health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Sharon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Alternative Framework ◽  
Orders Of Worth ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Normative Pragmatics ◽  
The Many ◽  
Critical Perspectives

AbstractThe datafication and digitalization of health and medicine has engendered a proliferation of new collaborations between public health institutions and data corporations like Google, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon. Critical perspectives on these new partnerships tend to frame them as an instance of market transgressions by tech giants into the sphere of health and medicine, in line with a “hostile worlds” doctrine that upholds that the borders between market and non-market spheres should be carefully policed. This article seeks to outline the limitations of this common framing for critically understanding the phenomenon of the Googlization of health. In particular, the mobilization of a diversity of non-market value statements in the justification work carried out by actors involved in the Googlization of health indicates the co-presence of additional worlds or spheres in this context, which are not captured by the market vs. non-market dichotomy. It then advances an alternative framework, based on a multiple-sphere ontology that draws on Boltanski and Thevenot’s orders of worth and Michael Walzer’s theory of justice, which I call a normative pragmatics of justice. This framework addresses both the normative deficit in Boltanski and Thevenot’s work and provides an important emphasis on the empirical workings of justice. Finally, I discuss why this framework is better equipped to identify and to address the many risks raised by the Googlization of health and possibly other dimensions of the digitalization and datafication of society.

Making Thailand’s UHC ‘SAFE’ (sustainable, affordable, fair and efficient)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
Somsak Chunharas
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
National Development ◽  
Financial Risk Protection ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Strategic Purchasing ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Public Sector Health ◽  
Risk Protection

Thai UHC has been established through national efforts to learn from international as well as national development of how to build a system-wide financial risk protection for the Thai population while also ensuring effective coverage of health services. One of the key strategic approach is establishing a strategic purchasing organization called national health security office (NHSO) since 2002. Many lesson have been learnt and shared here hoping that they are generic enough to guide actions and policy decisions either for countries starting UHC or those who have had some models going on. For example, a professionally run strategic purchasing body with certain degree of autonomy is key but the needs to harmonize multiple schemes are also challenging, technically as well as politically. The effective use of and support for existing public sector health services systems is another key lesson. The challenge of making the systems sustainable, affordable fair and efficient have been with us since the very beginning and we shares some of the approaches to address this issue to ensure that UHC will be properly supported politically, professionally managed while maintaining a well balanced demand side with the view to ensure that UHC is creating better health and not merely more access to services.

scholarly journals Occupational exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions at Addis Ababa city Ethiopia, 2020. Institution-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251815
Author(s):  
Solomon Shitu ◽  
Getachew Adugna ◽  
Haimanot Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions

Background Blood/body fluid splash are hazards to health care professionals in their working area. Around twenty bloodborne pathogens are known to be transmitted through these occupational injuries. This problem alters the health status of health care professionals in different ways, including physically, mentally, and psychologically. Even though health professionals especially midwives who are working in delivery rooms are highly affected, little is known about the exposure. So, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions of Addis Ababa city. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 438 study participants in public health institutions in Addis Ababa. Data was collected from March 1–20, 2020 by a self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. All variables with P<0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in a final model and statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05. Results In this study, a total of 424 respondents respond yielding a response rate of 97%. The prevalence of blood and body fluid splashes (BBFs) was 198 (46.7%). Not training on infection prevention, working in two shifts (> 12 hours), not regularly apply universal precautions, job-related stress, an average monthly salary of 5001–8000 were independent predictors of blood and body fluid splashes. Conclusion The study revealed that nearly half of midwives were exposed to BBFS. This highlights the need for key stakeholders such as policymakers and service providers to design appropriate policies to avert this magnitude and making the environment enabling to comply with standard precautions. We recommend that this study may be done by including rural setting institutions and by including other health professionals that are susceptible to BBFS at work. Formal training on infection prevention and safety practice to apply universal precautions will be needed from the concerned bodies to prevent exposures to blood/body fluid splash.

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