Electrochemical Chlorination of Physcion - An Approach to Naturally Occurring Chlorinated Secondary Metabolites of Lichens

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1406-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Stevanović ◽  
Ivan Damljanović ◽  
Mirjana Vukićević ◽  
Nedeljko Manojlović ◽  
Niko S. Radulović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Electrochemical Chlorination

Screening for naturally occurring oxyprenylated secondary metabolites as cancer cell growth inhibitory agents

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Epifano ◽  
S Genovese ◽  
P Lullo ◽  
S Fiorito ◽  
G Trivisonno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Inhibitory Agents

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds from Brassicaceae: a Beneficial Contribution in our Everyday Diet

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato IORI ◽  
Gina R. DE NICOLA ◽  
Manuela BAGATTA ◽  
Eleonora PAGNOTTA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Variable Part ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Interesting Class

Dietary intake of Brassicaceae (Crucifers) provides not only nutrients, but also a highly interesting class of secondary metabolites beneficial to health, known as glucosinolates (GLs). These compounds possess a -D-glucopyranosyl unit connected to a O-sulfated anomeric Z-thiohydroximate function, and a side chain R which is the only variable part of the chemical structure. Up to now, more than 120 naturally-occurring GLs have been carachterized

scholarly journals γ-Butyrolactones from Aspergillus Species: Structures, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Gamal A. Mohamed ◽  
Amgad I.M. Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Recently, numerous metabolites possessing uncommon structures and potent bioactivity have been isolated from strains of fungi collected from diverse environments. The genus Aspergillus is known as a rich source of γ-butyrolactones. These are a group of fungal secondary metabolites, consisting of a five-membered lactone bearing two aromatic rings, which shows a great variety of biological activities. This review summarizes the research on the biosynthesis, source, and biological activities of the naturally occurring γ-butyrolactones that have been isolated from Aspergillus species published over the last decades. More than 75 compounds are described and 65 references are cited.

Acremonium endophytes in perennial ryegrass and other pasture grasses in Australia and New Zealand

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. van Heeswijck ◽  
G. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fescue Toxicosis ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Resistance To Insects ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
The Impact

Many grasses contain asymptomatic fungal endophytes which are now recognised as having a major impact on the performance of pastures in Australia and New Zealand, and elsewhere in the world. The association between the plant and the fungus is regarded as mutualistic, with the host grass able to benefit from endophyte presence through reduced herbivore feeding, increased resistance to insects, improved plant growth and possibly disease resistance. Grazing systems may be disadvantaged, however, as the ingestion of endophyte-infected grasses can be associated with a number of animal toxicoses including ryegrass staggers and fescue toxicosis. There is increasing evidence that the effects of endophyte on the host grass, and consequently on pasture performance and animal production, are mediated by a range of secondary metabolites produced by the plant-fungus interaction. Recent work has shown that a great deal of variation can be found amongst endophyte strains both in the types and amounts of these secondary metabolites produced. This review presents the current status of knowledge on the impact of endophyte on pasture grasses in Australia and New Zealand and attempts to place it in the framework of endophyte research in general. It discusses the potential for harnessing the benefits of endophyte infection, whilst minimizing deleterious effects, through the use of elite endophyte strains which have been isolated from naturally occurring grasses, or modified by the techniques of genetic engineering. It concludes by identifying a number of significant areas which require further research for us to fully understand the plant-fungus interaction and its effects on pasture systems.

scholarly journals Repellence and attraction of Apis mellifera foragers by nectar alkaloids

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Z. Hroncová ◽  
J. Havlík ◽  
L. Stanková ◽  
S. Hájková ◽  
D. Titěra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Addictive Behaviour ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Honey Bee Foragers ◽  
Artificial Flowers

Abstract Plant secondary metabolites present naturally in nectar, such as alkaloids, may change the behavioural responses of floral visitors and affect pollination. Some studies have shown that nectar containing low concentrations of these secondary metabolites is preferred by honey bee foragers over pure nectar. However, it remains unclear whether this is caused by dependence or addictive behaviour, a simple taste preference, or by other conditions such as self-medication. In our choice experiment, free-flying bees were presented with artificial flowers holding 20% sucrose containing 0.5−50 μg ml−1 of one of the naturally occurring nectar alkaloids - caffeine, nicotine, senecionine, and gelsemine. Nectar uptake was determined by weighing each flower and comparing the weight to that of the control flower. Our experimental design minimized memorizing and marking; despite this, caffeine was significantly preferred at concentrations 0.5−2 μg ml−1 over control nectar; this preference was not observed for other alkaloids. All of the compounds tested were repellent at concentrations above 5 μg ml−1. We confirmed previous reports that bees exhibit a preference for caffeine, and hypothesize that this is not due only to addictive behaviour but is at least partially mediated by taste preference. We observed no significant preference for nicotine or any other alkaloid.

scholarly journals Flavonoid: A Mini Review on Galangin

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
A. Prasad ◽  
S. Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Alpinia Officinarum ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Different Parts

Studies on flavonoids from plant sources has gained a momentum due to their versatile health benefits. The main sources of flavonoids in humans are fruits, vegetables, red wine and tea. They are small molecular weight secondary metabolites produced in different parts of the plant such as seeds, bark, root, fruits and flowers. Galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) a naturally occurring flavonoid is present in roots of Alpinia officinarum, honey and propolis. Its extraction and detection has been reported using various methods such as chromatography, spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods associated with other sophisticated techniques. Galangin showed various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, radical scavenging, anticancer activity and hypolipidimic activity. The present review discusses the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics and bioanalytical aspects of galangin, which can be beneficial for researchers working in the field of galangin

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-proliferative Effect of Naturally Occurring Oxyprenylated Chalcones

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Fiorito ◽  
Francesco Epifano ◽  
Celine Bruyère ◽  
Robert Kiss ◽  
Salvatore Genovese
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Mtt Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Naturally Occurring

As a continuation of our ongoing studies aimed to depict the effects and mechanism of action of naturally occurring oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids and polyketides, in this paper we describe the synthesis and in vitro anti-proliferative effects of selected compounds belonging to the above cited classes of secondary metabolites on six cancer cell lines using the MTT colorimetric assay. Our study revealed that among the natural products tested, only oxyprenylated chalcones exhibited an appreciable effect (mean IC50 = 32 - 64 μM), while substituted alcohols, phenylpropenes, naphthoquinones, and aminoacid derivatives were by far less active or inactive.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS OF CHALCONES

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. DÍAZ-TIELAS ◽  
E. GRAÑA ◽  
M.J. REIGOSA ◽  
A.M. SÁNCHEZ-MOREIRAS
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives

ABSTRACT This review provides information on the biological activities of chalcones (whether natural or synthetic derivatives) on different organisms, as well as an overview of the functions and possible new applications of these plant secondary metabolites on crop protection, as eco-friendly pesticides and weed control agents. Naturally occurring chalcones have been used in traditional medicine for many years; however, recent scientific advances have shown that these molecules have a broad range of biological activities in a variety of organisms. A review on the major sources of chalcones and the main molecular events involved in the modes of action of these natural products is achieved. Chalcones are molecules with a broad spectrum of biological activities, which are of great interest in agriculture to control weeds and unwanted pests.

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