Ventral hippocampal involvement in temporal order, but not recognition, memory for spatial information

Hippocampus ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Howland ◽  
Rebecca A. Harrison ◽  
Darren K. Hannesson ◽  
Anthony G. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Spatial Information

Visual Simultaneity Judgments Activate a Bilateral Frontoparietal Timing System

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Hanayik ◽  
Grigori Yourganov ◽  
Roger Newman-Norlund ◽  
Makayla Gibson ◽  
Chris Rorden
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Temporal Perception ◽  
Sequence Of Events

In everyday life, we often make judgments regarding the sequence of events, for example, deciding whether a baseball runner's foot hit the plate before or after the ball hit the glove. Numerous studies have examined the functional correlates of temporal processing using variations of the temporal order judgment and simultaneity judgment (SJ) tasks. To perform temporal order judgment tasks, observers must bind temporal information with identity and/or spatial information relevant to the task itself. SJs, on the other hand, require observers to detect stimulus asynchrony but not the order of stimulus presentation and represent a purer measure of temporal processing. Some previous studies suggest that these temporal decisions rely primarily on right-hemisphere parietal structures, whereas others provide evidence that temporal perception depends on bilateral TPJ or inferior frontal regions (inferior frontal gyrus). Here, we report brain activity elicited by a visual SJ task. Our methods are unique given our use of two orthogonal control conditions, discrimination of spatial orientation and color, which were used to control for brain activation associated with the classic dorsal (“where/how”) and ventral (“what”) visual pathways. Our neuroimaging experiment shows that performing the SJ task selectively activated a bilateral network in the parietal (TPJ) and frontal (inferior frontal gyrus) cortices. We argue that SJ tasks are a purer measure of temporal perception because they do not require observers to process either identity or spatial information, both of which may activate separate cognitive networks.

scholarly journals Reactivation of time cell sequences in the hippocampus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hindiael A. Belchior ◽  
Rodrigo Pavão ◽  
Alan M.B. Furtunato ◽  
Howard Eichenbaum ◽  
Adriano B.L. Tort
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Abundant Evidence ◽  
Episodic Memories ◽  
Temporal Sequences

AbstractThe temporal order of an experience is a fundamental property of episodic memories, yet the mechanism for the consolidation of temporal sequences in long-term memory is still unknown. A potential mechanism for memory consolidation depends on the reactivation of neuronal sequences in the hippocampus. Despite abundant evidence of sequence reactivation in the formation of spatial memory, the reactivation of hippocampal neuronal sequences carrying non-spatial information has been much less explored. In this work, we recorded the activity of time cell sequences while rats performed multiple 15-s treadmill runnings during the intertrial intervals of a spatial alternation memory task. We observed forward and reverse reactivations of time cell sequences often occurring during sharp-wave ripple events following reward consumption. Surprisingly, the reactivation events specifically engaged cells coding temporal information. The reactivation of time cell sequences may thus reflect the organization of temporal order required for episodic memory formation.

EXPRESS: Remembering spatial words: Sensorimotor simulation affects verbal recognition memory

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110590
Author(s):  
Alper Kumcu ◽  
Robin L. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Probe Word ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Visual Cue ◽  
Verbal Recognition ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
Spatial Interference

Previous evidence shows that words with implicit spatial meaning or metaphorical spatial associations are perceptually simulated and can guide attention to associated locations (e.g., bird – upward location). In turn, simulated representations interfere with visual perception at an associated location. The present study investigates the effect of spatial associations on short-term verbal recognition memory to disambiguate between modal and amodal accounts of spatial interference effects across two experiments. Participants in both experiments encoded words presented in congruent and incongruent locations. Congruent and incongruent locations were based on an independent norming task. In Experiment 1, an auditorily presented word probed participants’ memory as they were visually cued to either the original location of the probe word or a diagonal location at retrieval. In Experiment 2, there was no cue at retrieval but a neutral encoding condition in which words normed to central locations were shown. Results show that spatial associations affected memory performance although spatial information was neither relevant nor necessary for successful retrieval: Words in Experiment 1 were retrieved more accurately when there was a visual cue in the congruent location at retrieval but only if they were encoded in a non-canonical position. A visual cue in the congruent location slowed down memory performance when retrieving highly imageable words. With no cue at retrieval (Experiment 2), participants were better at remembering spatially congruent words as opposed to neutral words. Results provide evidence in support of sensorimotor simulation in verbal memory and a perceptual competition account of spatial interference effect.

The Effect of Visuo-Spatial Organisation in Recognition-Memory Tasks

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p6095 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-774
Author(s):  
Laura Petrini ◽  
Kristian Hennings ◽  
Lars Arendt-Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Spatial Task ◽  
Verbal Task ◽  
Verbal Information ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Stimulus Probe ◽  
Left And Right

We investigated whether recognition memory benefits when stimuli are organised in a visuo-spatial array. Three different memory tasks were compared: (a) verbal task (what); (b) spatial task (where); (c) combination task, where both verbal and spatial informations were combined together (what/where). We hypothesised that when visual stimuli are organised in a spatial array the recognition is better. Recognition memory was assessed by quantifying the speed of correct responses and the total number of correct responses in a group of male volunteers ( N = 20). Subjects' task was to recognise a stimulus probe from sequences (one versus three) of stimuli. All stimuli appeared randomly in one of nine locations on a 3 × 3 grid. The results show that subjects were faster and more accurate when they had to recognise only spatial information (where) than when they had to recognise verbal information (what) or the combination of both verbal and spatial information (what/where). Additionally, when the stimuli were presented in a spatial array there were benefits for the spatial task, whilst verbal and combination tasks were unaffected. Additionally, asymmetry between left and right hemifields has been found. These findings are discussed with regard to different memory processes that operate independently.

scholarly journals What Underlies a Greater Reversal in Tactile Temporal Order Judgment when the Hands Are Crossed? A Structural MRI Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Moharramipour ◽  
Shigeru Kitazawa
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Temporal Order Judgment ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Tactile Temporal Order Judgment

Abstract Our subjective temporal order of two successive tactile stimuli delivered one to each hand is often inverted when our hands are crossed. However, there is great variability among different individuals. We addressed the question of why some show almost complete reversal, but others show little reversal. To this end, we obtained structural MRI data from 42 participants who also participated in the tactile temporal order judgment (TOJ) task. We extracted the cortical thickness and the convoluted surface area as cortical characteristics in 68 regions. We found that the participants with a thinner, larger, and more convoluted cerebral cortex in ten regions, including the right pars-orbitalis, right and left postcentral gyri, left precuneus, left superior parietal lobule, right middle temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, right cuneus, left supramarginal gyrus, and right rostral middle frontal gyrus showed a smaller degree of judgment reversal. In light of major theoretical accounts, we suggest that cortical elaboration in the aforementioned regions improve the crossed-hand TOJ performance through better integration of the tactile stimuli with the correct spatial representations in the left parietal regions, better representation of spatial information in the postcentral gyrus, or improvement of top-down inhibitory control by the right pars-orbitalis.

Dissociations between memory for temporal order and recognition memory in aging

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Fabiani ◽  
David Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Temporal Order

scholarly journals Remembering the order of serially presented objects: A matter of time?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 239821281988308 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R.I. Barker ◽  
O. Evuarherhe ◽  
E.C. Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Temporal Decay ◽  
Object Familiarity ◽  
Sample Interval ◽  
Temporal Order Memory ◽  
Sequence Memory ◽  
Memory For Order

Remembering the sequence, in which stimuli are encountered or events have occurred, is a key process in episodic memory and can also facilitate recognition memory. Rodents, when presented with a sequence of objects, will explore the object encountered first; yet, whether this behaviour is because the rodents spontaneously encode the order of stimuli presentation or because of relative familiarity or temporal decay is unknown. Here, we tested sequence memory in rats using a series of spontaneous preference tasks. Experiment 1 demonstrated that when rats are presented with a sequence of four objects, with an inter-sample interval of 5 min or 1 h, they preferentially explored the object presented earlier in the list irrespective of the inter-sample interval. We then demonstrated that such memory for order was not affected by increasing or decreasing the inter-sample interval between the middle objects (Experiment 2). Finally, we showed that memory for order is not a function of absolute object familiarity, as animals showed clear discrimination between the objects presented in the sample phases and a novel object, independent of the sample objects’ position in the sequence (Experiment 3). These results show that animals are able to encode the order of objects presented in a sequence, and as such temporal order memory is not achieved using the process of relative or absolute familiarity or temporal decay.

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