Hippocampal neurogenesis: Opposing effects of stress and antidepressant treatment

Hippocampus ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Warner-Schmidt ◽  
Ronald S. Duman
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
Opposing Effects

Region-dependent and stage-specific effects of stress, environmental enrichment, and antidepressant treatment on hippocampal neurogenesis

Hippocampus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 797-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Tanti ◽  
Willy-Paul Westphal ◽  
Virginie Girault ◽  
Bruno Brizard ◽  
Severine Devers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Effects Of Stress

scholarly journals Social Instability is an Effective Chronic Stress Paradigm for both Male and Female Mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine N. Yohn ◽  
Sandra A. Ashamalla ◽  
Leshya Bokka ◽  
Mark M. Gergues ◽  
Alexander Garino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Social Instability ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Males And Females

ABSTRACTDespite stress-associated disorders having a higher incidence rate in females, preclinical research mainly focuses on males. Chronic stress paradigms, such as chronic social defeat and chronic corticosterone administration, were mainly designed and validated in males and subsequent attempts to use these paradigms in females has demonstrated sex differences in the behavioral and HPA axis response to stress. Here, we developed a social stress paradigm, social instability stress (SIS), which exposes adult mice to unstable social hierarchies for 7 weeks. SIS effectively induces negative valence behaviors and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in both males and females. Importantly, while there were effects of estrous cycle on behavior, this variability did not impact the overall effects of SIS on behavior, suggesting estrous does not need to be tracked while utilizing SIS. Furthermore, the effects of SIS on negative valence behaviors were also reversed following chronic antidepressant treatment with fluoxetine (FLX) in both males and females. SIS also reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in female mice, while chronic FLX treatment increased adult hippocampal neurogenesis in both males and females. Overall, these data demonstrate that the SIS paradigm is an ethologically valid approach that effectively induces chronic stress in both adult male and adult female mice.

scholarly journals Short Daily Exposure to Environmental Enrichment, Fluoxetine, or Their Combination Reverses Deterioration of the Coat and Anhedonia Behaviors with Differential Effects on Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Chronically Stressed Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 10976
Author(s):  
Gerardo Bernabé Ramírez-Rodríguez ◽  
Nelly Maritza Vega-Rivera ◽  
David Meneses-San Juan ◽  
Leonardo Ortiz-López ◽  
Erika Montserrat Estrada-Camarena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Newborn Neurons

Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder with a high impact on the worldwide population. To overcome depression, antidepressant drugs are the first line of treatment. However, pre-clinical studies have pointed out that antidepressants are not entirely efficacious and that the quality of the living environment after stress cessation may play a relevant role in increasing their efficacy. As it is unknown whether a short daily exposure to environmental enrichment during chronic stress and antidepressant treatment will be more effective than just the pharmacological treatment, this study analyzed the effects of fluoxetine, environmental enrichment, and their combination on depressive-associated behavior. Additionally, we investigated hippocampal neurogenesis in mice exposed to chronic mild stress. Our results indicate that fluoxetine reversed anhedonia. Besides, fluoxetine reversed the decrement of some events of the hippocampal neurogenic process caused by chronic mild stress. Conversely, short daily exposure to environmental enrichment changed the deterioration of the coat and anhedonia. Although, this environmental intervention did not produce significant changes in the neurogenic process affected by chronic mild stress, fluoxetine plus environmental enrichment showed similar effects to those caused by environmental enrichment to reverse depressive-like behaviors. Like fluoxetine, the combination reversed the declining number of Ki67, doublecortin, calretinin cells and mature newborn neurons. Finally, this study suggests that short daily exposure to environmental enrichment improves the effects of fluoxetine to reverse the deterioration of the coat and anhedonia in chronically stressed mice. In addition, the combination of fluoxetine with environmental enrichment produces more significant effects than those caused by fluoxetine alone on some events of the neurogenic process. Thus, environmental enrichment improves the benefits of pharmacological treatment by mechanisms that need to be clarified.

scholarly journals The Neural Plasticity Theory of Depression: Assessing the Roles of Adult Neurogenesis and PSA-NCAM within the Hippocampus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Wainwright ◽  
Liisa A. M. Galea
Keyword(s):  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Neural Structure ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
And Function

Depression is a devastating and prevalent disease, with profound effects on neural structure and function; however the etiology and neuropathology of depression remain poorly understood. Though antidepressant drugs exist, they are not ideal, as only a segment of patients are effectively treated, therapeutic onset is delayed, and the exact mechanism of these drugs remains to be elucidated. Several theories of depression do exist, including modulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission, alterations in neurotrophic factors, and the upregulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and are briefly mentioned in the review. However none of these theories sufficiently explains the pathology and treatment of depression unto itself. Recently, neural plasticity theories of depression have postulated that multiple aspects of brain plasticity, beyond neurogenesis, may bridge the prevailing theories. The term “neural plasticity” encompasses an array of mechanisms, from the birth, survival, migration, and integration of new neurons to neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and the modulation of mature synapses. This review critically assesses the role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the cell adhesion molecule, PSA-NCAM (which is known to be involved in many facets of neural plasticity), in depression and antidepressant treatment.

Protein Kinase A in Major Depression: The Link Between Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Hyperactivity and Neurogenesis

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarique Perera ◽  
Sarah H. Lisanby ◽  
Harold A. Sackeim
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase A ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Kinase A

AbstractThe latest and most generative biological theories of major depression center on two major hypotheses. The first focuses on the concept that hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leads to many of the pathological changes in the brain that accompany major depression. The second posits that neurogenesis leads to the repair of depression-related injuries. These two hypotheses are complementary: the former alludes to the etiology or consequences of depression, while the latter suggests mechanisms of antidepressant action. Significant crosstalk occurs between these two systems at many levels. Protein kinase A (PKA) may play an important role in this crosstalk at the intracellular level of signaling cascades. PKA is involved in the formation of long-term potentiation and fear conditioning in response to stress. Chronic stress leads to the suppression of hippocampal activity, which may cause the hyperactivity of the HPA axis during melancholic depression. PKA is also involved in the stimulation of hippocampal neurogenesis after antidepressant treatment. In theory, neurogenesis may lead to the restoration of hippocampal function, and this may be the mechanism that leads to antidepressant-mediated normalization of HPA hyperactivity. Thus, PKA is active during processes that potentially lead to depression and other processes that lead to the resolution of the illness. These opposing processes may be mediated by separate PKA isozymes that activate two distinct pathways. This review highlights the dual role of this enzyme in two biological hypotheses pertaining to depression and its treatment.

Reduced hippocampal neurogenesis and number of hilar neurones in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice: reversion by antidepressant treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1539-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Beauquis ◽  
Paulina Roig ◽  
Françoise Homo-Delarche ◽  
Alejandro De Nicola ◽  
Flavia Saravia
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Diabetic Mice

Reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis after social defeat is long-lasting and responsive to late antidepressant treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1833-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Van Bokhoven ◽  
C. A. Oomen ◽  
W. J. G. Hoogendijk ◽  
A. B. Smit ◽  
P. J. Lucassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Opposing effects of stress andantidepressants of neurotrophic factors

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 96-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Post ◽  
M. Smith ◽  
S.R.B. Weiss ◽  
S. Beaulieu ◽  
D.-M. Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
Opposing Effects
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