Effects of age and alcohol exposure during early life on pyramidal cell numbers in the CA1-CA3 region of the rat hippocampus

Hippocampus ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Miki ◽  
Simon J. Harris ◽  
Peter A. Wilce ◽  
Yoshiki Takeuchi ◽  
Kuldip S. Bedi
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Cell ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Ca3 Region

Effects of alcohol exposure during early life on neuron numbers in the rat hippocampus. I. Hilus neurons and granule cells

Hippocampus ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Miki ◽  
Simon J. Harris ◽  
Peter A. Wilce ◽  
Yoshiki Takeuchi ◽  
Kuldip S. Bedi
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Rat Hippocampus

Long lasting effects of early-life stress on glutamatergic/GABAergic circuitry in the rat hippocampus

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1944-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Martisova ◽  
Maite Solas ◽  
Igor Horrillo ◽  
Jorge E. Ortega ◽  
J. Javier Meana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Rat Hippocampus

scholarly journals Differential Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways after Traumatic Brain Injury in the Rat Hippocampus

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Otani ◽  
Hiroshi Nawashiro ◽  
Shinji Fukui ◽  
Namiko Nomura ◽  
Akiko Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Pyramidal Cell ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Cell Layers

Mitogen-activated protein kinases, which play a crucial role in signal transduction, are activated by phosphorylation in response to a variety of mitogenic signals. In the present study, the authors used Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry to show that phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK) and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (p-JNK), but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, significantly increased in both the neurons and astrocytes after traumatic brain injury in the rat hippocampus. Different immunoreactivities of p-ERK and p-JNK were observed in the pyramidal cell layers and dentate hilar cells immediately after traumatic brain injury. Immunoreactivity for p-JNK was uniformly induced but was only transiently induced throughout all pyramidal cell layers. However, strong immunoreactivity for p-ERK was observed in the dentate hilar cells and the damaged CA3 neurons, along with the appearance of pyknotic morphologic changes. In addition, immunoreactivity for p-ERK was seen in astrocytes surrounding dentate and CA3 pyramidal neurons 6 hours after traumatic brain injury. These findings suggest that ERK and JNK but not p38 cascades may be closely involved in signal transduction in the rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals Ontogenesis of Presynaptic GABAB Receptor-Mediated Inhibition in the CA3 Region of the Rat Hippocampus

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 1341-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Caillard ◽  
Heather A. McLean ◽  
Yehezkel Ben-Ari ◽  
Jean-Luc Gaïarsa
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Gabab Receptor ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Reversal Potential ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Paired Pulse ◽  
Ca3 Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Paired Pulse Depression ◽  
Ca3 Region

Caillard, Olivier, Heather A. McLean, Yehezkel Ben-Ari, and Jean-Luc Gaı̈arsa. Ontogenesis of presynaptic GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition in the CA3 region of the rat hippocampus. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1341–1348, 1998. γ-Aminobutyric acid-B(GABAB) receptor-dependent and -independent components of paired-pulse depression (PPD) were investigated in the rat CA3 hippocampal region. Intracellular and whole cell recordings of CA3 pyramidal neurons were performed on hippocampal slices obtained from neonatal (5–7 day old) and adult (27–34 day old) rats. Electrical stimulation in the hilus evoked monosynaptic GABAA postsynaptic currents (eIPSCs) isolated in the presence of the ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 10 μM) and d(−)2-amino-5-phosphovaleric acid (d-AP5, 50 μM) with 2(triethylamino)- N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl) acetamine (QX314) filled electrodes. In adult CA3 pyramidal neurons, when a pair of identical stimuli was applied at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) ranging from 50 to 1,500 ms the amplitude of the second eIPSC was depressed when compared with the first eIPSC. This paired-pulse depression (PPD) was partially blockedb y  P - 3 - a m i n o p r o p y l - P - d i e t h o x y m e t h y l  p h o s p h o r i c  a c i d(CGP35348, 0.5 mM), a selective GABAB receptor antagonist. In neonates, PPD was restricted to ISIs shorter than 200 ms and was not affected by CGP35348. The GABAB receptor agonist baclofen reduced the amplitude of eIPSCs in a dose-dependent manner with the same efficiency in both adults and neonates. Increasing the probability of transmitter release with high Ca2+ (4 mM)/low Mg2+ (0.3 mM) external solution revealed PPD in neonatal CA3 pyramidal neurons that was 1) partially prevented by CGP35348, 2) independent of the membrane holding potential of the recorded cell, and 3) not resulting from a change in the reversal potential of GABAA eIPSCs. In adults the GABA uptake blocker tiagabine (20 μM) increased the duration of eIPSCs and the magnitude of GABAB receptor-dependent PPD. In neonates, tiagabine also increased duration of eIPSCs but to a lesser extent than in adult and did not reveal a GABAB receptor-dependent PPD. These results demonstrate that although GABAB receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms of presynaptic inhibition are present onGABAergic terminals and functional, they do not operate at the level of monosynaptic GABAergic synaptic transmission at early stages of development. Absence of presynaptic autoinhibition of GABA release seems to be due to the small amount of transmitter that can access presynaptic regulatory sites.

ATP induces generation of slow depolarizing waves in the CA3 region of the newborn rat hippocampus

2005 ◽  
Vol 400 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
V. F. Safiulina ◽  
L. S. Bikbulatova ◽  
V. I. Mel’nik ◽  
R. A. Giniatullin ◽  
A. S. Bazyan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Ca3 Region

scholarly journals Early life alcohol exposure primes hypothalamic microglia to later-life hypersensitivity to immune stress: possible epigenetic mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1579-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy G. Chastain ◽  
Tina Franklin ◽  
Omkaram Gangisetty ◽  
Miguel A. Cabrera ◽  
Sayani Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanism ◽  
Immune Stress
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