scholarly journals Usefulness of the S troop Test in Diagnosing Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Predicting Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunori Hanai ◽  
Makoto Shiraki ◽  
Kayoko Nishimura ◽  
Takao Miwa ◽  
Toshihide Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy

scholarly journals Clinical management of type C hepatic encephalopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Ridola ◽  
Oliviero Riggio ◽  
Stefania Gioia ◽  
Jessica Faccioli ◽  
Silvia Nardelli
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Complex Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Type C

Type-C hepatic encephalopathy is a complex neurological syndrome, characteristic of patients with liver disease, causing a wide and complex spectrum of nonspecific neurological and psychiatric manifestations, ranging from a subclinical entity, minimal hepatic encephalopathy, to a deep form in which a complete alteration of consciousness can be observed: overt hepatic encephalopathy. Overt hepatic encephalopathy occurs in 30–40% of patients. According to the time course, hepatic encephalopathy is subdivided into episodic, recurrent and persistent. Diagnostic strategies range from simple clinical scales to more complex psychometric and neurophysiological tools. Therapeutic options may vary between episodic hepatic encephalopathy, in which it is important to define and treat the precipitating factor and hepatic encephalopathy and secondary prophylaxis, where the standard of care is non-absorbable disaccharides and rifaximin. Grey areas and future needs remain the therapeutic approach to minimal hepatic encephalopathy and issues in the design of therapeutic studies for hepatic encephalopathy.

scholarly journals Screening for minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis by cirrhosis-related symptoms and a history of overt hepatic encephalopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Yoshimura ◽  
Tatsuki Ichikawa ◽  
Hisamitsu Miyaaki ◽  
Naota Taura ◽  
Satoshi Miuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Altered Modular Organization of Functional Connectivity Networks in Cirrhotic Patients without Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zheng ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Long Jiang Zhang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Zhiying Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Ammonia Level ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Subcortical Regions

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is associated with changes in functional connectivity. To investigate the patterns of modular changes of the functional connectivity in the progression of MHE, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired in 24 MHE patients, 31 cirrhotic patients without minimal hepatic encephalopathy (non-HE), and 38 healthy controls. Newman’s metric, the modularityQvalue, was maximized and compared in three groups. Topological roles with the progression of MHE were illustrated by intra- and intermodular connectivity changes. Results showed that theQvalue of MHE patients was significantly lower than that of controlsP<0.01rather than that of non-HE patientsP>0.05, which was correlated with neuropsychological test scores rather than the ammonia level and Child-Pugh score. Less intrasubcortical connections and more isolated subcortical modules were found with the progression of MHE. The non-HE patients had the same numbers of connect nodes as controls and had more hubs compared with MHE patients and healthy controls. Our findings supported that both intra- and intermodular connectivity, especially those related to subcortical regions, were continuously impaired in cirrhotic patients. The adjustments of hubs and connector nodes in non-HE patients could be a compensation for the decreased modularity in their functional connectivity networks.

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