scholarly journals Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Cirrhosis Reduces Gut Microbial Antibiotic Resistance Genes: Analysis of Two Trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmohan S. Bajaj ◽  
Amirhossein Shamsaddini ◽  
Andrew Fagan ◽  
Richard K. Sterling ◽  
Edith Gavis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant

Gut resistome presents a unique biome signature in chronic multi-symptom illness patients and links persistent pro-inflammatory phenotype in a mouse model reversible by fecal microbiota transfer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipro Bose ◽  
Somdatta Chatterjee ◽  
Ethan Older ◽  
Ratanesh Seth ◽  
Patricia Janulewicz Lloyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant

Abstract Chronic multi-symptom illness (CMI) affects a subsection of elderly and war veterans and is associated with systemic inflammation, chronic fatigue, pain and neuroinflammation. We showed previously that an altered gut microbiome-inflammation axis aids to the symptom reporting and persistence. Here, a mouse model of CMI and a group of Gulf War veterans’ with CMI showed the presence of an altered host resistome, a signature of antibiotic resistance genes within the microbiome. Results showed that antibiotic resistance genes were significantly altered in the CMI group in both mice and GW veterans when compared to the control. Fecal samples from GW veterans with persistent CMI showed a significant increase of resistance to a wide class of antibiotics and exhibited an array of mobile genetic elements distinct than normal healthy controls. Strikingly, the altered resistome and gene signature were correlated with mouse serum IL6 levels. Altered resistome in mice also correlated strongly with intestinal inflammation, decreased synaptic plasticity that was reversible with fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), a tool to restore a healthy biome. The results indicate an emerging linkage of the gut resistome and CMI and might be significant in understanding the risks to treating hospital acquired infections in this population.

scholarly journals Invertible promoters mediate bacterial phase variation, antibiotic resistance, and host adaptation in the gut

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 363 (6423) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Jiang ◽  
A. Brantley Hall ◽  
Timothy D. Arthur ◽  
Damian R. Plichta ◽  
Christian T. Covington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metagenomic Data ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplant ◽  
Dna Inversion ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Selective Forces

Phase variation, the reversible alternation between genetic states, enables infection by pathogens and colonization by commensals. However, the diversity of phase variation remains underexplored. We developed the PhaseFinder algorithm to quantify DNA inversion–mediated phase variation. A systematic search of 54,875 bacterial genomes identified 4686 intergenic invertible DNA regions (invertons), revealing an enrichment in host-associated bacteria. Invertons containing promoters often regulate extracellular products, underscoring the importance of surface diversity for gut colonization. We found invertons containing promoters regulating antibiotic resistance genes that shift to the ON orientation after antibiotic treatment in human metagenomic data and in vitro, thereby mitigating the cost of antibiotic resistance. We observed that the orientations of some invertons diverge after fecal microbiota transplant, potentially as a result of individual-specific selective forces.

Metagenome analysis of antibiotic resistance genes in fecal microbiota of chickens

Agri Gene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Tong ◽  
Xue Ji ◽  
Lizhi Chen ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Lizhi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metagenome Analysis

scholarly journals Infectious phage particles packaging antibiotic resistance genes found in meat products and chicken feces

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Gómez-Gómez ◽  
Pedro Blanco-Picazo ◽  
Maryury Brown-Jaque ◽  
Pablo Quirós ◽  
Lorena Rodríguez-Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Phage Dna ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Minced Meat

Abstract Bacteriophages can package part of their host’s genetic material, including antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), contributing to a rapid dissemination of resistances among bacteria. Phage particles containing ARGs were evaluated in meat, pork, beef and chicken minced meat, and ham and mortadella, purchased in local retailer. Ten ARGs (blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9, blaOXA-48, blaVIM, qnrA, qnrS, mecA, armA and sul1) were analyzed by qPCR in the phage DNA fraction. The genes were quantified, before and after propagation experiments in Escherichia coli, to evaluate the ability of ARG-carrying phage particles to infect and propagate in a bacterial host. According to microbiological parameters, all samples were acceptable for consumption. ARGs were detected in most of the samples after particle propagation indicating that at least part of the isolated phage particles were infectious, being sul1the most abundant ARG in all the matrices followed by β-lactamase genes. ARGs were also found in the phage DNA fraction of thirty-seven archive chicken cecal samples, confirming chicken fecal microbiota as an important ARG reservoir and the plausible origin of the particles found in meat. Phages are vehicles for gene transmission in meat that should not be underestimated as a risk factor in the global crisis of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Pediatric Fecal Microbiota Harbor Diverse and Novel Antibiotic Resistance Genes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e78822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimée M. Moore ◽  
Sanket Patel ◽  
Kevin J. Forsberg ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Gayle Bentley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Microbiota

Quintuplex PCR to Detect Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navindra Kumari Palanisamy ◽  
Parasakthi Navaratnam ◽  
Shamala Devi Sekaran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
Efflux Mechanism ◽  
Mic Value

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen, causing respiratory infection. Penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae is associated with alterations in the penicillin binding proteins, while resistance to macrolides is conferred either by the modification of the ribosomal target site or efflux mechanism. This study aimed to characterize S. pneumoniae and its antibiotic resistance genes using 2 sets of multiplex PCRs. Methods: A quintuplex and triplex PCR was used to characterize the pbp1A, ermB, gyrA, ply, and the mefE genes. Fifty-eight penicillin sensitive strains (PSSP), 36 penicillin intermediate strains (PISP) and 26 penicillin resistance strains (PRSP) were used. Results: Alteration in pbp1A was only observed in PISP and PRSP strains, while PCR amplification of the ermB or mefE was observed only in strains with reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. The assay was found to be sensitive as simulated blood cultures showed the lowest level of detection to be 10cfu. Conclusions: As predicted, the assay was able to differentiate penicillin susceptible from the non-susceptible strains based on the detection of the pbp1A gene, which correlated with the MIC value of the strains.

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