scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of two doses versus three doses of hepatitis A vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and -uninfected men who have sex with men

Hepatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1734-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tzu Tseng ◽  
Sui-Yuan Chang ◽  
Wen-Chun Liu ◽  
Hsin-Yun Sun ◽  
Cheng-Hsin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sex With Men

Prevalence of Hepatitis A Immunity and Decision-tree Analysis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Are Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Tokyo

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Koibuchi ◽  
Michiko Koga ◽  
Tadashi Kikuchi ◽  
Taizo Horikomi ◽  
Yoshihiro Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Decision Tree Analysis ◽  
Decision Tree Algorithm ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can be sexually transmitted. However, the level of HAV immunity among patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Japan is unknown. Determining the epidemiology of HAV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) and who are living with HIV is essential for an HAV vaccination program. This study examined HAV immunity in patients living with HIV and applied the decision-tree analysis to explore the factors of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-hepatitis A (HA) antibodies in MSM living with HIV. Methods We examined the presence of IgG-HA antibodies among patients living with HIV from January to December 2017 in The Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo. We recorded each patient’s age, sex, mode of HIV transmission, year of HIV diagnosis, HAV vaccine status, history of HAV infection, and history of other infectious diseases. A decision-tree algorithm was used to reveal the factors and profiles most relevant to the anti-HAV prevalence. Results Overall, 378 MSM patients living with HIV were examined for IgG-HA antibodies. After excluding 24 patients who had received a HAV vaccine, the data of 354 MSM were analyzed (median age 45 years, interquartile range 39–51 years). Of the 354 patients, 60 (16.9%) were positive for IgG-HA antibodies. The HA positivity rate increased with patients’ age, and age (> 63.5 years) was extracted as the most important variable by classification of the decision-tree algorithm. Conclusions Our study, conducted just before the HAV outbreak among MSM in Tokyo, showed that age was the most relevant factor in anti-HAV prevalences. An extensive HAV vaccination program for MSM patients living with HIV is urgently needed, particularly for younger people.

scholarly journals Herd Immunity Likely Protected the Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Recent Hepatitis A Outbreak in San Diego, California

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1228-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davey Smith ◽  
Christina Huynh ◽  
Adam J Moore ◽  
Andrew Frick ◽  
Christy Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract A high seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (81%) among human immunodeficiency virus–negative high-risk men who have sex with men is likely why this community was largely spared from a recent hepatitis A virus outbreak in San Diego, California.

scholarly journals 1061. False Positive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Due to Acute Hepatitis A Infection: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S559-S559
Author(s):  
Maria V Bandres ◽  
Daniel Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis A ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background In our urban, underserved patient population, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is hyper-endemic, and HIV screening is frequently performed. Although HIV screening tests have high specificity, false positives can occur. Numerous reasons for false positive testing have been cited, including vaccinations, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections. In 2019, Philadelphia experienced a large Hepatitis A outbreak, during which time false positive HIV screening tests were discovered. Our aim was to further describe these patients who had been diagnosed with acute Hepatitis A infection and in whom false positive HIV testing had occurred. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult patients admitted to our hospital between January 2017 and December 2019 who had a positive Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) IgM. Demographics, HIV tests, viral hepatitis tests, and liver tests were recorded. False positive HIV was defined as a positive HIV screen (p24 antigen and HIV-1 and 2 antibody combo), followed by a negative differentiation assay for HIV-1 and 2 antibodies, combined with a negative HIV PCR. Results A total of 156 unique patients were found to have acute HAV, with 138 cases identified in 2019. Of these, 3 patients had confirmed false positive HIV testing, and 1 patient had suspected false positive HIV testing (HIV-2 differentiation assay indeterminate, with very low local prevalence of HIV-2), for a false positive test rate of 2.6% (4/156). Ages ranged from 36-47 years, 3 were male, and 2 were persons who injected drugs (PWID). Three patients had prior negative HIV testing. Two patients had fevers during admission, but none of the four were febrile at the time of HIV test collection. Three patients had elevated transaminases, and two had abnormal coagulation testing. Coinfection with Hepatitis C was found in three patients. One patient had follow-up HIV testing performed, which was negative. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of false positive HIV testing related to acute HAV. Prevalence of false positives was low, but awareness can facilitate patient counseling. With low sample size, conclusions cannot be drawn about risk factors related to false positive testing. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Trends in human immunodeficiency virus diagnoses among men who have sex with men in North America, Western Europe, and Australia, 2000–2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 874-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Chapin-Bardales ◽  
Axel J. Schmidt ◽  
Rebecca J. Guy ◽  
John M. Kaldor ◽  
Skye McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
North America ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sex With Men
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