scholarly journals Large‐scale white matter network reorganization in posttraumatic stress disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (16) ◽  
pp. 4801-4812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueling Suo ◽  
Du Lei ◽  
Wenbin Li ◽  
Fuqin Chen ◽  
Running Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder

scholarly journals Efficacy and Underlying Mechanism of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Chan-Young Kwon ◽  
Boram Lee ◽  
Sang-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Expectancy Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanisms

Acupuncture is a nonpharmacological intervention that can be useful in the clinical management of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), especially in situations with a lack of medical resources, including large-scale PTSD events such as disasters. Some clinical studies have reported the clinical effect of acupuncture in improving PTSD symptoms, but the underlying therapeutic mechanism has yet to be explored. Therefore, this review summarized the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture in animal PTSD models. A comprehensive search was conducted in 14 electronic databases, and two independent researchers performed study selection, data extraction, and the methodological quality assessment. Twenty-four relevant studies were included in this review and summarized according to the proposed main mechanisms. In behavioral evaluation, acupuncture, including manual acupuncture and electro-acupuncture, reduced anxiety and fear responses and weakened fear conditioning, improved sleep architecture, reduced depressive symptoms, and alleviated disturbance of spatial learning and memory of PTSD animal models. The therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture proposed in the included studies could be classified into two categories: (1) regulation of stress responses in the neuroendocrine system and (2) promotion of neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity in several brain areas. However, the methodological quality of the included animal studies was not high enough to produce robust evidence. In addition, mechanistic studies on specific aspects of acupuncture that may affect PTSD, including expectancy effects, in human PTSD subjects are also needed.

Decreased Gray-To-White Matter Contrast Within the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex of Individuals With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S231-S232
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Harnett ◽  
Sanne van Rooij ◽  
Timothy Ely ◽  
Jennifer Stevens ◽  
Antonia Seligowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Adjustment Disorder in Lithuanian Healthcare in 2018–2020: A Nation-Wide Cohort Study of the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1422
Author(s):  
Evaldas Kazlauskas ◽  
Odeta Gelezelyte ◽  
Auguste Nomeikaite ◽  
Paulina Zelviene
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
National Healthcare

Multiple empirical studies have revealed significant pandemic effects of COVID-19 on mental health in various populations. This study aimed to analyze the incidences of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder (AjD) in national healthcare in 2018–2020 in one of the European countries—Lithuania—and estimate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on PTSD and AjD incidences in 2020. The national healthcare registry was used for estimations of diagnosis of PTSD, AjD, and major depressive disorder (MD). The study revealed that stress-related disorders PTSD and AjD are diagnosed rarely, resulting in a considerable gap between the expected prevalence and incidences of these diagnoses in healthcare in Lithuania. Moreover, a significant decline in mental disorders incidence in healthcare in 2020, in comparison to 2018 and 2019, was found, revealing that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on access to healthcare services and increased barriers for mental disorders treatment. The study indicates that major developments in building up knowledge about the effects of trauma and life stressors on mental health are needed in Lithuania and other countries to increase awareness about stress-related disorders and improve care for trauma survivors, in particular in the context of the pandemics or other large-scale disasters.

scholarly journals The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Workgroup: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Enters the Age of Large-Scale Genomic Collaboration

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2287-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W Logue ◽  
Ananda B Amstadter ◽  
Dewleen G Baker ◽  
Laramie Duncan ◽  
Karestan C Koenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder

scholarly journals Structural Connectivity of the Posterior Cingulum Is Related to Reexperiencing Symptoms in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 247054701880713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carissa N. Weis ◽  
Emily L. Belleau ◽  
Walker S. Pedersen ◽  
Tara A. Miskovich ◽  
Christine L. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Cingulum Bundle ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a heterogeneous disorder with disturbances in hyperarousal or avoidance behaviors and intrusive or reexperiencing thoughts. The uncinate fasciculus and cingulum bundle are white matter pathways implicated in stress and trauma pathophysiology, yet their structural integrity related to posttraumatic stress disorder symptom domains is yet to be understood. Forty-four trauma-exposed young adults underwent structural and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Stress and trauma exposure indices and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms were collected and used to predict current integrity of the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum bundle. Severity of reexperiencing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms was significantly related to increased fractional anisotropy ( r = .469 p < .001) and decreased mean diffusivity ( r =  −.373, p = .013) of the right posterior cingulum bundle. No other findings emerged with respect to stress exposure or of hyperarousal ( p’s > 0.05) or avoidance ( p’s > 0.2) posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. The posterior cingulum connects medial temporal lobe structures with visual areas in the occipital lobe and has been implicated in visual memory and self-referential thought. Increased structural connectivity along this pathway may therefore explain the emergence of reexperiencing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. This along with the lack of results with respect to stress exposure suggests that structural aberrations in white matter pathways are more strongly linked with the actual experience of stress-related psychological symptoms than just exposure to stress.

scholarly journals Treatment Outcome-Related White Matter Differences in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2434-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitzy Kennis ◽  
Sanne J H van Rooij ◽  
Do P M Tromp ◽  
Andrew S Fox ◽  
Arthur R Rademaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder
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