Clock drawing test in mild and moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type: a comparative and correlation study

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremia Heinik ◽  
Isaac Solomesh ◽  
Victoria Shein ◽  
Daniel Becker
Keyword(s):  
Type A ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Moderate Dementia

scholarly journals Hippocampal magnetic resonance imaging morphometry and neuropsychological parameters in patients with Alzheimer's disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
N. N. Yakhno ◽  
N. N. Koberskaya ◽  
V. A. Perepelov ◽  
D. S. Smirnov ◽  
V. I. Solodovnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Word Test ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Mri Morphometry ◽  
Moderate Dementia

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the population. Difficulties in diagnosing AD have served as an incentive for actively studying different current methods that increase the accuracy of diagnosis of the current neurodegenerative process in this disease. One of these areas is the post-processing of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, by exactly calculating the volume of various anatomical formations, namely MRI morphometry. Objective: to determine the possible relationship between the results of evaluating the higher brain functions and the reduction in the hippocampal volume calculated by MRI morphometry in AD patients with mild and moderate dementia and in healthy controls. Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 41 AD patients aged 70.63±8.38 years with mild and moderate dementia and in healthy individuals. All study participants underwent neuropsychological testing that included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the frontal lobe dysfunction battery (FLDB); immediate and delayed 12-word recall trials (12-word test); Benton's revised visual retention test; test of literal and categorical associations; clock drawing test; and series number test, Part A. MRI was performed on a Siemens Magnetom Skyra 3T MRI scanner. Statistical Parametric Mapping software was used to convert images and the volume of the hippocampus was estimated by FMRIB Software Library. Results and discussion. A statistically significant decrease in hippocampal volumes was established in patients with AD compared with healthy individuals. No statistically significant differences in hippocampal volumes were found in patients with varying degrees of dementia. Patients with mild and moderate dementia differed in all indicators of neuropsychological tests, with exception for the 12-word test and Benton's test. There was a statistically significant correlation of the total volume of the hippocampi with the indicators of MMSE, FLDB, 12- word test, clock drawing test, and test of categorical associations. Conclusion. Hippocampal MRI morphometry in combination with neuropsychological tests is an informative technique in the diagnosis of AD. There is a relationship between the degree of hippocampal atrophy and the neuropsychological characteristics of patients.

scholarly journals Classifying Non-Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease/Vascular Dementia Patients Using Kinematic, Time-Based, and Visuospatial Parameters: The Digital Clock Drawing Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Davoudi ◽  
Catherine Dion ◽  
Shawna Amini ◽  
Patrick J. Tighe ◽  
Catherine C. Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Digital Clock ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Optimal Area

Background: Advantages of digital clock drawing metrics for dementia subtype classification needs examination. Objective: To assess how well kinematic, time-based, and visuospatial features extracted from the digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) can classify a combined group of Alzheimer’s disease/Vascular Dementia patients versus healthy controls (HC), and classify dementia patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus vascular dementia (VaD). Methods: Healthy, community-dwelling control participants (n = 175), patients diagnosed clinically with Alzheimer’s disease (n = 29), and vascular dementia (n = 27) completed the dCDT to command and copy clock drawing conditions. Thirty-seven dCDT command and 37 copy dCDT features were extracted and used with Random Forest classification models. Results: When HC participants were compared to participants with dementia, optimal area under the curve was achieved using models that combined both command and copy dCDT features (AUC = 91.52%). Similarly, when AD versus VaD participants were compared, optimal area under the curve was, achieved with models that combined both command and copy features (AUC = 76.94%). Subsequent follow-up analyses of a corpus of 10 variables of interest determined using a Gini Index found that groups could be dissociated based on kinematic, time-based, and visuospatial features. Conclusion: The dCDT is able to operationally define graphomotor output that cannot be measured using traditional paper and pencil test administration in older health controls and participants with dementia. These data suggest that kinematic, time-based, and visuospatial behavior obtained using the dCDT may provide additional neurocognitive biomarkers that may be able to identify and tract dementia syndromes.

scholarly journals Digital Clock Drawing: Differentiating “Thinking” versus “Doing” in Younger and Older Adults with Depression

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 920-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Cohen ◽  
Dana L. Penney ◽  
Randall Davis ◽  
David J. Libon ◽  
Rodney A. Swenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Psychomotor Speed ◽  
Psychomotor Slowing ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Digital Clock ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Time To Completion ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Depressed Group

AbstractPsychomotor slowing has been documented in depression. The digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) provides: (i) a novel technique to assess both cognitive and motor aspects of psychomotor speed within the same task and (ii) the potential to uncover subtleties of behavior not previously detected with non-digitized modes of data collection. Using digitized pen technology in 106 participants grouped by Age (younger/older) and Affect (euthymic/unmedicated depressed), we recorded cognitive and motor output by capturing how the clock is drawn rather than focusing on the final product. We divided time to completion (TTC) for Command and Copy conditions of the dCDT into metrics of percent of drawing (%Ink) versus non-drawing (%Think) time. We also obtained composite Z-scores of cognition, including attention/information processing (AIP), to explore associations of %Ink and %Think times to cognitive and motor performance. Despite equivalent TTC, %Ink and %Think Command times (Copy n.s.) were significant (AgeXAffect interaction: p=.03)—younger depressed spent a smaller proportion of time drawing relative to thinking compared to the older depressed group. Command %Think time negatively correlated with AIP in the older depressed group (r=−.46; p=.02). Copy %Think time negatively correlated with AIP in the younger depressed (r=−.47; p=.03) and older euthymic groups (r=−.51; p=.01). The dCDT differentiated aspects of psychomotor slowing in depression regardless of age, while dCDT/cognitive associates for younger adults with depression mimicked patterns of older euthymics. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–9)

The Four-Point Scoring System for the Clock Drawing Test Does Not Differentiate between Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
April R. Wiechmann ◽  
James R. Hall ◽  
Sid O'bryant
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

The purpose of this study was to explore the sensitivity and specificity of the Clock Drawing Test by using a widely employed four-point scoring system to discriminate between patients with Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the Clock Drawing Test was able to distinguish between normal elders and those with a dementia diagnosis. The cutoff score for differentiating patients with Alzheimer's disease from normal participants was = 3. The cutoff score for differentiating those with vascular disease from normal participants was = 3. Overall, the four-point scoring system demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for identifying cognitive dysfunction associated with dementia; however, the current findings do not support the utility of the four-point scoring system in discriminating Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

scholarly journals Learning classification models of cognitive conditions from subtle behaviors in the digital Clock Drawing Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Souillard-Mandar ◽  
Randall Davis ◽  
Cynthia Rudin ◽  
Rhoda Au ◽  
David J. Libon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification Models ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Digital Clock ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

The Japanese version of the Rapid Dementia Screening Test is effective compared to the clock-drawing test for detecting patients with mild Alzheimer's disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Moriyama ◽  
Aihide Yoshino ◽  
Kaori Yamanaka ◽  
Motoichiro Kato ◽  
Taro Muramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Drawing Test
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document