Behavioral regulation: factor analysis and application of the Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale in dementia and mild cognitive impairment

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Hall ◽  
Michelle B. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale

scholarly journals Frequency and subgroups of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and different stages of dementia in Alzheimer's disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Siafarikas ◽  
G. Selbaek ◽  
T. Fladby ◽  
J. Šaltytė Benth ◽  
E. Auning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTBackground:Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), such as depression, apathy, agitation, and psychotic symptoms are common in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Subgroups of NPS have been reported. Yet the relationship of NPS and their subgroups to different stages of cognitive impairment is unclear. Most previous studies are based on small sample sizes and show conflicting results. We sought to examine the frequency of NPS and their subgroups in MCI and different stages of dementia in AD.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study using data from a Norwegian national registry of memory clinics. From a total sample of 4,571 patients, we included those with MCI or AD (MCI 817, mild AD 883, moderate–severe AD 441). To compare variables across groups ANOVA or χ2-test was applied. We used factor analysis of Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) items to identify subgroups of NPS.Results:The frequency of any NPS was 87.2% (AD 91.2%, MCI 79.5%; p < 0.001) and increased with increasing severity of cognitive decline. The most frequent NPS in MCI was depression. Apathy was the most frequent NPS in AD across different stages of severity. The factor analysis identified three subgroups in MCI and mild AD, and a fourth one in moderate–severe AD. We labelled the subgroups “depression,” “agitation,” “psychosis,” and “elation.”Conclusions:The frequency of NPS is high in MCI and AD and increases with the severity of cognitive decline. The subgroups of NPS were relatively consistent from MCI to moderate-severe AD. The subgroup elation appeared only in moderate-severe AD.

Prevalence of major and minor depression in elderly persons with mild cognitive impairment?MADRS factor analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1168-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gabryelewicz ◽  
M. Styczynska ◽  
A. Pfeffer ◽  
B. Wasiak ◽  
A. Barczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Minor Depression

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the geriatric quality of life-dementia in older adults with dementia or mild cognitive impairment living in nursing homes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Park ◽  
Seon-Min Park ◽  
Jung-Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
People With Dementia

Abstract Background Given the theoretical and methodological limitations, there is insufficient knowledge about the psychometric properties and internal structure of quality of life (QOL) measurements for patients with dementia living in nursing homes. The present study aimed to confirm the validity and reliability of the Geriatric Quality of Life-Dementia scale (GQOL-D) to measure the QOL of patients with dementia in nursing homes and analyze their QOL based on the validated GQOL-D factor structure. Methods The GQOL-D was used to assess QOL. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment from six nursing homes in two cities. In order to confirm the validity and factor structure of the scale, both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were employed. An independent t-test and a one-way analysis of variance were performed to examine the difference in the QOL across general characteristics. Results The original factor model was not appropriate to assess the QOL of dementia patients living in nursing homes because the models did not show adequate fit indices. The results support a two-factor structure: environmental and personal factors. Our findings suggest that the internal consistency and construct validity of the proposed two-factor model are adequate, and the GQOL-D is a useful tool for assessing the QOL of dementia patients living in nursing homes. Conclusions This factor structure model of environmental and personal aspects is a useful theoretical framework for designing and evaluating interventions for people with dementia and providing integrated person-centered care for people with dementia in nursing homes.

Exploratory Factor Analysis of the WAIS-III Thai Version in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1095-1101
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Perceptual Organization ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To investigate the generalizability of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III) factors structure in a sample of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of patients older than 60 years receiving treatments at the Memory Clinic in Ramathibodi Hospital between January 2015 and July 2018 was conducted. The WAIS-III Thai version was used to measure the performance. All subtests except the Vocabulary and Object Assembly subtests were included for analyses. These 12 subtests were subjected to a principal axis factor analysis with oblique rotation and four factors were specified to be retained. Results: Out of 145 patients, 51% were female and 49%were male. The Full-Scale IQ ranged from 80 to 123 with the mean of 93.88 (SD 9.12). The mean of each subtest ranged from 7.82 (Similarities) to 10.45 (Digit Span), with the standard deviations ranging from 1.80 to 2.86. Based on the order of extraction and minimum loading criterion, results supported a four-factor solution composed of Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Working Memory, and Processing Speed. The coefficients of congruence across groups on the four factors ranged from 0.92 for Perceptual Organization to 0.73 for Processing Speed. However, the Picture Completion subtest was found to have similar loadings between Perceptual Organization and Processing Speed, with the primary loading being on Perceptual Organization and secondary loading on Processing Speed. On the Working Memory factor, the MCI group showed areas of relatively greater divergence for Picture Arrangement, Block Design, and Digit Symbol: Coding subtests. Conclusion: Four factors from WAIS-III could be applied to patients with MCI. The decline of cognitive functions, particular in working memory, might be the explanation for the difference in loading factor among some subtests. Therefore, it might be possible to apply other models with other factors to the same patient group in the future. Keywords: Mild cognitive impairments; Exploratory factor analysis; WAIS-III

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Autobiographical Memory: Evidence From a Positron Emission Tomography Study in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Frankenberg ◽  
Johannes Pantel ◽  
Uwe Haberkorn ◽  
Christina Degen ◽  
Monte S. Buchsbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Episodic Memories

Background: Autobiographical memory (AM) changes are the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In recent neuroimaging studies, AM changes have been associated with numerous cerebral sites, such as the frontal cortices, the mesial temporal lobe, or the posterior cingulum. Regional glucose uptake in these sites was investigated for underlying subdimensions using factor analysis. Subsequently, the factors were examined with respect to AM performance in a subgroup of patients.Methods: Data from 109 memory clinic referrals, who presented with MCI (n = 60), mild AD (n = 49), or were cognitively intact, were analyzed. The glucose metabolic rates determined by positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in 34 cerebral sites important for AM were investigated for underlying subdimensions by calculating factor analysis with varimax rotation. Subsequently, the respective factor scores were correlated with the episodic and semantic AM performance of 22 patients, which was measured with a semi-structured interview assessing episodic memories (characterized by event-related emotional, sensory, contextual, and spatial–temporal details) and personal semantic knowledge from three periods of life (primary school, early adulthood, and recent years).Results: Factor analysis identified seven factors explaining 69% of the variance. While patients with MCI and AD showed lower values than controls on the factors frontal cortex, mesial temporal substructures, and occipital cortex, patients with MCI presented with increased values on the factors posterior cingulum and left temporo-prefrontal areas. The factors anterior cingulum and right temporal cortex showed only minor, non-significant group differences. Solely, the factor mesial temporal substructures was significantly correlated with both episodic memories (r = 0.424, p &lt; 0.05) and personal semantic knowledge (r = 0.547, p &lt; 0.01) in patients with MCI/AD.Conclusions: The factor structure identified corresponds by large to the morphological and functional interrelations of the respective sites. While reduced glucose uptake on the factors frontal cortex, mesial temporal substructures, and occipital cortex in the patient group may correspond to neurodegenerative changes, increased values on the factors posterior cingulum and left temporo-prefrontal areas in MCI may result from compensatory efforts. Interestingly, changes of the mesial temporal substructures were correlated with both semantic and episodic AM. Our findings suggest that AM deficits do not only reflect neurodegenerative changes but also refer to compensatory mechanisms as they involve both quantitative losses of specific memories and qualitative changes with a semantization of memories.

Neuropsychiatric Features of Neurosyphilis: Frequency, Relationship with the Severity of Cognitive Impairment and Comparison with Alzheimer Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 308-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Zhong ◽  
Haishan Shi ◽  
Le Hou ◽  
Ben Chen ◽  
Qi Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Frequency Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment Stage

Background: The pattern of neuropsychiatric features of patients with neurosyphilis and the impact of the severity of cognitive impairment on neuropsychiatric syndromes are unknown. Objective: We aim to assess the neuropsychiatric features of patients with neurosyphilis, and compare the impact of the severity of cognitive impairment on the neuropsychiatric syndromes between neurosyphilis and Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Neuropsychiatric symptoms and the degree of cognitive impairment were assessed in a case-control study of 91 neurosyphilis, 162 AD, 157 mild cognitive impairment, and 139 normal controls by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scale and Clinical Dementia Rating scale, respectively. Factor analysis was performed on the 12 NPI items. Results: Factor analysis showed that patients with neurosyphilis showed more severe neuropsychiatric syndromes at the dementia stage than those neurosyphilis patients at the mild cognitive impairment stage, while neuropsychiatric manifestations were equally common among the different stages of dementia (all p < 0.05). Frontal lobe syndrome was more severe in patients with neurosyphilis than in patients with AD from the early mild cognitive impairment stage to the moderate dementia stage (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: Patients with neurosyphilis show different patterns of neuropsychiatric syndromes at the mild cognitive impairment and dementia stages, and differ from patients with AD.

Toward Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Hispanic and African American Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Valarie B. Fleming ◽  
Joyce L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
African American Adults

Across the breadth of acquired neurogenic communication disorders, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may go undetected, underreported, and untreated. In addition to stigma and distrust of healthcare systems, other barriers contribute to decreased identification, healthcare access, and service utilization for Hispanic and African American adults with MCI. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have significant roles in prevention, education, management, and support of older adults, the population must susceptible to MCI.

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