scholarly journals Radial glia inhibit peripheral glial infiltration into the spinal cord at motor exit point transition zones

Glia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 1138-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody J. Smith ◽  
Kimberly Johnson ◽  
Taylor G. Welsh ◽  
Michael J. F. Barresi ◽  
Sarah Kucenas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Transition Zones

scholarly journals Spinal cord precursors utilize neural crest cell mechanisms to generate hybrid peripheral myelinating glia

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fontenas ◽  
Sarah Kucenas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Glial Development ◽  
Myelinating Glia ◽  
Peripheral Motor ◽  
Crest Cell

During development, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells myelinate central and peripheral nervous system axons, respectively, while motor exit point (MEP) glia are neural tube-derived, peripheral glia that myelinate axonal territory between these populations at MEP transition zones. From which specific neural tube precursors MEP glia are specified, and how they exit the neural tube to migrate onto peripheral motor axons, remain largely unknown. Here, using zebrafish, we found that MEP glia arise from lateral floor plate precursors and require foxd3 to delaminate and exit the spinal cord. Additionally, we show that similar to Schwann cells, MEP glial development depends on axonally derived neuregulin1. Finally, our data demonstrate that overexpressing axonal cues is sufficient to generate additional MEP glia in the spinal cord. Overall, these studies provide new insight into how a novel population of hybrid, peripheral myelinating glia are generated from neural tube precursors and migrate into the periphery.

scholarly journals Spinal cord precursors utilize neural crest cell mechanisms to generate hybrid peripheral myelinating glia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fontenas ◽  
Sarah Kucenas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Glial Development ◽  
Myelinating Glia ◽  
Peripheral Motor ◽  
Crest Cell

AbstractDuring development, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells myelinate central and peripheral nervous system axons, respectively, while motor exit point (MEP) glia are neural tube-derived, peripheral glia that myelinate axonal territory between these populations at MEP transition zones. From which specific neural tube precursors MEP glia are specified, and how they exit the neural tube to migrate onto peripheral motor axons, remain largely unknown. Here, using zebrafish, we found that MEP glia arise from lateral floor plate precursors and require foxd3 to delaminate and exit the spinal cord. Additionally, we show that similar to Schwann cells, MEP glial development depends on axonally-derived neuregulin1. Finally, our data demonstrate that overexpressing axonal cues is sufficient to generate additional MEP glia in the spinal cord. Overall, these studies provide new insight into how a novel population of hybrid, peripheral myelinating glia are generated from neural tube precursors and migrate into the periphery.

An Early Developmental Marker for Radial Glia in Rat Spinal Cord

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
V. Kriho ◽  
H.-Y. Yang ◽  
C.-M. Lue ◽  
N. Lieska ◽  
G. D. Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Spinal Cord Development ◽  
Median Septum ◽  
Differentiation Marker ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Developing Rat

Radial glia have been classically defined as those early glial cells that radially span their thin processes from the ventricular to the pial surfaces in the developing central nervous system. These radial glia constitute a transient cell population, disappearing, for the most part, by the end of the period of neuronal migration. Traditionally, it has been difficult to definitively identify these cells because the principal criteria available were morphologic only.Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we have previously defined a phenotype for radial glia in rat spinal cord based upon the sequential expression of vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and an intermediate filament-associated protein, IFAP-70/280kD. We report here the application of another intermediate filament-associated protein, IFAP-300kD, originally identified in BHK-21 cells, to the immunofluorescence study of radial glia in the developing rat spinal cord.Results showed that IFAP-300kD appeared very early in rat spinal cord development. In fact by embryonic day 13, IFAP-300kD immunoreactivity was already at its peak and was observed in most of the radial glia which span the spinal cord from the ventricular to the subpial surfaces (Fig. 1). Interestingly, from this time, IFAP-300kD immunoreactivity diminished rapidly in a dorsal to ventral manner, so that by embryonic day 16 it was detectable only in the maturing macroglial cells in the marginal zone of the spinal cord and the dorsal median septum (Fig. 2). By birth, the spinal cord was essentially immuno-negative for this IFAP. Thus, IFAP-300kD appears to be another differentiation marker available for future studies of gliogenesis, especially for the early stages of radial glia differentiation.

scholarly journals Glutamate Transporter GLAST Is Expressed in the Radial Glia–Astrocyte Lineage of Developing Mouse Spinal Cord

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9212-9219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Shibata ◽  
Keiko Yamada ◽  
Masahiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuhiro Ikenaka ◽  
Keiji Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Glutamate Transporter ◽  
Mouse Spinal Cord

Embryonic radial glia bridge spinal cord lesions and promote functional recovery following spinal cord injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Hasegawa ◽  
Yu-Wen Chang ◽  
Hedong Li ◽  
Yana Berlin ◽  
Osamu Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Cord Injury

Morphology and differentiation of radial glia in the developing rat spinal cord

2002 ◽  
Vol 454 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan S. McMahon ◽  
Kieran W. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Developing Rat

scholarly journals The Neuromodulator Adenosine Regulates Oligodendrocyte Migration at Motor Exit Point Transition Zones

Cell Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fontenas ◽  
Taylor G. Welsh ◽  
Melanie Piller ◽  
Patricia Coughenour ◽  
Avni V. Gandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exit Point ◽  
Transition Zones

scholarly journals Notch-regulated oligodendrocyte specification from radial glia in the spinal cord of zebrafish embryos

2008 ◽  
Vol 237 (8) ◽  
pp. 2081-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Kim ◽  
Jimann Shin ◽  
Suhyun Kim ◽  
Justin Poling ◽  
Hae-Chul Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos

scholarly journals Identification of ventrolateral intramedullary intervertebral disc herniation in a dog

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Kitagawa ◽  
Midori Okada ◽  
Kiichi Kanayama ◽  
Takeo Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Exit Point ◽  
First Case

A 10-year-old male cross-breed dog was brought to Nihon University Animal Hospital with a history of acute onset of paralysis in the pelvic limbs 13 days previously. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intramedullary linear tract in the spinal cord at the thoracic vertebrae 12–13 region, which appeared hyperintense on T2-weighted images, but was hypointense and isointense on T1-weighted images when compared with normal parenchyma of the spinal cord. A hemilaminectomy was performed and a blob of what appeared to be fibrous tissue was found adhering to the surface of the dura mater. The diameter of the blob was about 4 mm. A durotomy was performed over the affected area and chondroid material was found within the spinal cord. Material from the nucleus pulposus penetrated the dura mater from the ventral aspect of the spinal cord in previously reported intramedullary intervertebral disc herniation cases, but, in this case, penetration occurred from the left ventrolateral aspect and progressed through to the right lateral aspect, forming a visible blob of what appeared to be fibrous tissue on the surface of the dura mater at the exit point. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case report of an intramedullary intervertebral disc herniation originating from the ventrolateral aspect of the spinal cord in a dog.

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