scholarly journals The effect of traditional malting technology practiced by an ethnic community in northern Uganda on in-vitro nutrient bioavailability and consumer sensory preference for locally formulated complementary food formulae

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 2491-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Docus Alowo ◽  
Christopher Muggaga ◽  
Duncan Ongeng
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Nutrient Bioavailability ◽  
Sensory Preference

scholarly journals Processing of complementary food does not increase hair zinc levels and growth of infants in Kilosa district, rural Tanzania

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl K. Lachat ◽  
John H. Van Camp ◽  
Peter S. Mamiro ◽  
Francis Obuoro Wayua ◽  
Anne S. Opsomer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Food ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Rural Tanzania ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Zn Status ◽  
And Child Health

A community-based, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted from March 2001 to March 2002 in Kilosa, a rural district of Morogoro Region in Tanzania. One hundred and fifty-eight infants were selected randomly from lists of local Maternal and Child Health Care Centres and received either processed complementary food (PCF) or unprocessed complementary food (UPCF) from age 6 to 12 months. Processing increased Zn solubility and energy density of the porridge prepared from the complementary food (CF) as determined in vitro. Phytate:Zn molar ratio of the PCF and UPCF was 25·8 and 47·5, respectively. Under the study conditions, the processing of CF did not improve Zn status as measured by hair analysis. No significant correlations were found between hair Zn values and anthropometric measurements. Our findings suggest that processing alone of cereal-based CF may be insufficient to ensure an adequate supply of Zn to improve growth and Zn status of infants. Dietary modification to tackle Zn deficiencies in similar target groups may therefore only be successful when other Zn-rich foods such as meat and fish are included.

Particle degradation and nutrient bioavailability of soybean milk during in vitro digestion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Xu ◽  
Christos Ritzoulis ◽  
Jianzhong Han ◽  
Feifei Han ◽  
Weiping Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Soybean Milk ◽  
Nutrient Bioavailability

Use of White Beans instead of Red Beans May Improve Iron Bioavailability from a Tanzanian Complementary Food Mixture

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy G. Lung’aho ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Food Mixture

In the study presented, an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model was used to assess the amount of bioavailable iron from a modified Tanzanian complementary food formulation. The main objective of the study was to determine whether a change from red beans to white beans in the complementary food recipe would improve iron bioavailability from the mixture, as recent studies had indicated that iron bioavailability in white beans is significantly higher compared to that in the colored beans. The white beans had a significantly higher (p<0.0001) amount of ferritin formation (13.54 ng/mg) when compared to all other porridge ingredients including the red beans (2.3 ng/mg), and it is plausible that the complementary food formulated with the white beans may be superior to that formulated with the red beans, with reference to iron bioavailability. The results are important as they suggest that substitution of complementary food ingredients with high anti-nutrient concentrations with those that have lower anti-nutrient concentrations may improve iron bioavailability from complementary food home-recipes.

Malariological baseline survey and in vitro antimalarial drug resistance in Gulu district, Northern Uganda

2008 ◽  
Vol 120 (S4) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Prugger ◽  
Michael Engl ◽  
Martin Ogwang ◽  
Franz Ploner ◽  
Martin Ploner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Antimalarial Drug Resistance ◽  
Gulu District

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Quality Characteristics of Complementary Food from Whole Maize Fortified with Bambara Groundnut and Tiger Nut

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Obaroakpo Joy Ujiroghene ◽  
Iwanegbe Izuwa ◽  
Akenzua Jennifer
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Maize Flour ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mean Values

Complementary foods produced from formulation of whole maize flour (WMF), maize flour supplemented with bambara groundnut and tiger nut flour (MBTF), maize flour supplemented with bambara groundnut flour (MBF) and maize flour supplemented with tiger nut flour (MTF) were evaluated for their quality characteristics. The results obtained showed that MTF was the most acceptable in taste (4.40 ± 0.70), consistency (4.10 ± 1.10) and aroma (4.30 ± 0.67). In moisture and ash contents, WMF recorded the highest mean scores of 9.10 ± 0.12% and 5.05 ± 0.10% respectively. Compared with WMF, MBF and MBTF, MTF had the highest mean scores in carbohydrate (53.62 ± 0.75%) and crude fibre (6.04 ± 0.69%). However, crude protein content was reportedly higher in MBF (32.13 ± 1.22%), while MBTF recorded the highest mean score in fat content (14.13 ± 0.23%). The in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) and in vitro starch digestibility (IVSD) of the products were influenced by the inclusion of bambara groundnut flour; and the results showed that MBTF recorded the highest IVPD and IVSD at mean values of 73.00% and 70.50% respectively. The water absorption capacity of the products were relatively low; and is considered important for the transportation and extension of their shelf stability. The optimization of the protein digestibility and nutritional qualities of observed in the products indicated that bambara groundnuts and tiger nuts could find applications in a variety of complementary food products that are beneficial to infants; especially among rural dwellers and low-income individuals.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

In Vitro Induction of Crystals of MT Protein by Vinblastine-Colcemid in Mouse Spermatids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John J. Wolosewick ◽  
John H. D. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nuclear Ring ◽  
Rough Er ◽  
Distal Direction ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Early in spermiogenesis the manchette is rapidly assembled in a distal direction from the nuclear-ring-densities. The association of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the manchette microtubules (MTS) has been reported. In the mouse, osmophilic densities at the distal ends of the manchette are the organizing centers (MTOCS), and are associated with the SER. Rapid MT assembly and the lack of rough ER suggests that there is an existing pool of MT protein. Colcemid potentiates the reaction of vinblastine with tubulin and was used in this investigation to detect this protein.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Immunoenzymatic demonstration of the simultaneous presence of transferrin, hemopexin and albumin in a same hepatocyte and their ultrastructural localization

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-89
Author(s):  
M. Kraemer ◽  
J. Foucrier ◽  
J. Vassy ◽  
M.T. Chalumeau
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Monospecific Antisera ◽  
Different Levels

Some authors using immunofluorescent techniques had already suggested that some hepatocytes are able to synthetize several plasma proteins. In vitro studies on normal cells or on cells issued of murine hepatomas raise the same conclusion. These works could be indications of an hepatocyte functionnal non-specialization, meanwhile the authors never give direct topographic proofs suitable with this hypothesis.The use of immunoenzymatic techniques after obtention of monospecific antisera had seemed to us useful to bring forward a better knowledge of this problem. We have studied three carrier proteins (transferrin = Tf, hemopexin = Hx, albumin = Alb) operating at different levels in iron metabolism by demonstrating and localizing the adult rat hepatocytes involved in their synthesis.Immunological, histological and ultrastructural methods have been described in a previous work.

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