scholarly journals Developmental assessments during the first 5 years of life in infants fed breast milk, cow's milk formula, or soy formula

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3469-3478
Author(s):  
Jayne Bellando ◽  
Ginger McCorkle ◽  
Beverly Spray ◽  
Clark R. Sims ◽  
Thomas M. Badger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Developmental Assessments

Gastroduodenal Motility in Neonates: Response to Human Milk Compared With Cow's Milk Formula

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
T. Tomomasa ◽  
P. E. Hyman ◽  
K. Itoh ◽  
J. Y. Hsu ◽  
T. Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Gastroduodenal Motility

It is known that breast milk empties more quickly from the stomach than does infant formula. We studied the difference in gastroduodenal motility between neonates fed with human milk and those fed with infant formula. Twenty-four five-to 36-day-old neonates were fed with mother's breast milk or with a cow's milk-based formula. Postprandlial gastroduodenal contractions were recorded manometrically for three hours. Repetitive, high-amplitude nonmigrating contractions were the dominant wave form during the postprandial period. The number of episodes, duration, amplitude, and frequency of nonmigrating contractions were not different following the different feedings. The migrating myoelectric complex, which signals a return to the interdigestive (fasting) state, appeared in 75% of breast milk-fed infants but only 17% of formula-fed infants (P < .05) within the three-hour recording period. Because contractions were similar following the two meals, but a fasting state recurred more rapidly in breast-fed infants, we conclude that factors other than phasic, nonpropagated antroduodenal contractions were responsible for the differences in gastric emptying between breast milk and formula.

ETIOLOGIC FACTORS IN TETANY OF NEWLY BORN INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-240
Author(s):  
LYTT I. GARDNER ◽  
ELSIE A. MACLACHLAN ◽  
WALTER PICK ◽  
MARY L. TERRY ◽  
ALLAN M. BUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

Sixteen cases of neonatal tetany are reported, all of whom were fed cow's milk formulas. Relative to human milk, cow's milk has a low Ca:P ratio and increased total P concentration. These differences are accentuated in some commercial milks prepared for infant feeding. Cow's milk, even if diluted 2:1 with water, is an unphysiologic food for the human infant in the neonatal period, producing elevated serum P and decreased serum Ca and Mg levels. Increasing the Ca:P ratio of cow's milk to that of human milk or dilution 1:2 with water limits the abnormal changes in serum P, Ca and Mg concentrations referred to. A high P diet of an inadequately diluted cow's milk formula causes hypertrophy of the parathyroid glands of the newborn infant. The maximum renal P clearance of the human newborn infant in the first week of life appears to approximate 3500 ml./sq. m./24 hrs. Our observations indicate that when newborn infants are fed cow's milk formulas commonly used in this country limitation in parathyroid and renal function predisposes to tetany. The foregoing data emphasize the physiologic character of human milk for the newborn infant. If breast milk is unavailable, a suitable formula for the neonatal period appears to be cow's milk 1 part, water 2 parts, 10% carbohydrate and Ca-gluconate to produce a Ca:P ration approaching that of breast milk. The added water and Ca should then be gradually reduced.

scholarly journals INTESTINAL PROTEIN AND BLOOD LOSS IS INFANTS FED BREAST MILK, FORMULA, OR WHOLE COW'S MILK

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 215A-215A
Author(s):  
Daniel W Thomas ◽  
Kathryn M McGilligan ◽  
Lawrence D Eisenbers
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Intestinal Protein

scholarly journals Early Diet Exposure Differentially Alters the Microbiota and Metabolites in the Distal Colon of Piglets Fed Human Breast Milk or Formula (P20-037-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelin Matazel ◽  
Lauren Brink ◽  
Sree Chintapalli ◽  
Kelly Mercer ◽  
Brian Piccolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives Exclusive breast milk (HM) feeding has been shown to have better immune function than cow's milk formula (FM) feeding during infancy and childhood. We used a piglet model and demonstrated enhanced immune response in HM-fed piglets relative to cow's milk formula (FM) fed piglets. Microbiota likely drives this positive outcome therefore, utilization of this porcine model provides an opportunity to study the GI microbiota at specific time points under controlled dietary conditions. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to determine the microbial communities within the gastrointestinal tract of the piglet fed with HM or FM. Methods From postnatal day 2 through 21, Dutch landrace piglets were randomized and fed an isocaloric diet of HM (n = 11; Mother's Milk Bank; Fort Worth, TX) or FM (n = 11; Simulac Advance). On day 21, contents from the distal colon were collected and assessed for 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics was assessed by LC-MS. Data analyses were conducted using standardized pipelines (QIIME 1.9, R, and MetaboAnalyst version 4). Results No significant differences were observed in microbial alpha-diversity. However, we observed significant diet differences at phyla and genus taxonomic level in beta diversity (P = 0.008). Furthermore, we observed significantly higher abundance of Actinobacillus, Prevotella, Haemophilus, Campylobacter, Dorea, (P < 0.05) in HM-fed piglets in comparison to FM-fed piglets. In addition, HM-fed piglets were observed to have less Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Turicibacter (P < 0.05). Metabolite data analysis revealed ten compounds with significant differences between diet groups (P < 0.05). In the FM-fed piglets Raffinose, suberic acid, folic acid, adipic acid, 2-phenylacetamide and ergothioneine were significantly higher relative to HM-fed piglets. Glutamic acid however, was elevated in the HM fed piglets compared to FM-fed piglets. Conclusions Early exposure to different neonatal diets within a controlled environment leads to distinct differences in the beta-diversity and relative abundance of microbes and metabolites present within the distal colon of piglets. Future studies will examine the role of diet and its effects on bioregional areas of the GI tract and its impact on the immune system. Funding Sources Funding for this project was provided by the USDA-ARS Project 6026-51000-010-05S and NIHP20GM121293.

Developmental Status of 1-Year-Old Infants Fed Breast Milk, Cow's Milk Formula, or Soy Formula

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andres ◽  
M. A. Cleves ◽  
J. B. Bellando ◽  
R. T. Pivik ◽  
P. H. Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Developmental Status ◽  
Cow's Milk

Effects of milk and milk components on calcium, magnesium, and trace element absorption during infancy

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lonnerdal
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements

During early life, infants usually consume a diet that is heavily dominated by milk. It is generally believed that breast-fed infants absorb adequate quantities of minerals and trace elements, whereas there is some concern about how well infants can utilize these nutrients from cow's milk formula and other infant diets. Therefore, most infant formulas contain much higher concentrations of minerals and trace elements than those of breast milk. Our knowledge of how infants can utilize these nutrients from different diets is very limited. This paper critically reviews the effects of various components in breast milk, cow's milk, and infant formula and how they either facilitate or inhibit the absorption of minerals and trace elements. Particular emphasis is put on milk proteins such as lactoferrin, casein, and whey proteins, but phytate in soy formula is also discussed. Competition among minerals for absorptive pathways as well as other nutrient-nutrient interactions are considered in the context of infant nutrition. The difficulties involved in assessing mineral and trace element status in infants, as well as the potential consequences of suboptimal and excessive intakes of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and selenium are also discussed, particularly in the light of infant requirements.

scholarly journals Cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis after six months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Surya Jayanti Kadek ◽  
Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut ◽  
Karyana Putu Gede
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Study Population

Background About 60% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop their first manifestation during infancy. Cow’s milk (CM) exposure is considered to be a risk factor for AD.Objective To evaluate for an association between cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis in infants > 6 months of age.  Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of subjects from a previous study and new subjects recruited in order to meet the minimum required number of subjects. Our study population comprised 120 infants, born between 1 February and 30 November, 2012 in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Subjects were divided into CM and non-CM groups and analyzed for their risk of AD. Subjects were included to CM group if they were fed with cow’s milk/formula  and included to non-CM group if they were breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of life. Other possible risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled and analyzed (59 in the CM and 61 in the non-CM groups). The prevalence of AD was 30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between CM exposure and AD, with odds ratio (OR) 2.37 (95%CI 1.036 to 5.420; P=0.04). In addition, maternal diet including eggs and/or cow’s milk during the breastfeeding period was significantly associated with AD in infants (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.073 to 9.427; P=0.04).Conclusion Cow’s milk exposure is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis in infants  > six months of age. 

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