scholarly journals Flame spread measurements on wood products using the ASTM E 1321 LIFT apparatus and a reduced scale adaptation of the cone calorimeter

2009 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Merryweather ◽  
M. J. Spearpoint
Keyword(s):  
Flame Spread ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Scale Adaptation ◽  
Reduced Scale

Comparison of flame spread measurement using Cone Calorimeter and LIFT apparatus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Komiya ◽  
Kazunori Harada ◽  
Daisaku Nii ◽  
Ken Matsuyama ◽  
Koji Kagiya
Keyword(s):  
Flame Spread ◽  
Cone Calorimeter

Vertical flame spread and the cone calorimeter

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
P.H. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Flame Spread ◽  
Cone Calorimeter

scholarly journals FIRE TESTS ON WOOD PRODUCTS SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT HEAT FLUXES

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdas Mačiulaitis ◽  
Vladas Praniauskas
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Smoke Production

The paper analyses three different wood products used for research exposing them to the surface heat flow density of 30 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2 and 70 kW/m2 and applying the test method described in ISO 5660–1 Reaction‐to‐fire tests – Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat release rate (Cone calorimeter method). Research was performed applying 18 mm and 29 mm thick laminated wood chipboards and 24 mm thick medium density fibreboard. The paper provides an overview of the fire properties of wood products and discusses testing methods and the percentage composition of the tested wood products. Mean time to their ignition was determined. The mean values of the maximum heat release rate and time required to achieve them were investigated. Furthermore, the measurements of the released heat and efficient heat of combustion were taken. Further research covers the performance of statistic analysis, deriving empiric equations, correlation and determination coefficients, standard errors and Student criterion. The results of research are summarized. Conclusions are provided at the end of the paper. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinejami trys skirtingi medienos gaminiai, su kuriais atlikti tyrimai veikiant 30 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2bei 70 kW/m2 paviršiniais šilumos srautais taikant ISO 5660–1 “Reaction‐to‐fire tests – Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat release rate (Cone calorimeter method)” bandymo metoda. Tyrimai atlikti su 18 mm ir 29 mm storio laminuotomis medžio drožliu plokštemis bei 24 mm storio vidutinio tankio plaušo plokšte. Darbe apžvel‐giamos medienos gaminiu gaisrines savybes. Aptariama bandymo metodika ir tirtu medienos gaminiu procentine sudetis. Nustatytas vidutinis laikas iki ju užsidegimo. Ištirti vidutiniai maksimalios šilumos išsiskyrimo greičio ir laiko iki ju pasiekimo dydžiai, taip pat išmatuota visa išskirta šiluma ir efektyvi degimo šiluma. Atlikta statistine analize, gautos em‐pirines lygtys, koreliacijos bei determinacijos koeficientai, standartines paklaidos bei Stjudento kriterijai. Apibendrinami tyrimo rezultatai. Darbo pabaigoje suformuluojamos išvados.

Initial study of micronized zinc borate as flame retardant in Eucalyptus grandis from Uruguay

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (61) ◽  
pp. 3551-3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Camargo ◽  
Claudia M Ibañez
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Spread ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Zinc Borate ◽  
Fire Exposure ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

ABSTRACTZinc borate has long been used as a protector for wood products due to its fungicide, insecticide and flame retardant properties. In this initial study, its capacity as a flame retardant when applied to Eucalyptus grandis wood is evaluated; micronized zinc borate, synthesized from zinc oxide and boric acid in our laboratory was used. The methodology used in the study is the use of the Vandersall tunnel, which allowed analyzing parameters such as the flame spread, the carbonization index, the carbonization area and the wood weight loss. The results show a remarkable improvement in these parameters after the application of micronized zinc borate. For the longest fire exposure time, the percentage decrease of each evaluated parameter is, for tangential and radial plane respectively: 31.27-43.00% for flame spread, 36.66-40.86% for carbonization area, 33.01-52.49% for carbonization index and 19.86-57.80% for mass loss.

Experimental study of burning behaviors of intumescent coatings and nanoparticles applied on flaxboard

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Zhang ◽  
Michael Delichatsios ◽  
Maurice McKee ◽  
Sebastian Ukleja ◽  
Claudio Pagella
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Intumescent Coatings ◽  
Time To Ignition ◽  
The One ◽  
Reduced Scale

This article presents an experimental investigation of ignition and burning behaviors of intumescent coatings and nanoparticles applied on flaxboard using the cone calorimeter, single burning item (SBI) and reduced scale (one-third) ISO room. The effects of intumescent coatings and nanoparticles on time to ignition (TTI), mass loss rate (MLR), heat release rate (HRR), production of toxic gases (carbon monoxide and smoke) were investigated. The performance of intumescent coatings in under-ventilated condition was examined by performing tests in the one-third ISO room with reduced opening sizes. Results in the cone calorimeter and SBI indicated that (1) there is a substantial increase of TTI and decrease of MLR/HRR by intumescent coatings and (2) the addition of nanoparticles results in a further increase of TTI as well as a decrease of MLR/HRR owing to increased stability of the char. Tests in the one-third ISO room showed that although the intumescent coatings reduce the HRR the reduction is much less substantial than that in the cone calorimeter or SBI.

scholarly journals Flammability Characteristics of Animal Fibers: Single Breed Wools, Alpaca/Wool, and Llama/Wool Blends

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary L. Galaska ◽  
Larry D. Sqrow ◽  
J. Douglas Wolf ◽  
Alexander B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Spread ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Merino Wool ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Flammability Characteristics ◽  
Texture Structure

Animal protein-based fibers used in textiles often are assumed to have uniform properties independent of source, and yet are different when considering texture, structure, and color. Differences between fibers from animal species have been studied in regard to general flammability behavior, but differences between fibers from breeds of the same species have not been studied. Fibers from two sheep breeds (Jacob, CVM/Romeldale) and two camelids (Alpaca, Llama) were studied for flammability effects on fabrics hand knit from yarns made from these different fibers. A total of five different yarns were studied: 100% Jacob, 100% CVM/Romeldale, 100% Alpaca, 50% Llama/Merino wool, and 50% Alpaca/Merino wool. Flammability was studied with cone calorimeter, microcombustion calorimeter, and vertical flame spread techniques. The results from this limited study demonstrate that there are differences between fibers from different breeds and differences between species, but the differences cannot be easily explained on the basis of inherent heat release or chemistry of the fiber. Sometimes yarn density and the tightness of the knit have more of an effect on self-extinguishment in vertical flame spread tests than does fiber heat release/chemistry. Pure Alpaca fiber, however, displays self-extinguishing behavior and low heat release when subjected to combustion conditions. This may be related to the amount of sulfur in its chemical structure, and its ability to be spun into a yarn which yields a tighter hand-knit density.

A Procedure for Measuring Flame Spread Properties of Materials by Cone Calorimeter

2016 ◽  
pp. 587-595
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tarumoto ◽  
Junghoon Ji ◽  
Tsuneto Tsuchihashi ◽  
Kazunori Harada ◽  
Woon-Hyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Spread ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Properties Of Materials

WIDTH EFFECT ON A VERTICAL RPU FLAME SPREAD WITH A MIDDLE LINEAR IGNITION

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengze Zhao ◽  
Yongming Zhang ◽  
Yuanming Wang ◽  
Lanming Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Flame Spread ◽  
Width Effect
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