scholarly journals Adaptive and maladaptive expression plasticity underlying herbicide resistance in an agricultural weed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily B. Josephs ◽  
Megan L. Van Etten ◽  
Alex Harkess ◽  
Adrian Platts ◽  
Regina S. Baucom
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Weed

scholarly journals Gene expression shapes the patterns of parallel evolution of herbicide resistance in the agricultural weed Monochoria vaginalis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Tanigaki ◽  
Akira Uchino ◽  
Shigenori Okawa ◽  
Chikako Miura ◽  
Kenshiro Hamamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Agricultural Weed

scholarly journals Parallel and nonparallel genomic responses contribute to herbicide resistance in Ipomoea purpurea, a common agricultural weed

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e1008593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Van Etten ◽  
Kristin M. Lee ◽  
Shu-Mei Chang ◽  
Regina S. Baucom
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Ipomoea Purpurea ◽  
Agricultural Weed

scholarly journals Adaptive and maladaptive expression plasticity underlying herbicide resistance in an agricultural weed

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily B. Josephs ◽  
Megan L. Van Etten ◽  
Alex Harkess ◽  
Adrian Platts ◽  
Regina S. Baucom
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Agricultural Weed ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Plastic Responses

AbstractPlastic phenotypic responses to environmental change are common, yet we lack a clear understanding of the fitness consequences of these plastic responses. Here, we use the evolution of herbicide resistance in the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea) as a model for understanding the relative importance of adaptive and maladaptive gene expression responses to herbicide. Specifically, we compare leaf gene expression changes caused by herbicide spray to the expression changes that evolve in response to artificial selection for herbicide resistance. We identify a number of genes that show plastic and evolved responses to herbicide and find that for the majority of genes with both plastic and evolved responses, plastic responses appear to be adaptive. We also find that selection for herbicide response increases gene expression plasticity. Overall, these results show the importance of adaptive plasticity for herbicide resistance in a common weed and that expression changes in response to strong environmental change can be adaptive.

scholarly journals Repeated origins, gene flow, and allelic interactions of herbicide resistance mutations in a widespread agricultural weed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M Kreiner ◽  
George Sandler ◽  
Aaron J Stern ◽  
Patrick J. Tranel ◽  
Detlef Weigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Standing Variation ◽  
Agricultural Weed

Causal mutations and their frequency in nature are well-characterized for herbicide resistance. However, we still lack understanding of the extent of parallelism in the mutational origin of target-site resistance (TSR), the role of standing variation and gene flow in the spread of TSR variants, and allelic interactions that mediate their selective advantage. We addressed these questions with genomic data from 18 agricultural populations of Amaranthus tuberculatus, which we show to have undergone a massive expansion over the past century, with a contemporary Ne estimate of 8x107. We found nine TSR variants, three of which were common—showing extreme parallelism in mutational origin and an important role of gene flow in their geographic spread. The number of repeated origins varied across TSR loci and generally showed stronger signals of selection on de novo mutations, but with considerable evidence for selection on standing variation. Allele ages at TSR loci varied from ~10-250 years old, greatly predating the advent of herbicides. The evolutionary history of TSR has also been shaped by both intra- and inter-locus allelic interactions. We found evidence of haplotype competition between two TSR mutations, their successes in part modulated by either adaptive introgression of, or epistasis with, genome-wide resistance alleles. Together, this work reveals a remarkable example of spatial parallel evolution—the ability of independent mutations to spread due to selection contingent on not only the time, place, and background on which they arise but the haplotypes they encounter.

New Technologies to Combat Herbicide Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Rob Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
The Uk

Herbicide resistance in problem weeds is now a major threat to global food production, being particularly widespread in wild grasses affecting cereal crops. In the UK, black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) holds the title of number one agronomic problem in winter wheat, with the loss of production associated with herbicide resistance now estimated to cost the farming sector at least £0.5 billion p.a. Black-grass presents us with many of the characteristic traits of a problem weed; being highly competitive, genetically diverse and obligately out-crossing, with a growth habit that matches winter wheat. With the UK’s limited arable crop rotations and the reliance on the repeated use of a very limited range of selective herbicides we have been continuously performing a classic Darwinian selection for resistance traits in weeds that possess great genetic diversity and plasticity in their growth habits. The result has been inevitable; the steady rise of herbicide resistance across the UK, which now affects over 2.1 million hectares of some of our best arable land. Once the resistance genie is out of the bottle, it has proven difficult to prevent its establishment and spread. With the selective herbicide option being no longer effective, the options are to revert to cultural control; changing rotations and cover crops, manual rogueing of weeds, deep ploughing and chemical mulching with total herbicides such as glyphosate. While new precision weeding technologies are being developed, their cost and scalability in arable farming remains unproven. As an agricultural scientist who has spent a working lifetime researching selective weed control, we seem to be giving up on a technology that has been a foundation stone of the green revolution. For me it begs the question, are we really unable to use modern chemical and biological technology to counter resistance? I would argue the answer to that question is most patently no; solutions are around the corner if we choose to develop them.

scholarly journals Evolutionary epidemiology predicts the emergence of glyphosate resistance in a major agricultural weed

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 1584-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Comont ◽  
Helen Hicks ◽  
Laura Crook ◽  
Richard Hull ◽  
Elise Cocciantelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Evolutionary Epidemiology ◽  
Agricultural Weed

scholarly journals Fitness of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: Current Knowledge and Implications for Management

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vila-Aiub
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Fitness Cost ◽  
Plant Fitness ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Wide Range

Herbicide resistance is the ultimate evidence of the extraordinary capacity of weeds to evolve under stressful conditions. Despite the extraordinary plant fitness advantage endowed by herbicide resistance mutations in agroecosystems under herbicide selection, resistance mutations are predicted to exhibit an adaptation cost (i.e., fitness cost), relative to the susceptible wild-type, in herbicide untreated conditions. Fitness costs associated with herbicide resistance mutations are not universal and their expression depends on the particular mutation, genetic background, dominance of the fitness cost, and environmental conditions. The detrimental effects of herbicide resistance mutations on plant fitness may arise as a direct impact on fitness-related traits and/or coevolution with changes in other life history traits that ultimately may lead to fitness costs under particular ecological conditions. This brings the idea that a “lower adaptive value” of herbicide resistance mutations represents an opportunity for the design of resistance management practices that could minimize the evolution of herbicide resistance. It is evident that the challenge for weed management practices aiming to control, minimize, or even reverse the frequency of resistance mutations in the agricultural landscape is to “create” those agroecological conditions that could expose, exploit, and exacerbate those life history and/or fitness traits affecting the evolution of herbicide resistance mutations. Ideally, resistance management should implement a wide range of cultural practices leading to environmentally mediated fitness costs associated with herbicide resistance mutations.

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