scholarly journals A principal-component and least-squares method for allocating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment to multiple sources

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1119-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Burns ◽  
Paul J. Mankiewicz ◽  
A. Edward Bence ◽  
David S. Page ◽  
Keith R. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Potential source contributions and risk assessment of particulate-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in size-fractionated road-deposited sediments

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
P. Hua ◽  
P. Krebs
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Crankcase Oil ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

This study showcases the source apportionment of particulate-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (p-PAHs) with regard to particle size distribution in road-deposited sediment. The principal component analysis with a multiple linear regression receptor model was employed in PAHs quantitative source apportionment. Results show that two major contributors to sorption at the size fraction of 1000–400 μm were tentatively identified as vehicle emission (63.3%) and wood combustion (36.7%). Three major contributors to the size fraction of 400–100 μm were identified as coal combustion (65.4%), crankcase oil/vehicle emission (25.5%), and coal tar (9.1%). Three major contributors to the size fraction of 100–63 μm were identified as tire debris (67.3%), crankcase oil (15.0%), and coal tar (17.6%). The potential contributors in the size fraction 63–0.45 μm were identified as multiple sources (87.9%) and atmospheric deposition (12.1%). In addition, the highest ∑16PAHs concentration was found in the smallest size fraction of 63–0.45 μm, where the highest BaPE and TEF values also occurred.

scholarly journals Grill Workers Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Levels and Excretion Profiles of the Urinary Biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Marta Oliveira ◽  
Sílvia Capelas ◽  
Cristina Delerue-Matos ◽  
Simone Morais
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Urinary Biomarkers ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact

Grilling activities release large amounts of hazardous pollutants, but information on restaurant grill workers’ exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is almost inexistent. This study assessed the impact of grilling emissions on total workers’ exposure to PAHs by evaluating the concentrations of six urinary biomarkers of exposure (OHPAHs): naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene. Individual levels and excretion profiles of urinary OHPAHs were determined during working and nonworking periods. Urinary OHPAHs were quantified by high-performance liquid-chromatography with fluorescence detection. Levels of total OHPAHs (∑OHPAHs) were significantly increased (about nine times; p ≤ 0.001) during working comparatively with nonworking days. Urinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene + 1-hydroxyacenapthene and 2-hydroxyfluorene presented the highest increments (ca. 23- and 6-fold increase, respectively), followed by 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (ca. 2.3 times) and 1-hydroxypyrene (ca. 1.8 times). Additionally, 1-hydroxypyrene levels were higher than the benchmark, 0.5 µmol/mol creatinine, in 5% of exposed workers. Moreover, 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene, biomarker of exposure to carcinogenic PAHs, was detected in 13% of exposed workers. Individual excretion profiles showed a cumulative increase in ∑OHPAHs during consecutive working days. A principal component analysis model partially discriminated workers’ exposure during working and nonworking periods showing the impact of grilling activities. Urinary OHPAHs were increased in grill workers during working days.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Removal, and Mass Balance of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Northeast China

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Rashid Mohammed ◽  
Zi-Feng Zhang ◽  
Chao Jiang ◽  
Ying-Hua Hu ◽  
Li-Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Coal Composition

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 33 methylated PAHs (Me-PAHs), and 14 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) were measured in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to study the removal efficiency of these compounds through the WWTPs, as well as their source appointment and potential risk in the effluent. The concentrations of ∑PAHs, ∑Me-PAHs, and ∑NPAHs were 2.01–8.91, 23.0–102, and 6.21–171 µg/L in the influent, and 0.17–1.37, 0.06–0.41 and 0.01–2.41 µg/L in the effluent, respectively. Simple Treat 4.0 and meta-regression methods were applied to calculate the removal efficiencies (REs) for the 63 PAHs and their derivatives in 10 WWTPs and the results were compared with the monitoring data. Overall, the ranges of REs were 55.3–95.4% predicated by the Simple Treat and 47.5–97.7% by the meta-regression. The results by diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis PCA showed that “mixed source” biomass, coal composition, and petroleum could be recognized to either petrogenic or pyrogenic sources. The risk assessment of the effluent was also evaluated, indicating that seven carcinogenic PAHs, Benzo[a]pyrene, Dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and Benzo(a)anthracene were major contributors to the toxics equivalency concentrations (TEQs) in the effluent of WWTPs, to which attention should be paid.

Distributions and multiple sources of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the air over Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ohura ◽  
Takeshi Suhara ◽  
Yuta Kamiya ◽  
Fumikazu Ikemori ◽  
Shiho Kageyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Relationship between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments and Invertebrates of Natural and Artificial Stormwater Retention Ponds

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana A. Stephansen ◽  
Carlos A. Arias ◽  
Hans Brix ◽  
Morten L. Fejerskov ◽  
Asbjørn H. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Retention Ponds ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Stormwater Retention

Sediments and invertebrates were sampled from 9 stormwater retention ponds (SWRPs) and 11 natural, shallow lakes in Denmark. Samples were analyzed for 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The SWRPs received urban and highway runoff from various types of drainage areas and the lakes were located in areas of various land uses. Comparing PAHs in the sediments of the SWRPs and the lakes, it was found that levels of total PAH were similar in the two aquatic systems, with median values of 0.94 and 0.63 mg·(kg·DM)−1 in sediments of SWRPs and lakes, respectively. However, the SWRP sediments tended to have higher concentrations of high-molecular-weight PAHs than the lakes. A similar pattern was seen for PAHs accumulated in invertebrates where the median of total PAH was 2.8 and 2.1 mg·(kg·DM)−1 for SWRPs and lakes, respectively. Principal component analysis on the PAH distribution in the sediments and invertebrates showed that ponds receiving highway runoff clustered with lakes in forests and farmland. The same was the case for some of the ponds receiving runoff from residential areas. Overall, results showed that sediment PAH levels in all SWRPs receiving runoff from highways were similar to the levels found in some of the investigated natural, shallow lakes, as were the sediment PAH levels from some of the residential SWRPs. Furthermore, there was no systematic trend that one type of water body exceeded environmental quality standards (EQS) values more often than others. Together this indicates that at least some SWRPs can sustain an invertebrate ecosystem without the organisms experiencing higher bioaccumulation of PAHs then what is the case in shallow lakes of the same region.

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