scholarly journals The Role of Source‐sink Dynamics in the Assessment of Risk to Non‐target Arthropods from the Use of Plant Protection Products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Lewis ◽  
Axel Dinter ◽  
Charlotte Elston ◽  
Michael Thomas Marx ◽  
Christoph Julian Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Source Sink

scholarly journals Endophytic bacteria and plant immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Maksimov ◽  
M. Yu. Shein ◽  
R. M. Khairullin
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Development Strategy

Diseases annually cause significant crop losses and reduced quality of agricultural products. The development strategy of new environmentally friendly plant protection products should consider the role of the microbiome in host defense.

scholarly journals Blunting EU Regulation 1107/2009: following a regulation into a system of agricultural innovation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Payne-Gifford ◽  
C. S. Srinivasan ◽  
Peter Dorward
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
System Response ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
Electronic Survey

AbstractThis paper explores the role of regulation and legislation on influencing the development and diffusion of technologies and methods of crop production. To do this, the change in pesticide registration under European Regulation 1107/2009 ‘Placing Plant Protection Products on the Market’ was followed through the UK’s agricultural system of innovation. Fieldwork included: a series of interviews conducted with scientists, agronomists and industry organisations; a programme of visiting agricultural events; as well as sending an electronic survey to British potato growers. The innovation system is noted to have made the legislation less restrictive than originally proposed. The most notable system response to the legislation is the adjustment of agrochemical company pesticide discovery strategy and their expansion into biologically derived treatments. There have also been other innovation responses: agricultural seed companies have been breeding in pathogen resistance in their cultivars; agricultural consultancies are prepared to recommend pathogen-resistant seeds; scientists are using the change as justification for adopting their solutions; the agricultural levy boards funded research into off-label pesticide uses; and producers, potato growers in particular, have been seeking advice, but not changing their growing practices.

Role of submerged vegetation in the retention processes of three plant protection products in flow-through stream mesocosms

Chemosphere ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Stang ◽  
Matthias Valentin Wieczorek ◽  
Christian Noss ◽  
Andreas Lorke ◽  
Frank Scherr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Submerged Vegetation ◽  
Stream Mesocosms ◽  
Flow Through

scholarly journals IMPACT OF INSECTICIDES ON POLLINATOR POPULATIONS: ROLE OF PHYTOSANITARY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IN TOMATO CROPS

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leïla ALLAL BENFEKIH ◽  
Manel BELLACHE ◽  
Bilal AOUDIA ◽  
Abdelhaq MAHMOUDI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Phytosanitary Treatment ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Effective Product ◽  
Very High

Agrochemicals are considered to be among the major environmental threats to pollinators, including honey bees. At the time of foraging, bees are at risk of exposure to phytosanitary treatment as a result of widespread treatment and their location, often near orchards. In Algeria, the majority of farmers systematically over-treat their orchards in order to have good quality fruits for as long as possible towards the use of an effective product. We evaluated the comparative effects of lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad insecticide treatments on bees in tomato plots. Fluctuations of bee populations abundance were established during a 16 days period of exposure using yellow-colored plates with water placed every two days inside the experimental units. Bee populations showed very high sensitivity (0 individuals registered) to both insecticides at the homologated dose and even half dose during 10 days following application of the treatments. Depending on the estimated temporal toxicity of the respective products, differences in recovery of bee activity are presented. Consideration of indicators of the intensity of use of plant protection products is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of the Application Date of Fertilizer Containing Silicon and Potassium on the Yield and Technological Quality of Sugar Beet Roots

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Alicja Siuda
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Technological Quality

Water shortage and drought are a growing problem in Europe. Therefore, effective methods for limiting its effects are necessary. At the same time, the “field to fork” strategy adopted by the European Commission aims to achieve a significant reduction in the use of plant protection products and fertilizers in the European Union. In an experiment conducted in 2018–2020, the effect of the method of foliar fertilization containing silicon and potassium on the yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots was assessed. The fertilizer was used in seven combinations, differing in the number and time of application. The best results were obtained by treating plants during drought stress. The better soil moisture for the plants, the smaller the pure sugar yield increase was observed. It is difficult to clearly state which combination of silicon and potassium foliar application is optimal, as their effects do not differ greatly.

Measurements of the dermal exposure to bystanders from direct off‐crop drift during the application of plant protection products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J. Kuster ◽  
Nicola J. Hewitt ◽  
Clare Butler Ellis ◽  
Christian Timmermann ◽  
Thomas Anft
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Dermal Exposure

scholarly journals Field assessment of a pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system applying different spray volumes: duty cycle and forward speed effects on vines spray coverage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Grella ◽  
Fabrizio Gioelli ◽  
Paolo Marucco ◽  
Ingrid Zwertvaegher ◽  
Eric Mozzanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Spray System

AbstractThe pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system is the most advanced technology to obtain variable rate spray application without varying the operative sprayer parameters (e.g. spray pressure, nozzle size). According to the precision agriculture principles, PWM is the prime technology that allows to spray the required amount where needed without varying the droplet size spectra which benefits both the uniformity of spray quality and the spray drift reduction. However, some concerns related to the effect of on–off solenoid valves and the alternating on/off action of adjacent nozzles on final uneven spray coverage (SC) have arisen. Further evaluations of PWM systems used for spraying 3D crops under field conditions are welcomed. A tower-shaped airblast sprayer equipped with a PWM was tested in a vineyard. Twelve configurations, combining duty cycles (DC: 30, 50, 70, 100%) and forward speeds (FS: 4, 6, 8 km h−1), were tested. Two methodologies, namely field-standardized and real field conditions, were adopted to evaluate the effect of DC and FS on (1) SC variability (CV%) along both the sprayer travel direction and the vertical spray profile using long water sensitive papers (WSP), and (2) SC uniformity (IU, index value) within the canopy at different depths and heights, respectively. Furthermore, the SC (%) and deposit density (Nst, no stains cm−2), determined using short WSP, were used to evaluate the spray application performances taking into account the spray volumes applied. Under field-controlled conditions, the pulsing of the PWM system affects both the SC variability measured along the sprayer travel direction and along the vertical spray profile. In contrast, under real field conditions, the PWM system does not affect the uniformity of SC measured within the canopy. The relationship between SC and Nst allowed identification of the ranges of 200–250 and 300–370 l ha−1 as the most suitable spray volumes to be applied for insecticide and fungicide plant protection products, respectively.

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