scholarly journals Transfer kinetics of perfluorooctane sulfonate from water and sediment to a marine benthic fish, the marbled flounder ( Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae )

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 2009-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Sakurai ◽  
Jun Kobayashi ◽  
Kyoko Kinoshita ◽  
Nozomi Ito ◽  
Shigeko Serizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate ◽  
Benthic Fish ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Yokohamae ◽  
Kinetics Of

Respiratory uptake kinetics of neutral hydrophobic organic chemicals in a marine benthic fish, Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae

Chemosphere ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 1479-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kobayashi ◽  
Takeo Sakurai ◽  
Kaoruko Mizukawa ◽  
Kyoko Kinoshita ◽  
Nozomi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uptake Kinetics ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Benthic Fish ◽  
Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Yokohamae ◽  
Kinetics Of

Dietary uptake kinetics of polychlorinated biphenyls from sediment-contaminated sandworms in a marine benthic fish (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)

Chemosphere ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kobayashi ◽  
Kyoko Kinoshita ◽  
Kaoruko Mizukawa ◽  
Takeo Sakurai ◽  
Yoshitaka Imaizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Uptake Kinetics ◽  
Benthic Fish ◽  
Dietary Uptake ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Yokohamae ◽  
Kinetics Of

Partitioning of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) between water and sediment

Chemosphere ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Ahrens ◽  
Leo W.Y. Yeung ◽  
Sachi Taniyasu ◽  
Paul K.S. Lam ◽  
Nobuyoshi Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Perfluorooctane Sulfonamide

The Degradation Kinetics of an Ester of Silvex and the Persistence of Silvex in Water and Sediment

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Bailey ◽  
A. D. Thruston ◽  
J. D. Pope ◽  
D. R. Cochrane
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Reaction Rate Constants ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

The degradation kinetics of propylene glycol butyl ether (hereafter referred to as PGBE) ester of 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid (silvex) and the persistence of silvex in water and sediment were studied under impounded conditions. PGBE ester of silvex was applied to the surface of three ponds at the rate of 9 kg/ha/A. Water and sediment samples were collected at 4, 12, 24, and 48 hr after treatment and were extracted for PGBE ester of silvex immediately after collection. The concentrations of PGBE ester of silvex and silvex present in the water and sediment samples were determined by gas chromatography. Physico-chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the sediment samples collected prior to treatment were determined. The hydrolysis of PGBE ester of silvex to silvex obeyed first order reaction kinetics, the specific reaction rate constants for the three ponds being 0.09 hr−1, 0.10 hr−1, and 0.14 hr−1. Fifty percent hydrolysis of PGBE ester of silvex occurred in 5 to 8 hr, 90% hydrolysis occurred in 16 to 24 hr, and 99% hydrolysis occurred in 33 to 49 hr. The concentration of silvex in water initially increased, but decreased to zero by the end of 3 weeks. Adsorption of both the PGBE ester of silvex and silvex appeared to occur on the sediment; essentially complete disappearance of both occurred by the fifth week following treatment. Under laboratory conditions, silvex adsorption by the sediments conformed to the Freundlich adsorption equation.

Direct observations of radiation-enhanced transformations in glass

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
J. F. DeNatale ◽  
D. G. Howitt
Keyword(s):  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Oxygen Bubble ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Kinetics Of

The electron irradiation of silicate glasses containing metal cations produces various types of phase separation and decomposition which includes oxygen bubble formation at intermediate temperatures figure I. The kinetics of bubble formation are too rapid to be accounted for by oxygen diffusion but the behavior is consistent with a cation diffusion mechanism if the amount of oxygen in the bubble is not significantly different from that in the same volume of silicate glass. The formation of oxygen bubbles is often accompanied by precipitation of crystalline phases and/or amorphous phase decomposition in the regions between the bubbles and the detection of differences in oxygen concentration between the bubble and matrix by electron energy loss spectroscopy cannot be discerned (figure 2) even when the bubble occupies the majority of the foil depth.The oxygen bubbles are stable, even in the thin foils, months after irradiation and if van der Waals behavior of the interior gas is assumed an oxygen pressure of about 4000 atmospheres must be sustained for a 100 bubble if the surface tension with the glass matrix is to balance against it at intermediate temperatures.

Irradiation behavior of pyrolytic silicon carbide

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
R. J. Lauf
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽  
Neutron Fluences ◽  
Fuel Particles ◽  
Sic Coatings ◽  
Irradiation Behavior ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Htgr Fuel

Fuel particles for the High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) contain a layer of pyrolytic silicon carbide to act as a miniature pressure vessel and primary fission product barrier. Optimization of the SiC with respect to fuel performance involves four areas of study: (a) characterization of as-deposited SiC coatings; (b) thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions between SiC and fission products; (c) irradiation behavior of SiC in the absence of fission products; and (d) combined effects of irradiation and fission products. This paper reports the behavior of SiC deposited on inert microspheres and irradiated to fast neutron fluences typical of HTGR fuel at end-of-life.

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