Runoff generation and sediment yield on homogeneous dune slopes: scale effect and implications for analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (13) ◽  
pp. 1809-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giora J. Kidron
Keyword(s):  
Scale Effect ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Runoff Generation

Evaluation of AnnAGNPS in cold and temperate regions

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Das ◽  
R.P. Rudra ◽  
P.K. Goel ◽  
B. Gharabaghi ◽  
N. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Sediment Component ◽  
Selection Of

Identification of the pollution sources and understanding the processes related to runoff generation and pollution transportation is effective for the water quality management and selection of the Best Management Practices. The ANNualized AGricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) model was applied to a watershed in Southern Ontario to evaluate the hydrology and sediment component from the non-point sources. The model was run for two years (1998 to 1999); one year's data was used to calibrate and the second year's data was used for validation purposes. The model has under predicted runoff amount and over predicted the sediment yield. However, the simulated runoff and sediment yield compared fairly well with the observed data indicating that the model had an acceptable performance in simulation of runoff and sediment. The study is still in progress to assess its performance for estimation of TMDL and improvements needed for the model to use under Ontario conditions.

scholarly journals Hydrology, River Regimes, and Sediment Yield

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Thornes ◽  
Jamie Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Catchment Hydrology ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Spring Runoff ◽  
The Mediterranean

In comparison to the rest of Europe, Africa, and Asia, most rivers arising and flowing within the Mediterranean watershed typically drain small catchments with mountainous headwaters. The hydrology of Mediterranean catchments is strongly influenced by the seasonal distribution of precipitation, catchment geology, vegetation type and extent, and the geomorphology of the slope and channel systems. It is important to appreciate, as the preceding chapters have shown, that the area draining to the Mediterranean Sea is large and enormously variable in terms of the key controls on catchment hydrology outlined above, and it is therefore not possible to define, in hydrological terms, a strict single Mediterranean river type. However, river regimes across the basin do have a marked seasonality that is largely controlled by the climate system (Chapter 3) and, in most basins, the dominant flows occur in winter—but autumn and spring runoff is also important in many areas. These patterns reflect the general water balance of the basin as a whole, but there are key geographical patterns in catchment hydrology and sediment yield and a marked contrast is evident between the more humid north and the semi-arid south and east (Struglia et al. 2004; Chapter 21). Also, because of the long history of vegetation and hillslope modification by human activity and the more recent and widespread implementation of water resource management projects, there are almost no natural river regimes in the Mediterranean region, especially in the middle and lower reaches of river catchments (Cudennec et al. 2007). Runoff generation on hillslopes in the Mediterranean is very closely related to rainfall intensities and land surface properties as discussed in Chapter 6. While this is probably true of most catchments, runoff generation in the Mediterranean is very sensitive to vegetation cover because of the seasonal dynamics of rainfall and the role played by extreme events. The cumulative effect of these characteristics is a specific set of management problems and restoration issues and, although these are rather different in the various socio-political regimes of the region, it can be argued that they are in many ways unique to Mediterranean catchments.

scholarly journals Tillage Impacts on Initial Soil Erosion in Wheat and Sainfoin Fields under Simulated Extreme Rainfall Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 789
Author(s):  
Tugrul Yakupoglu ◽  
Recep Gundogan ◽  
Turgay Dindaroglu ◽  
Kadir Kusvuran ◽  
Veysel Gokmen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Water Losses

The main aim of this research was to determine the potential effects of different tillage systems (TT: traditional tillage and RT: reduced tillage) on runoff and erosion at two different locations (Kahramanmaras and Tarsus, Southern Turkey) under (i) fallow, (ii) wheat (Triticumaestivum L.), and (iii) sainfoin (Onobrychissativa L.) crops. Rainfall simulations with intensity of 120 mm h−1 and 30-min duration, representing a typical extreme thunderstorm in this area, were used. We quantified the elapsed time to runoff generation (ET), total runoff volume (R), soil loss (SL), sediment concentration (SC), and runoff coefficient (RC). At both locations, the fallow plots indicated the first runoff response ranging between 1.2 and 3.1 min, while the range was between 9.4 and 8.9 min for the sainfoin plots. The highest runoff coefficient was recorded for the fallow parcel in Tarsus (57.7%), and the lowest runoff coefficient was recorded for the sainfoin parcel in Kahramanmaras (4%). For both study sites, the fallow plots showed higher soil erosion rates (871 and 29.21 g m−2) compared with the wheat plots (307 and 11.25 g m−2), while sainfoin recorded the lowest soil losses (93.68 and 3.45 g m−2), for Tarsus and Kahramanmaras, respectively. Runoff and sediment yield generated from sainfoin and wheat parcels under the RT system were less than under the TT system at the Kahramanmaras location. At the Tarsus location, the effect of soil tillage on soil and water losses was insignificant on the sainfoin planted plots. The reduced tillage system was successful in reducing sediment yield and runoff generated from parcels growing wheat and sainfoin compared to traditional tillage in Tarsus location, but runoff and soil loss were found to be very high compared to parcels constructed in the Kahramanmaras location.

scholarly journals Role of rock fragment cover on runoff generation and sediment yield in tilled vineyards

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rodrigo-Comino ◽  
A. García-Díaz ◽  
E. C. Brevik ◽  
S. D. Keestra ◽  
P. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Rock Fragment ◽  
Runoff Generation
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