A geomatics-based approach for the derivation of the spatial distribution of sediment transport processes in periglacial mountain environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (14) ◽  
pp. 2255-2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bartsch ◽  
M. Gude ◽  
S. D. Gurney
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Mountain Environments

scholarly journals Identifying sediment transport mechanisms from grain size-shape distributions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Albert van Hateren ◽  
Unze van Buuren ◽  
Sebastiaan Martinus Arens ◽  
Ronald Theodorus van Balen ◽  
Maarten Arnoud Prins
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Aeolian Transport ◽  
Transport Mode

Abstract. The way in which sediment is transported (creep, saltation, suspension), is traditionally interpreted from grain size distribution characteristics. However, the grain size range associated with transitions from one transport mode to the other is highly variable because it depends on the amount of transport energy available. In this study we present a novel methodology for determination of the sediment transport mode based on grain size and shape data from dynamic image analysis. The data are integrated into grain size-shape distributions and primary components are determined using end-member modelling. In real-world datasets, primary components can be interpreted in terms of different transport mechanisms and/or sediment sources. Accuracy of the method is assessed using artificial datasets with known primary components that are mixed in known proportions. The results show that the proposed technique accurately identifies primary components with the exception of those primary components that only form minor contributions to the samples (highly mixed components). The new method is also tested on sediment samples from an active aeolian system in the Dutch coastal dunes. Aeolian transport processes and geomorphology of these type of systems are well known and can therefore be linked to the spatial distribution of end members to assess the physical significance of the method's output. The grain size-shape distributions of the dune dataset are unmixed into three primary components. The spatial distribution of these components is constrained by geomorphology and reflects the three dominant aeolian transport processes known to occur along a beach-dune transect: bedload on the beach and in notches that were dug by man through the shore-parallel foredune ridge, modified saltation on the windward and leeward slope of the intact foredune, and suspension in the vegetated hinterland. The three transport modes are characterised by distinctly different trends in grain shape with grain size: with increasing size, bedload shows a constant grain regularity, modified saltation a minor decrease in grain regularity and suspension a strong decrease in grain regularity. These trends, or in other words, the shape of the grain size-shape distributions, can be used to determine the transport mode responsible for a sediment deposit. Results of the method are therefore less ambiguous than those of traditional grain-size distribution end-member modelling, especially if multiple transport modes occur or if primary components overlap in terms of grain size but differ in grain shape.

scholarly journals Identifying sediment transport mechanisms from grain size–shape distributions, applied to aeolian sediments

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-553
Author(s):  
Johannes Albert van Hateren ◽  
Unze van Buuren ◽  
Sebastiaan Martinus Arens ◽  
Ronald Theodorus van Balen ◽  
Maarten Arnoud Prins
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Aeolian Transport ◽  
Transport Mode

Abstract. The way in which sediment is transported (creep, saltation, suspension), is traditionally interpreted from grain size distribution characteristics. However, the grain size range associated with transitions from one transport mode to the other is highly variable because it depends on the amount of transport energy available. In this study we present a novel methodology for determination of the sediment transport mode based on grain size and shape data from dynamic image analysis. The data are integrated into grain size–shape distributions, and primary components are determined using endmember modelling. In real-world datasets, primary components can be interpreted in terms of different transport mechanisms and/or sediment sources. Accuracy of the method is assessed using artificial datasets with known primary components that are mixed in known proportions. The results show that the proposed technique accurately identifies primary components, with the exception of those primary components that only form minor contributions to the samples (highly mixed components). The new method is tested on sediment samples from an active aeolian system in the Dutch coastal dunes. Aeolian transport processes and geomorphology of these type of systems are well known and can therefore be linked to the spatial distribution of endmembers to assess the physical significance of the method's output. The grain size–shape distributions of the aeolian dune dataset are unmixed into three primary components. The spatial distribution of these components is constrained by geomorphology and reflects the three dominant aeolian transport processes known to occur along a beach–dune transect: bedload on the beach and in notches that were dug by man through the shore-parallel foredune ridge, modified saltation on the windward and leeward slope of the intact foredune, and suspension in the vegetated hinterland. The three transport modes are characterised by distinctly different trends in grain shape with grain size: with increasing size, bedload shows a constant grain regularity, modified saltation a minor decrease in grain regularity, and suspension a strong decrease in grain regularity. These trends, or in other words, the shape of the grain size–shape distributions, can be used to determine the transport mode responsible for an aeolian sediment deposit. Results of the method are therefore less ambiguous than those of traditional grain size distribution endmember modelling, especially if multiple transport modes occur or if primary components overlap in terms of grain size but differ in grain shape.

scholarly journals On integrated sediment transport modelling for flash events in mountain environments

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Radice ◽  
Elisa Giorgetti ◽  
Davide Brambilla ◽  
Laura Longoni ◽  
Monica Papini
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Modelling ◽  
Mountain Environments ◽  
Sediment Transport Modelling

scholarly journals Sediment transport processes across the Tibetan Plateau inferred from robust grain-size end members in lake sediments

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dietze ◽  
F. Maussion ◽  
M. Ahlborn ◽  
B. Diekmann ◽  
K. Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Northerly Wind ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
End Members

Abstract. Grain-size distributions offer powerful proxies of past environmental conditions that are related to sediment sorting processes. However, they are often of multimodal character because sediments can get mixed during deposition. To facilitate the use of grain size as palaeoenvironmental proxy, this study aims to distinguish the main detrital processes that contribute to lacustrine sedimentation across the Tibetan Plateau using grain-size end-member modelling analysis. Between three and five robust grain-size end-member subpopulations were distinguished at different sites from similarly–likely end-member model runs. Their main modes were grouped and linked to common sediment transport and depositional processes that can be associated with contemporary Tibetan climate (precipitation patterns and lake ice phenology, gridded wind and shear stress data from the High Asia Reanalysis) and local catchment configurations. The coarse sands and clays with grain-size modes >250 μm and <2 μm were probably transported by fluvial processes. Aeolian sands (~200 μm) and coarse local dust (~60 μm), transported by saltation and in near-surface suspension clouds, are probably related to occasional westerly storms in winter and spring. Coarse regional dust with modes ~25 μm may derive from near-by sources that keep in longer term suspension. The continuous background dust is differentiated into two robust end members (modes: 5–10 and 2–5 μm) that may represent different sources, wind directions and/or sediment trapping dynamics from long-range, upper-level westerly and episodic northerly wind transport. According to this study grain-size end members of only fluvial origin contribute small amounts to mean Tibetan lake sedimentation (19± 5%), whereas local to regional aeolian transport and background dust deposition dominate the clastic sedimentation in Tibetan lakes (contributions: 42 ± 14% and 51 ± 11%). However, fluvial and alluvial reworking of aeolian material from nearby slopes during summer seems to limit end-member interpretation and should be crosschecked with other proxy information. If not considered as a stand-alone proxy, a high transferability to other regions and sediment archives allows helpful reconstructions of past sedimentation history.

scholarly journals Application of a 3D Layer Integrated Numerical Model of Flow and Sediment Transport Processes to a Reservoir

Water ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 5239-5257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Faghihirad ◽  
Binliang Lin ◽  
Roger Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Flow And Sediment Transport

Studies of fine-grained sediment transport processes and products in the California Continental Borderland

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Gorsline ◽  
R. L. Kolpack ◽  
H. A. Karl ◽  
D. E. Drake ◽  
S. E. Thornton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
California Continental Borderland
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