Associations between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Eating Disorders by Gender: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Brewerton ◽  
Alexis E. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey Replication ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey

scholarly journals Review of literature of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with comorbid eating disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Palazzo Nazar ◽  
Camilla Moreira de Sousa Pinna ◽  
Gabriel Coutinho ◽  
Daniel Segenreich ◽  
Monica Duchesne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

OBJECTIVE: According to studies of prevalence, up to 70% of adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder have at least one psychiatric comorbidity, which leads to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties as well as more severe functional impairment. There is a paucity of data on the comorbidity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders. The objective of this study was to review the literature regarding the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder/eating disorders comorbidity, performing a critical analysis of relevant data. METHOD: Articles in Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, ISI and PsycINFO databases from 1980 up to 2008, were searched. The references from the articles were used as additional sources of data. RESULTS: Fourteen articles were found: five prevalence studies, four case reports, three case-control studies, one symptom-assessment study of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders, and one article regarding possible causes of the association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders. These articles suggested that adult women with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are at higher risk of developing eating disorders, especially bulimia nervosa. Bulimia Nervosa rates found in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder groups ranged from 1% to 12%, versus 0% to 2% in control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although there seems to be a relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders, the reduced number of studies available, with various methodologies, and small sample sizes limit the generalization of the findings.

scholarly journals Investigating gender-specific effects of familial risk for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders in the Swedish population

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Martin ◽  
Laura Ghirardi ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Catharina A. Hartman ◽  
Mina A. Rosenqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Genetic Risks ◽  
Gender Specific

Background Many psychiatric disorders show gender differences in prevalence. Recent studies suggest that female patients diagnosed with anxiety and depression carry more genetic risks related to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with affected males. Aims In this register-based study, we aimed to test whether female patients who received clinical diagnoses of anxiety, depressive, bipolar and eating disorders are at higher familial risk for ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders, compared with diagnosed male patients. Method We analysed data from a record-linkage of several Swedish national registers, including 151 025 sibling pairs from 103 941 unique index individuals diagnosed with anxiety, depressive, bipolar or eating disorders, as well as data from 646 948 cousin pairs. We compared the likelihood of having a relative diagnosed with ADHD/neurodevelopmental disorders in index males and females. Results Female patients with anxiety disorders were more likely than affected males to have a brother with ADHD (odd ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95% CI 1.05–1.22). Results for broader neurodevelopmental disorders were similar and were driven by ADHD diagnoses. Follow-up analyses revealed similar point estimates for several categories of anxiety disorders, with the strongest effect observed for agoraphobia (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.12–2.39). No significant associations were found in individuals with depressive, bipolar or eating disorders, or in cousins. Conclusions These results provide modest support for the possibility that familial/genetic risks for ADHD may show gender-specific phenotypic expression. Alternatively, there could be gender-specific biases in diagnoses of anxiety and ADHD. These factors could play a small role in the observed gender differences in prevalence of ADHD and anxiety.

From Childhood into Adulthood: The Changing Face of ADHD

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S23) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenard A. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
National Comorbidity Survey ◽  
Adolescent Patients

How common is attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and does the prevalence change from adolescence to adulthood?A number of studies have reviewed the persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood into adolescence and adulthood as well as how the disorder changes over the lifespan of the illness. Recently, a metaanalysis found that the worldwide prevalence of childhood ADHD is ∼8%, and approximately two thirds of children with ADHD continue to have the disorder as adults. The National Comorbidity Survey is possibly the most comprehensive, up-to-date study examining the prevalence of community-based prevalence of adult ADHD; 4.4% of patients in that study were found to have ADHD. The prevalence of ADHD among adolescent patients seems to lie somewhere between the prevalence rates for children and adults.

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