Structural performance assessment under near-source pulse-like ground motions using advanced ground motion intensity measures

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polsak Tothong ◽  
C. Allin Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Intensity Measures

A spectral-acceleration-based combination-type earthquake intensity measure for high-rise stack-like structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1350-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yikun Qiu ◽  
Changdong Zhou ◽  
Siha A ◽  
Guangwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Intensity Measure ◽  
Earthquake Intensity ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Higher Modes ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Period Elongation

Ground motion intensity measures are of great importance for the seismic design of structures. A well-chosen intensity measure will reduce the detailed ground motion record selection effort for the nonlinear dynamic structural analyses. In this article, a spectral-acceleration-based combination-type earthquake intensity measure is presented. This intensity measure considers the higher modes effect and period elongation effect due to nonlinear deformation at the same time. The modal mass participation factors are determined to take weighting coefficients and the product of elastic first-mode period T1 and a constant C is expressed to represent the elongated period. Therefore, the proposed intensity measure is a combination of earthquake ground motion characteristics, elastic structural responses, higher modes participation, and the period elongation effect due to inelastic structural behaviors. Four three-dimensional models of reinforced concrete stack-like structures including a 240 m-high chimney, a 180 m-high chimney, a 120 m-high chimney, and a 42.3 m-high water tower are established and analyzed in ABAQUS to investigate the correlation between the intensity measure and the maximum curvatures under 44 far-field ground motions and 28 near-fault ground motions with a pulse-like effect. With the optimal vibration modes and the proper period elongation coefficient, the efficiency of the introduced intensity measure is compared with the other 15 intensity measures. The results indicate that the proposed intensity measure is believed to be a good choice for high-rise stack-like structures, especially under the near-fault ground motions with pulse-like effect.

Ground Motion Intensity Measures for Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Kramer ◽  
Robert A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Excess Pore Pressure ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Peak Acceleration ◽  
Intensity Measure ◽  
Arias Intensity ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Liquefaction Hazard

The requirements of performance-based earthquake engineering place increasing importance on the optimal characterization of earthquake ground motions. With respect to liquefaction hazard evaluation, ground motions have historically been characterized by a combination of peak acceleration and earthquake magnitude, and more recently by Arias intensity. This paper introduces a new ground motion intensity measure, CAV5, and shows that excess pore pressure generation in potentially liquefiable soils is considerably more closely related to CAV5 than to other intensity measures, including peak acceleration and Arias intensity. CAV5 is shown to be an efficient, sufficient, and predictable intensity measure for rock motions used as input to liquefaction hazard evaluations. An attenuation relationship for CAV5 is presented and used in an example that illustrates the benefits of scaling bedrock motions to a particular value of CAV5, rather than to the historical intensity measures, for performance-based evaluation of liquefaction hazards.

Quantifying nuisance ground motion thresholds for induced earthquakes

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302098802
Author(s):  
Ryan Schultz ◽  
Vince Quitoriano ◽  
David J Wald ◽  
Gregory C Beroza
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Induced Earthquakes ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Damage States

Hazards from induced earthquakes are a growing concern with a need for effective management. One aspect of that concern is the “nuisance” from unexpected ground motions, which have the potential to cause public alarm and discontent. In this article, we borrow earthquake engineering concepts to quantify the chance of building damage states and adapt them to quantify felt thresholds for induced earthquakes in the Central and Eastern United States. We compare binary data of felt or not-felt reports from the “Did You Feel It” database with ShakeMap ground motion intensity measures (IM) for ∼360 earthquakes. We use a Monte Carlo logistic regression to discern the likelihood of perceiving various degrees of felt intensity, given a particular IM. These best-fit nuisance functions are reported in this article and are readily transferable. Of the shaking types considered, we find that peak ground velocity tends to be the best predictor of a felt earthquake. We also find that felt thresholds tended to decrease with increasing earthquake magnitude, after M ∼3.9. We interpret this effect as related to the duration of the event, where events smaller than M 3.9 are perceived as “impulsive” to the human senses. Improved quantification of the nuisance from induced earthquake ground motions could be utilized in management of the public perception of their causal operations. Although aimed at anthropogenic earthquakes, thresholds we derive could be useful in other realms, such as establishing best practices and protocols for earthquake early warning.

Evaluation of Intensity Measures for Pulse-Like Ground Motions

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 4350-4355
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Kai Liang Chen ◽  
Lian Heng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Nonlinear Deformation ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Constant Strength ◽  
Dynamic Time

The correlation between intensity measures (IM) for pulse-like ground motions and nonlinear deformation demand of single-degree-freedom-systems (SDOF) is researched, and the efficiency of IM is described. Based on dynamic time analysis of SDOF systems subjected to 72 pulse-like ground motions, the present study investigates the variation of the correlation coefficient between IM for pulse-like ground motions and maximum nonlinear deformation demand of SDOF with the constant-ductility or constant strength system setting. Linear regression analyses are performed on these results to identify the efficiency of peak ground velocity (PGV) and spectral acceleration Sa(T1), which is used as IM for pulse-like ground motion. The study shows that IM of pulse-like ground motions depend distinctly on the system period, ductility levels and strength reduction factors have important influence on the correlation and dispersion, and Sa(T1) and PGV are relatively the good IM for pulse-like ground motion.

Structure-Specific Scalar Intensity Measures for Near-Source and Ordinary Earthquake Ground Motions

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Luco ◽  
C. Allin Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motions ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motions ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Earthquake Records ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Analyses ◽  
A Site

Introduced in this paper are several alternative ground-motion intensity measures ( IMs) that are intended for use in assessing the seismic performance of a structure at a site susceptible to near-source and/or ordinary ground motions. A comparison of such IMs is facilitated by defining the “efficiency” and “sufficiency” of an IM, both of which are criteria necessary for ensuring the accuracy of the structural performance assessment. The efficiency and sufficiency of each alternative IM, which are quantified via (i) nonlinear dynamic analyses of the structure under a suite of earthquake records and (ii) linear regression analysis, are demonstrated for the drift response of three different moderate- to long-period buildings subjected to suites of ordinary and of near-source earthquake records. One of the alternative IMs in particular is found to be relatively efficient and sufficient for the range of buildings considered and for both the near-source and ordinary ground motions.

Quantification of the Influence of Deep Basin Effects on Structural Collapse Using SCEC CyberShake Earthquake Ground Motion Simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1845-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Bijelić ◽  
Ting Lin ◽  
Gregory G. Deierlein
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Structural Collapse ◽  
Deep Basin ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Significant Duration ◽  
Basin Effects

This paper examines the effects of earthquake ground motions in deep sedimentary basins on structural collapse risk using physics-based earthquake simulations of the Los Angeles basin developed through the Southern California Earthquake Center's CyberShake project. Distinctive waveform characteristics of deep basin seismograms are used to classify the ground motions into several archetype groups, and the damaging influence of the basin effects are evaluated by comparing nonlinear structural responses under spectrum and significant duration equivalent basin and nonbasin ground motions. The deep basin ground motions are observed to have longer period-dependent durations and larger sustained spectral intensities than nonbasin motions for vibration periods longer than about 1.5 s, which can increase structural collapse risk by up to 20% in ground motions with otherwise comparable peak spectral accelerations and significant durations. Two new metrics are proposed to quantify period-dependent duration effects that are not otherwise captured by conventional ground motion intensity measures. The proposed sustained amplitude response spectra and significant duration spectra show promise for characterizing the damaging effects of long duration features of basin ground motions on buildings and other structures.

Engineering Characteristics of Ground Motions Recorded in the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Kamran Ahdi ◽  
Silvia Mazzoni ◽  
Tadahiro Kishida ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Chukwuebuka C. Nweke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Inelastic Response ◽  
Motion Models

ABSTRACT We present a database and analyze ground motions recorded during three events that occurred as part of the July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence: a moment magnitude (M) 6.5 foreshock on a left-lateral cross fault in the Salt Wells Valley fault zone, an M 5.5 foreshock in the Paxton Ranch fault zone, and the M 7.1 mainshock, also occurring in the Paxton Ranch fault zone. We collected and uniformly processed 1483 three-component recordings from an array of 824 sensors spanning 10 seismographic networks. We developed site metadata using available data and multiple models for the time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 m (VS30) and for basin depth terms. We processed ground motions using Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) procedures and computed intensity measures including spectral acceleration at a number of oscillator periods and inelastic response spectra. We compared elastic and inelastic response spectra to seismic design spectra in building codes to evaluate the damage potential of the ground motions at spatially distributed sites. Residuals of the observed spectral accelerations relative to the NGA-West2 ground-motion models (GMMs) show good average agreement between observations and model predictions (event terms between about −0.3 and 0.5 for peak ground acceleration to 5 s). The average attenuation with distance is also well captured by the empirical NGA-West2 GMMs, although azimuthal variations in attenuation were observed that are not captured by the GMMs. An analysis considering directivity and fault-slip heterogeneity for the M 7.1 event demonstrates that the dispersion in the near-source ground-motion residuals can be reduced.

An updated database for ground motion parameters for KiK-net records

2020 ◽  
pp. 875529302095244
Author(s):  
Mahdi Bahrampouri ◽  
Adrian Rodriguez-Marek ◽  
Shrey Shahi ◽  
Haitham Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Automated Algorithm ◽  
Finite Fault ◽  
Source Models ◽  
Rupture Distance ◽  
Fault Source

This article presents a database of ground motions parameters for earthquakes recorded in Japan by the Kiban Kyoshin network (KiK-net). The database includes all earthquakes in the KiK-net website with magnitude larger than three and recorded between 1996 and the end of 2017. In addition to the information KiK-net provides for each event, we have enriched the database using moment tensor solutions provided by the F-net website and, when available, finite-fault source models from the literature. Various distance measures are computed for each ground motion, including estimates of rupture distance for sufficiently large events, including those with finite-fault source models. Each ground motion is processed using an automated algorithm. Several intensity measures (i.e. spectral acceleration, smoothed and down-sampled Fourier amplitude, Arias intensity, and duration measures) of the processed ground motions are presented in the database. Intensity measures are computed both for surface and borehole records. Finally, the database includes parameters for the recording sites based on shear wave velocity profiles provided by KiK-net.

scholarly journals Analysis of correlation between structural response and ground motion intensity measures.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Anwar Aquib ◽  
Jayalakshmi Sivasubramonian ◽  
Paul Martin Mai
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engineering Demand Parameters

<p>Loss estimation for buildings that experienced earthquake shaking is an important step in Performance Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE), comprising four major components – seismic hazard, building response, probability of damage, and the costs incurred in losses and repair works. The implementation of PBEE strongly depends on the ability to predict Engineering Demand Parameters (EDPs) that are usually defined in terms of maximum story drifts, plastic hinge rotations, and floor accelerations.</p><p>In this study, we compute building responses for large sets of recorded ground motions considering frames with different natural periods (0.1-1.5s). The ground motion data used in our analysis comprise near field records from moderate-to-large earthquakes; these may generate shaking levels high enough to be of concern for the design and safety of buildings. We select the frames by varying the number of storys and bays to obtain a wide range of natural building periods. We compute ground motion intensity measures (IM) from the recorded dataset and extract engineering demand parameters (EDP) from building response analyses. Our results indicate that the inter-story drift correlates strongly with spectral measures of ground motion intensity (correlation coefficient above 0.85). We also investigate the effect of natural period on the estimated correlations. We find that the correlations with spectral intensity measures do not strongly depend on Vs30 and epicentral distance. Our results are useful in the context of applied performance-based design of structures, especially if uncertainties in seismological parameters due to limited knowledge of source, site or path effects play an important role in earthquake ground motions.</p>

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