Influence of reaction conditions on the hydrodeoxygenation of light components in bio‐oil to long‐chain alkanes over Ni/ HZSM‐5‐γ‐Al 2 O 3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyu Li ◽  
Enchen Jiang ◽  
Xiwei Xu ◽  
Ping Han ◽  
Fangyuan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Light Components ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Aliphatic Diacidic Long-Chain C16 Polyesters from 10,16-Dihydroxyhexadecanoic Acid Obtained from Tomato Residual Wastes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arrieta-Baez ◽  
Hernández Ortíz ◽  
Terán ◽  
Torres ◽  
Gómez-Patiño
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Langmuir Blodgett ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
One Step ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Polyester Film

10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid obtained from agroresidual tomato waste, was oxidized to produce 7-oxohexadecanedioic acid in good yield (>70%) and purified without oxidation side products in one step. Polycondensation with 1,8-octanediol, yielded the polyester (poly(ω-carboxyl PA-co-OD)) with Mw = 2155.15 and Mn = 1637.27. The best enzymatic reaction conditions to get the polyester were using lipase CAL-B (%-by-wt relative to monomer) in toluene as a solvent for 1 h at 60 °C. The poly(ω-carboxyl PA-co-OD) was characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR, mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and the polyester film formed with a Langmuir-Blodgett Trough was analyzed by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy.

scholarly journals Systematic Selection of Green Solvents and Process Optimization for the Hydroformylation of Long-Chain Olefines

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Keßler ◽  
Christian Kunde ◽  
Steffen Linke ◽  
Kevin McBride ◽  
Kai Sundmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Optimization ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Multiphase System ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Catalyst Recycling ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Systematic Selection ◽  
Long Chain

Including ecologic and environmental aspects in chemical engineering requires new methods for process design and optimization. In this work, a hydroformylation process of long-chain olefines is investigated. A thermomorphic multiphase system is employed that is homogeneous at reaction conditions and biphasic at lower temperatures for catalyst recycling. In an attempt to replace the toxic polar solvent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), ecologically benign alternatives are selected using a screening approach. Economic process optimization is conducted for DMF and two candidate solvents. It is found that one of the green candidates performs similarly well as the standard benchmark solvent DMF, without being toxic. Therefore, the candidate has the potential to replace it.

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Wheat Straws for Bio-Oil and Related Analyses

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2419-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiao Juan Liu ◽  
Yan Xing Liu ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Jian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Optimal Reaction

The liquefaction of wheat straws in sub-critical water to obtain bio-oil was investigated in this paper. We observed that the reaction temperature (300-374 °C) and reaction time (1-15 min) played important roles in the yield of bio-oil and found the optimal reaction conditions (340 °C, 5 min). The bio-oil was analyzed by elemental analysis, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated that the heating value of bio-oil product was 32-38 MJ/kg, higher than that of the bio-oil obtained from microalgae, and the product was composed of ketones, phenol and its derivatives, aromatics and small amount of aldehydes and ethers.

scholarly journals 3-Bromopyridine-Heterogenized Phosphotungstic Acid for Efficient Trimerization of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural with 2-Methylfuran to C21 Fuel Precursor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yufei Xu ◽  
Zhaozhuo Yu ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Song Yang
Keyword(s):  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acidic Catalyst ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Long Chain

The production of long-chain carbon compounds (C9-C21) from biomass derivatives to alternate traditional fossil diesel is sustainable, eco-friendly, and potentially economic for modern industry. In this work, phosphotungstic acid heterogenized by 3-bromopyridine was achieved using a solvothermal method, which was demonstrated to be efficient for trimerization of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with 2-methylfuran (2-MF) to C21 fuel precursor (57.1% yield) under mild reaction conditions. The heterogeneous acidic catalyst could be reused for four consecutive cycles without obvious loss of activity, and different characterization techniques (e.g., XRD (X-ray diffraction), TG (thermogravimetric analysis), SEM (scanning electron microscope), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and BET (Brunauer-Emmet-Teller)) were utilized to investigate the performance of the catalyst. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway was postulated, on the basis of results obtained by NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometer). This strategy provides a facile and efficient approach to prepare a recyclable acidic catalyst for the production of diesel fuel precursor from biomass via controllable polymerization.

Clean bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge: Effects of reaction conditions and metal oxide catalysts

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. S83-S85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Ju Park ◽  
Hyeon Su Heo ◽  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
Jin-Heong Yim ◽  
Jong-Ki Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Metal Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Bio Oil

Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Cationic Surfactant with Long-Chain Alkyl and Epoxy Groups

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 864-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Cheng Miao ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Deng Deng ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jian Zhou Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Surfactant ◽  
Ammonium Salt ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Important Intermediate ◽  
Epoxy Groups ◽  
Long Chain

The quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant with long-chain alkyl and epoxy groups is very important intermediate product to synthesis novel functional surfactants. In this paper, a kind of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant with long-chain alkyl and epoxy groups was synthesized by traditional method with epichlorohydrin and N-octadecyldimethylamine as raw materials. During the synthesis, the best reaction conditions have been obtained, that the reaction temperature is 35 °C, the reaction time is 4 h and the best mol ratio of epichlorohydrin to timethylamine is 5:1. In addition, the synthesized intermediate with long-chain alkyl and epoxy groups plays a very important roles in the development of cationic surfactant.

scholarly journals Catalytic Hydroisomerization of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons for the Production of Fuels

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Mäki-Arvela ◽  
Taimoor Kaka khel ◽  
Muhammad Azkaar ◽  
Simon Engblom ◽  
Dmitry Murzin
Keyword(s):  
Acid Sites ◽  
Catalyst Stability ◽  
Bifunctional Catalysts ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Composite Catalysts ◽  
Branched Alkanes ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Rapid Mass ◽  
Long Chain

Hydroisomerization of long chain paraffins for the production of branched alkanes has recently been intensively studied due to a large availability of these compounds. The most interesting research topics have been the development of novel bifunctional catalysts to maximize the yield of isomers and to suppress the cracking reactions. Since both of these reactions are catalyzed by Brønsted acid sites, the optimum catalyst exhibits equal amounts of metal and acid sites, and it facilitates rapid mass transfer. Thus, several hierarchical and nano-shaped zeolites have been developed, in addition to composite catalysts containing both micro- and mesoporous phases. In addition to catalyst development, the effect of the reactant structure, optimal reaction conditions, catalyst stability and comparison of batch vs continuous operations have been made.

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