Biomonitoring of workers employed in a Titanium Dioxide production plant: use of Buccal Micronucleus Cytome assay as non‐invasive biomarker to evaluate genotoxic and cytotoxic effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Lucia Ursini ◽  
Marco Di Basilio ◽  
Ciervo Aureliano ◽  
Fresegna Anna Maria ◽  
Maiello Raffaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Plant Use ◽  
Cytome Assay

scholarly journals Effective Utilization of Flue Gas from Titanium Dioxide Production Plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 09-11
Author(s):  
Sukanya Karuppannan ◽  
Amruth Chandran ◽  
Faxen Francis ◽  
Javith Khan ◽  
Dhinakaran Dhinakaran
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Effective Utilization

scholarly journals Effect of N-acetyl cysteine, Neopterin and Dexamethasone on the Viability of Titanium dioxide Nanoparticles Exposed Cell Lines

Pteridines ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Basak Engin ◽  
Evren Doruk Engin ◽  
Bensu Karahalil
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
U937 Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acetyl Cysteine ◽  
Nano Size

Abstract Titanium is extensively used for a wide range of implanted medical devices due to its advantageous combination of physico-chemical and biological properties. Nano-size titanium dioxide (TiO2) is also used in a variety of consumer products. Such widespread use and its potential entry through various routes of the body suggest that TiO2 could pose an exposure risk to humans. Nano-size particles (NP) enter systemic circulation, accumulate and damage tissues that are especially sensitive to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that TiO2 NPs can exert diverse cytotoxic effects on various human cell type especially neural cell lines. In order to test our hypothesis, putative cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress due to TiO2 NPs exposure on IM9, U937 and SHSY5Y (human neuroblastoma cells) were investigated in N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), neopterin and dexamethasone pre-treated cell cultures. IM9, U937 and SHSY5Y cells were exposed to ten different concentrations of 25 and 10 nm diameter TiO2 NPs in three different time periods before and after treatment with NAC, neopterin and dexamethasone. To determine toxicity levels of NPs, cell viability was estimated by MTT test. Concentration of cells was assessed by counting trypan blue stained cells with a heamo-cytometer. Toxicity of 25nm TiO2 particles was significantly increased (p<0.05) by adding fetal bovine serum (FBS) in SHYS5Y and U937 cell lines culture medium. Concentrationdependent toxicity of 10 nm TiO2 NP was weakly increased by adding FBS to SHYS5Y, IM9 and U937 cell culture media. NAC pre-treatment provided significant protection for only SHYS5Y cell exposed to 25 nm and 10 nm of TiO2 NPs after a 24-hour incubation period. Neopterin pre-treated SHYS5Y cells displayed significant increases in viability after 24-hour exposure to 10 nm and 25 nm TiO2 NPs. While exposure of dexamethasone pre-treated U937 cells to 25 nm of TiO2 NPs induced a significant increase in cell survival at only 100 mg/ml particle concentration, increase in viability of SHYS5Y cells were observed at all concentrations against 10 nm particle challenge. Our study demonstrated that exposure of SHYS5Y to TiO2 NPs for 24 hours regularly induced reduction of cell viability. We also found similar dose-related effects of TiO2 NPs in reducing cell survival in IM9 cells. This study clearly indicated that FBS is an effective dispersing agent for TiO2 NPs and increased TiO2 toxicity in all cell lines. NAC and neopterin significantly protected the SHYS5Y cell against the putative cytotoxic effects of TiO2 NPs.

Effect of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism on genome instability in children living in Russian Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
Dina Alexandrovna Petrashova ◽  
S. N. Kolomeichuk
Keyword(s):  
Genome Instability ◽  
Polymorphic Marker ◽  
Ace Gene ◽  
Gene Insertion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathologies ◽  
The City ◽  
Cytome Assay ◽  
Genome Destabilization

Main risks of arterial hypertension manifest in childhood. Children living in the Far North are especially susceptible to this. There is a need for an inexpensive, non-invasive and simple diagnosis of the risk of childhood pathologies. It was previously found that the genotype DD of the in/del polymorphic marker of the ACE gene is found in people at risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay and genetic analysis were used in the work. In total, 77 schoolchildren from the city of Apatity, aged 15-17 years old, were examined. We have shown that carriers of the D allele have a tendency to an increase in the frequency of cells with micronuclei. In the case of homozygous I/I variant, the frequency of occurrence of cells with karyopycnosis is significantly higher than in carriers of allele D. Polymorphic marker in/del of the ACE gene is associated with apoptotic changes in the cells of the studied children. The in/del polymorphic marker of the ACE gene can be used as a prognostic marker of the processes of genome destabilization at the early stages of development of the human body.

Monitoring of potential cytotoxic and inhibitory effects of titanium dioxide using on-line and non-invasive cell-based impedance spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Male ◽  
Mahsa Hamzeh ◽  
Johnny Montes ◽  
Alfred C.W. Leung ◽  
John H.T. Luong
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
On Line ◽  
Invasive Cell

scholarly journals Urinary Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Workers of a Titanium Dioxide Based Pigment Production Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Buonaurio ◽  
Maria Luisa Astolfi ◽  
Silvia Canepari ◽  
Marco Di Basilio ◽  
Rocco Gibilras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Titanium dioxide is produced or imported into the EU for over one million tons/year. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classification is 2B, a possible inhalation carcinogen for humans. This study evaluates urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress in workers of a plant producing TiO2 pigment powder, having 0.25 µm average particle size and an ultrafine fraction, compared to unexposed subjects. Urine samples were collected from forty workers before and after the shift, from six employees of the same company and eighteen volunteers from the same geographical area. Titanium and other metals concentrations were measured by ICP-MS, while DNA, RNA, and protein oxidation products by HPLC/MS-MS. A statistically significant increase was found for the urinary concentration of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ti, and Zr, and for all biomarkers of oxidative stress in post-shift workers’ urine samples. Urinary concentrations after the working shift were higher than for employees and volunteers pooled together for Cd, Mn, and Zr, and for the oxidative stress biomarkers 8-oxoGuo, 8-oxodGuo, and 3NO2Tyr. Biomonitoring studies on dose and effect biomarkers for TiO2 occupational exposure provide information useful for protecting workers’ health even in conditions that comply with health and safety standards, highlighting reversible effects of chronic exposure at very low doses.

scholarly journals SEPARATION OF EXFOLIATED EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM HUMAN URINE SAMPLES FOR CYTOGENETIC AND CYTOTOXIC EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF FACTORS BY THE MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1235-1239
Author(s):  
Svetlana M. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Epithelium Cells ◽  
Dual Core

Introduction. Numerous research studies indicate a relationship between the risk of developing bladder cancer and an increase in the number of exfoliative epithelial cells (EEC) with micronuclei (MN) in the urine. Since cancer in most cases develops precisely from epithelial cells, a standardized method for their isolation and analysis is needed. When assessing mutagenicity, the toxicity of a factor, hazard class, it is important to evaluate not only it is cytogenetic but also cytotoxic effect. Material and methods. As a method for isolating cells from urine samples, we used the modified Stich method. To assess cytogenetic damage in the EEC, the ME test was used. results. The result of our research was the simplified modified method for isolating cells from urine samples given in the article, their color, microphotograph, and criteria for analyzing cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects. Using a modified method, we found that approximately 75% of the cells in the urine of women enter the urine from the reproductive system. With tamponade, the number of squamous epithelium cells decreases average by 2 times and the number of lysed cells decreases average by 3.5 times, but the proliferation rate increases (the frequency of binuclear cells) by 2 times. At the same time, the sensitivity of the method itself increases as a result of a the gain in the number of urothelial cells taken in the analysis, which are more sensitive to cytogenetic effects. The proposed advanced protocol for the analysis of the EEC of urine with the fixation of cytotoxic damage (the frequency of occurrence of cells with condensation, lysis, vacuolization of the nucleus) and changes in proliferation (the frequency of dual-core cells) increases the sensitivity and informativeness of the method. conclusion. Thus, the modification of the MN method of the urine EEC test developed by us is informative as it demonstrates genotoxic and cytotoxic damage, changes in proliferation, the presence of an inflammatory process and its cause. The test is economical, suitable for the mass monitoring of the population because it is non-invasive and allows collecting material outside the clinic.

Intracellular distribution, geno- and cytotoxic effects of nanosized titanium dioxide particles in the anatase crystal phase on human nasal mucosa cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Hackenberg ◽  
Gudrun Friehs ◽  
Katrin Froelich ◽  
Christian Ginzkey ◽  
Christian Koehler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Intracellular Distribution ◽  
Crystal Phase ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Human Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Nanosized Titanium Dioxide
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