scholarly journals High-frequency alternating-crossed-field gel electrophoresis with neutral or slightly charged interpenetrating networks to improve DNA separation

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3137-3148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooks M. Boyd ◽  
John M. Prausnitz ◽  
Harvey W. Blanch
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dna Separation ◽  
Interpenetrating Networks

scholarly journals Clonal Associations among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Various Sites of Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Booth ◽  
Lisa M. Pence ◽  
Param Mahasreshti ◽  
Michelle C. Callegan ◽  
Michael S. Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages ◽  
Infection Types

ABSTRACT A molecular epidemiological analysis was undertaken to identify lineages of Staphylococcus aureus that may be disproportionately associated with infection. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of 405 S. aureus clinical isolates collected from various infection types and geographic locations was performed. Five distinct S. aureus lineages (SALs 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6) were identified, which accounted for 19.01, 9.14, 22.72, 10.12, and 4.69% of isolates, respectively. In addition, 85 lineages which occurred with frequencies of <2.5% were identified and were termed “sporadic.” The most prevalent lineage was methicillin-resistant S. aureus (SAL 4). The second most prevalent lineage, SAL 1, was also isolated at a high frequency from the anterior nares of healthy volunteers, suggesting that its prevalence among clinical isolates may be a consequence of high carriage rates in humans. Gene-specific PCR was carried out to detect genes for a number of staphylococcal virulence traits. tstand cna were found to be significantly associated with prevalent lineages compared to sporadic lineages. When specific infection sites were examined, SAL 4 was significantly associated with respiratory tract infection, while SAL 2 was enriched among blood isolates. SAL 1 and SAL 5 were clonally related to SALs shown by others to be widespread in the clinical isolate population. We conclude from this study that at least five phylogenetic lineages of S. aureus are highly prevalent and widely distributed among clinical isolates. The traits that confer on these lineages a propensity to infect may suggest novel approaches to antistaphylococcal therapy.

Changes in Dental Plaque Microbial Richness and Oral Behavioral Habits during Caries Development in Young Chinese Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Hao ◽  
He Xu ◽  
Xiaochi Chen ◽  
Qiong Zhou ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Group ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Supragingival Plaque ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Total Dna

Objective: To detect changes in the microbial richness of dental plaque and oral behaviors during caries development in young Chinese children. Methods: Supragingival plaque samples and a survey of oral behaviors of 130 children aged 3 at baseline were analyzed at 6 months and 12 months. Total DNA was isolated from all samples and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis was conducted. Results: In the follow-up, 44 children had caries or cavity fillings at 6 months, a further 28 children had caries or cavity fillings at 12 months. The other 58 children remained caries-free at 12 months. According to the changes in caries status at the 12-month follow-up, all participants were divided into three groups: caries-free, caries at 6 months and caries at 12 months. The changes in oral behaviors during the 12-month follow-up were not significantly different in the three groups. The frequency of eating sweets and eating sweets before sleeping was significantly different among the three groups at baseline. At baseline, the average detectable bands of caries in the 12-month caries group were similar to those of the caries-free group; both of them were higher than that of the 6-month caries group. At 6 months, the average detectable bands of the 12-month caries group were significantly lower than that of the caries-free group although the children of the 12-month caries group were caries-free at that time. Conclusions: For young Chinese children, the high frequency of eating sweets and eating sweets before sleeping are risk factors of caries onset, and the decrease in microbial richness could occur 6 months before the onset of caries.

Biased sinusoidal field gel electrophoresis for large DNA separation

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 4868-4873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Shikata ◽  
Tadao Kotaka
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dna Separation ◽  
Sinusoidal Field

Development of Gel Electrophoresis Unit to Reduce DNA Separation Process Time—A Proof of Concept

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Azli Yahya ◽  
Razauden Zulkifli ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Trias Andromeda ◽  
Nor Azlina Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Dna Separation ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Proof Of Concept

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of recent United Kingdom isolates ofNeisseria meningitidisserogroup C

1994 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Yakubu ◽  
F. J. R. Abadi ◽  
T. H. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Digestion

SUMMARYThe genomes of 34 recent United Kingdom isolates ofNeisseria meningitidisserogroup C were examined by restriction enzyme digestion and by conventional and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Strains were assigned to groups on the basis of the Dice similarity coefficient; strains with values of >92% were considered to be clonally related. Twelve clones were identified by PFGE. Strains of two clonal groups predominated. Restriction endonuclease analyses using the ‘high frequency cleavage’ endonucleaseStuI and conventional electrophoresis gave 11 groups; in general it had lower resolving power than PFGE.

scholarly journals Field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE) in vertical slabs as an improved method for large DNA separation

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 3634-3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. S. Dawkins ◽  
Debra J. Ferrier ◽  
Terence L. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dna Separation ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Field Inversion

scholarly journals LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF THE MULTILOCUS GLUCOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE ISOZYME SYSTEM IN SUNFISH (CENTRARCHIDAE, TELEOSTII)

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Gregory S Whitt ◽  
William F Childers ◽  
James B Shaklee ◽  
Janet Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Glucosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobilities ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Allelic Isozymes ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Green Sunfish

ABSTRACT The purpose of the present investigation is to determine whether the two duplicated glucosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) loci Gpi-A and Gpi-B reside on the same chromosome in teleostean fishes. Interspecific sunfish hybrids were employed for the cross because of the different species-specific electrophoretic mobilities of the allelic isozymes at each GPI locus and because of their genomic compatibility. F1 sunfish hybrids, formed from a male warmouth (Lepomis gulosus) × female green sunfish (L. cyanellus) cross, were mated to form the F2 generation. The number of each of the nine different isozyme phenotypes, revealed by starch gel electrophoresis, was determined using 256 F2 individuals. The high frequency of recombinant phenotypes in the F2 generation indicated that the two GPI loci are not linked. An excess of F2 individuals heterozygous at both loci was observed and is interpreted as being caused by heterosis. The absence of linkage for the homologous loci encoding GPI subunits and for other multilocus isozyme systems is consistent with the postulate that the genomes of present-day vertebrates arose through one or more polyploidization events early in vertebrate evolution.

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