Evaluation of Electrical Load Following Capability of Fuel Cell System Fueled by High-Purity Hydrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Doi ◽  
Deaheum Park ◽  
Masayoshi Ishida ◽  
Akitoshi Fujisawa ◽  
Shinichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Load Following ◽  
High Purity Hydrogen

Evaluation of Electric Load Following Capability on Fuel Cell System Fueled by High-Purity Hydrogen

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
pp. 927-935
Author(s):  
Yusuke Doi ◽  
Deaheum Park ◽  
Masayoshi Ishida ◽  
Akitoshi Fujisawa ◽  
Shinichi Miura
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Electric Load ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Load Following ◽  
High Purity Hydrogen

Partial Validation of a Proposed Rating Methodology for Residential Fuel Cell Systems

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Davis ◽  
Michael W. Ellis ◽  
Brian P. Dougherty ◽  
A. Hunter Fanney
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Load Following

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in conjunction with Virginia Tech, has developed a rating methodology for residential-scale stationary fuel cell systems. The methodology predicts the cumulative electrical production, thermal energy delivery, and fuel consumption on an annual basis. The annual performance is estimated by representing the entire year of climate and load data into representative winter, spring/fall, and summer days for six different U.S. climatic zones. It prescribes a minimal number of steady state and simulated use tests, which provide the necessary performance data for the calculation procedure that predicts the annual performance. The procedure accounts for the changes in performance resulting from changes in ambient temperature, electrical load, and, if the unit provides thermal as well as electrical power, thermal load. The rating methodology addresses four different types of fuel cell systems: grid-independent electrical load following, grid-connected constant power, grid-connected thermal load following, and grid-connected water heating. This paper will describe a partial validation of the rating methodology for a grid-connected thermal load following fuel cell system. The rating methodology was validated using measured data from tests that subjected the fuel cell system to domestic hot water and space heating thermal loads for each of the three representative days. The simplification of a full year’s load and climate data into three representative days was then validated by comparing the rating methodology predictions with the prediction of each hour over the full year in each of the six cities.

Development of a Performance Rating Standard for Residential Fuel Cell Systems

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Ellis ◽  
Mark W. Davis ◽  
A. Hunter Fanney ◽  
Brian P. Dougherty ◽  
Ian Doebber
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Load Following ◽  
System A ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Using Data

Fuel cell systems for residential applications are an emerging technology for which specific consumer-oriented performance standards are not well defined. This paper presents a proposed experimental procedure and rating methodology for evaluating residential fuel cell systems. In the proposed procedure, residential applications are classified as grid independent load following; grid connected constant power; grid connected thermal load following; and grid connected water heating. An experimental apparatus and procedures for steady state and simulated use tests are described for each type of system. A rating methodology is presented that uses data from these experiments in conjunction with standard residential load profiles to quantify the net effect of a fuel cell system on residential utility use. The experiments and rating procedure are illustrated using data obtained from a currently available grid connected thermally load following system.

Improving the load-following capability of a solid oxide fuel cell system through the use of time delay control

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 1221-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Sen Qin ◽  
Wenying Zhang ◽  
Tengfei Ding ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Time Delay Control ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Delay Control

Analysis of Effects of Fuel Cell System Dynamics on Optimal Energy Management

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wu ◽  
Ming Kuang ◽  
Milos Milacic ◽  
Xiaowu Zhang ◽  
Jing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Optimal Energy Management ◽  
Level 1

Dynamic characteristics of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system can impact fuel economy and load following performance of a fuel cell vehicle, especially if those dynamics are ignored in designing top-level energy management strategy. To quantify the effects of fuel cell system (FCS) dynamics on optimal energy management, dynamic programming (DP) is adopted in this study to derive optimal power split strategies at two levels: Level 1, where the FCS dynamics are ignored, and Level 2, where the FCS dynamics are incorporated. Analysis is performed to quantify the differences of these two resulting strategies to understand the effects of FCS dynamics. While Level 1 DP provides significant computational advantages, the resulting strategy leads to load following errors that need to be mitigated using battery or FCS itself. Our analysis shows that up to 5% fuel economy penalty on New York city cycle (NYCC) and 3% on supplemental federal test procedure (US06) can be resulted by ignoring FCS dynamics, when the dominant dynamics of the FCS has settling time as slow as 8 seconds.

Parameters Affecting the Performance of a Residential-Scale Stationary Fuel Cell System

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Davis ◽  
A. Hunter Fanney ◽  
Michael J. LaBarre ◽  
Kenneth R. Henderson ◽  
Brian P. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
State Tests ◽  
American Society

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology have measured the performance of a residential fuel cell system when subjected to various environmental and load conditions. The system, which uses natural gas as its source fuel, is capable of generating electrical power at three nominal power levels (2.5, 4.0, and 5.0kW) while providing thermal energy for user-supplied loads. Testing was conducted to determine the influence of ambient temperature, relative humidity, electrical load, and thermal load on system performance. Steady-state and transient tests were conducted. The steady-state tests were performed in accordance with the American Society of Mechanical Engineering Fuel Cell Power Systems Performance Test Code (PTC-50) for fuel cell power systems. The results of the investigation are being used to develop a proposed rating procedure for residential fuel cell units.

Parameters Affecting the Performance of a Residential-Scale Stationary Fuel Cell System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Davis ◽  
A. Hunter Fanney ◽  
Michael J. LaBarre ◽  
Kenneth R. Henderson ◽  
Brian P. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
State Tests ◽  
American Society

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have measured the performance of a residential fuel cell system when subjected to various environmental and load conditions. The system, which uses natural gas as its source fuel, is capable of generating electrical power at three nominal power levels (2.5 kW, 4.0 kW, and 5.0 kW) while providing thermal energy for user-supplied loads. Testing was conducted to determine the influence of ambient temperature, relative humidity, electrical load, and thermal load on system performance. Steady-state and transient tests were conducted. The steady-state tests were performed in accordance with the American Society of Mechanical Engineering (ASME) Fuel Cell Power Systems Performance Test Code (PTC-50) for fuel cell power systems. The results of the investigation are being used to develop a proposed rating procedure for residential fuel cell units.

scholarly journals Novel solid oxide fuel cell system controller for rapid load following

2007 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Mueller ◽  
Faryar Jabbari ◽  
Robert Gaynor ◽  
Jacob Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Load Following ◽  
System Controller
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