scholarly journals Long-term tree inventory data from mountain forest plots in France

Ecology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1180-1180
Author(s):  
Marc Fuhr ◽  
Thomas Cordonnier ◽  
Benoît Courbaud ◽  
Georges Kunstler ◽  
Eric Mermin ◽  
...  
Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem W. Verstraeten ◽  
Klaas Folkert Boersma ◽  
John Douros ◽  
Jason E. Williams ◽  
Henk Eskes ◽  
...  

Top-down estimates of surface NOX emissions were derived for 23 European cities based on the downwind plume decay of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) columns from the LOTOS-EUROS (Long Term Ozone Simulation-European Ozone Simulation) chemistry transport model (CTM) and from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite retrievals, averaged for the summertime period (April–September) during 2013. Here we show that the top-down NOX emissions derived from LOTOS-EUROS for European urban areas agree well with the bottom-up NOX emissions from the MACC-III inventory data (R2 = 0.88) driving the CTM demonstrating the potential of this method. OMI top-down NOX emissions over the 23 European cities are generally lower compared with the MACC-III emissions and their correlation is slightly lower (R2 = 0.79). The uncertainty on the derived NO2 lifetimes and NOX emissions are on average ~55% for OMI and ~63% for LOTOS-EUROS data. The downwind NO2 plume method applied on both LOTOS-EUROS and OMI tropospheric NO2 columns allows to estimate NOX emissions from urban areas, demonstrating that this is a useful method for real-time updates of urban NOX emissions with reasonable accuracy.


2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Senn

After excessive cutting in Swiss mountain forests and extirpation of most of the wildlife during the past centuries, efficient forestry and hunting laws allowed a wide regeneration of the forests and a rapid increase of ungulate populations in the present century. As a consequence, the impacts of ungulates on the vegetation became obvious. Regeneration of forest trees, however, is influenced not only by ungulates, but by a number of physical site factors and biotic impacts. As these impacts and their interactions vary extensively, regeneration is neither spatially nor temporally constant. Most of the presently used tree-regeneration methods, however, assume constant conditions, which renders a proper evaluation of tree regeneration in mountain forests and the role of ungulates impossible. Furthermore, the effect of this variation on forest development and forest functions is unknown with regard to the long term. While society requires a multipurpose mountain forest, structured at a small scale, wild ungulates use their habitat at a larger scale. This often leads to conflicts. Consequently,solutions including different scales are necessary. A lack of knowledge will, therefore, have to be met by research making data available to the practice as well as through coordinated investigations and experiments.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2920
Author(s):  
Jozef Minďaš ◽  
Miriam Hanzelová ◽  
Jana Škvareninová ◽  
Jaroslav Škvarenina ◽  
Ján Ďurský ◽  
...  

The paper is focused on the evaluation of long-term changes in the chemical composition of precipitation in the mountain forests of Slovakia. Two stations with long-term measurements of precipitation quality were selected, namely the station of the EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) network Chopok (2008 m a.s.l.) and the station of the ICP Forests (International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests) network Poľana-Hukavský grúň (850 m a.s.l.). All basic chemical components were analyzed, namely sulfur (S-SO4), nitrogen (N-NH4, N-NO3), and base cations (Ca, Mg, and K) contained in precipitation. The time changes of the individual components were statistically evaluated by the Mann–Kendall test and Kruskal–Wallis test. The results showed significant declining trends for almost all components, which can significantly affect element cycles in mountain forest ecosystems. The evaluated forty one-year period (1987 to 2018) is characterized by significant changes in the precipitation regime in Slovakia and the obtained results indicate possible directions in which the quantity and quality of precipitation in the mountainous areas of Slovakia will develop with ongoing climate change.


Forests ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1243-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srdjan Keren ◽  
Renzo Motta ◽  
Zoran Govedar ◽  
Radovan Lucic ◽  
Milan Medarevic ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
А.В. Сафонов ◽  
М.А. Крестьянова ◽  
С.А. Суворов ◽  
Д.А. Данилов

Рубки ухода за лесом – это комплекс лесохозяйственных мероприятий, направленный на улучшение качественных и количественных показателей древостоя, формирование высокопродуктивных, устойчивых и хозяйственно-ценных насаждений, путем удаления из насаждений больных, поврежденных, фаутных деревьев, а также деревьев нежелательных пород в молодняках, жердняках и средневозрастных дендроцинозах. В работе представлено сравнение нормативных показателей по двум правилам ухода за лесом, основным различием которых является подход к выделению максимально допустимого вырубаемого запаса, основывающегося на анализе абсолютной, для нового норматива, и относительной, для старого, полнот древостоя. Была произведена оценка и сравнение классов товарности, процентов вырубаемого запаса и его распределения по делянкам, с целью выявления различий и особенностей подходов двух рассматриваемых нормативных подходов. По результатам проведенных анализов было выявлено различие данных лесоустройства по реальным качественным и количественным показателям древостоя на большинстве делянок, большой разницей между классами товарности по рассматриваемым нормативам, что в свою очередь ведет к различиям в выходе по запасам деловой и дровяной древесины, а также их качественному различию, и интенсивности изреживания полога, что обуславливается вышеописанными особенностями по выделению максимально допустимого вырубаемого запаса. В связи с вышеизложенным, необходимо разрабатывать региональные нормативы уходов за лесом на базе полученных долговременных наблюдений на постоянных пробных площадях с полным циклом проведённых уходов за лесом и при необходимости вносить коррективы, возможность которых принципиально исключается существующей схемой разработки и введения в действие нормативных документов. Forest thinning is a complex of forestry measures aimed at improving the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the stand, the formation of highly productive, sustainable and economically valuable stands, by removing sick, damaged, fallow trees, as well as trees of undesirable species in young stands, stumps and middle-aged stands. The work presents a comparison of the normative indicators for the two rules of forest maintenance, the main difference of which is the approach to the allocation of the maximum allowable felling stock, based on the analysis of the absolute, for the new standard, and the relative, for the old, completeness of the stand. The evaluation and comparison of classes of marketability, percent of the harvested stock and its distribution across the plots were made in order to identify the differences and peculiarities of the approaches of the two normative approaches under consideration. By results of the carried out analyses it was revealed difference of the forest inventory data to real qualitative and quantitative indicators of a stand on the majority of plots, the big difference between classes of marketability on the considered standards that in turn leads to distinctions in an exit on stocks of business and wood, and as their qualitative distinction, and intensity of thinning of a canopy that is caused by the above-named features on allocation of the maximum allowable cut stock. In connection with the above stated, it is necessary to develop regional norms of forest tending on the basis of received long-term observations on permanent trial areas with a full cycle of conducted forest tending and, if necessary, to make corrections, the possibility of which is fundamentally excluded by the existing scheme of development and introduction of normative documents.


HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 591d-591
Author(s):  
D. Creech ◽  
D. McDonald ◽  
D. Kulhavy ◽  
P. Blackwell

This paper outlines the history of the SFA Arboretum's effort to establish a campus-as-arboretum at the university. In 1996, the participants created a robust Geographic Information System (GIS) for the campus forest based primarily on a 1993-95 campus mapping and tree inventory project in the 144-acre main core of the campus (Wilson to North St.; College to Starr). The project served as the MS thesis of Susan Perkins. In brief, the campus model reveals a pine-dominated Type 2 forest (one rapidly approaching maturity), difficult campus hydrology issues, and a landscape low on diversity with 68 species represented. In 1996, the Arboretum's AutoCAD® map and Excel® tree data files were integrated into the College of Forestry Unix-based ArcInfo® platform. This now provides full GIS capabilities for landscape planners. The resultant maps based on user queries reveal a robust vegetation analysis and management tool. In 1997, the SFA administration, Physical Plant, Grounds, College of Forestry, and SFA Arboretum initiated a “campus beautification” funding campaign. The SFA Arboretum will play a key role in building unique, documented, and mapped woody ornamental collections for the campus. This provides a unique opportunity in the South for long-term Zone 8 woody plant evaluation in a high-visibility and “perpetual” landscape.


2015 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Schwitter ◽  
Arthur Sandri ◽  
Peter Bebi ◽  
Thomas Wohlgemuth ◽  
Peter Brang

Lessons from Vivian for mountain forests – regarding the next storm The winter storm “Vivian” in February 1990 took Swiss forestry by surprise due to its enormous extent. It gave cause for entirely new and challenging questions for scientists and practitioners. Twenty-four years after the storm, the Swiss mountain forest tending group assessed in the frame of two workshops forest succession and the evolution of the protective effect against natural hazards in several well-documented Vivian storm areas at elevations between 1,500 and 1,700 m a.s.l. in the cantons of St. Gallen and Grisons. The decision to salvage the damaged timber or to leave it in place depends primarily on how the risk of bark beetle infestations is assessed. Lying stems can transiently reduce the risk created by natural hazards and favor stand establishment, by reducing snow movements and by serving as nurse logs in the long term. On several areas among those studied, forest succession has progressed so far that the protective effect is nearly restored. However, in the majority of the areas, this is not yet the case even 24 years after the storm. The presence of regeneration in the pre-storm stand, so-called advance regeneration, considerably accelerates forest succession in a windthrow area. If advance regeneration is absent, planting can considerably fasten succession in comparison to natural regeneration, which establishes often slowly. In summary, it is concluded that on large windthrow areas at high elevation the potential of natural regeneration is limited and that a more varied combination of the different treatment options should be envisaged in the case of future windthrow events.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 3103-3129
Author(s):  
Victoria Nolan ◽  
Tom Reader ◽  
Francis Gilbert ◽  
Nick Atkinson

Abstract Ancient, veteran and notable trees are ecologically important keystone organisms and have tangible connections to folklore, history and sociocultural practices. Although found worldwide, few countries have such a rich history of recording and treasuring these trees as the UK, with its extensive Royal and aristocratic land ownership, unique land management methods and long-standing interest in natural history and species record collecting. As a result, the UK has collated an extensive database of ancient, veteran and notable trees called the Ancient Tree Inventory (ATI). The ATI is the result of a successful, long-term citizen science recording project and is the most comprehensive database of ancient and other noteworthy trees to date. We present here the first review of the ATI in its entirety since its initiation in 2004, including summaries of the UK ancient, veteran and notable tree distributions, the status and condition of the trees, and key information about the recording process and maintenance of the database. Statistical analysis of components of the dataset, comprising 169,967 tree records, suggest there are significant differences in the threats, size, form and location of different types of trees, especially in relation to taxonomic identity and tree age. Our goal is to highlight the value of the ATI in the UK, to encourage the development of similar ancient tree recording projects in other countries, and to emphasise the importance to conservation of continued efforts to maintain and expand databases of this kind.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document