scholarly journals Short‐term reservoir draining to streambed for juvenile salmon passage and non‐native fish removal

Ecohydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina A. Murphy ◽  
Gregory Taylor ◽  
Todd Pierce ◽  
Ivan Arismendi ◽  
Sherri L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fish Removal

Short-term Impacts of Fish Removal from Small Amazonian Forest Streams

Biotropica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helder M.V. Espírito-Santo ◽  
William E. Magnusson ◽  
Jansen Zuanon ◽  
Thaise Emilio
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Fish Removal ◽  
Amazonian Forest ◽  
Forest Streams

Lethal Levels of Mixed Copper–Zinc Solutions for Juvenile Salmon

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Sprague ◽  
B. Ann Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Toxic Units ◽  
Lethal Level ◽  
Copper Zinc

The toxicity of copper and zinc sulphates to juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) was tested in very soft water at 17 °C. The salts were tested separately and in mixtures. Incipient lethal levels were 32 μg/litre of copper alone or 420 μg/litre of zinc alone.Concentrations were expressed in "toxic units" by taking them as proportions of incipient lethal levels. Compared this way, resistance-times were similar for the two metals. Experiments showed that the incipient lethal level for mixtures was attained when addition of toxic units contributed by each metal reached a total of 1.0. The lethal threshold was therefore governed by simple additive effect of the two toxicants. This result is useful for applying to pollution problems in the field.In stronger mixtures totalling 2 and 5 toxic units, fish died faster than would be expected from their resistance to the metals separately. This type of potentiation in short-term tests seems to account for more-than-additive effects previously reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Non-Native Fish Predator Density and Molecular-Based Diet Estimates Suggest Differing Impacts of Predator Species on Juvenile Salmon in the San Joaquin River, California

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Michel ◽  
Joseph Smith ◽  
Nicholas Demetras ◽  
David Huff ◽  
Sean Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Striped Bass ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
San Joaquin River

The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is a major survival bottleneck for imperiled California salmonid populations, which is partially due to a multitude of non-native fish predators that have proliferated there throughout the 20th century. Understanding the diets of salmonid predators is critical to understanding their individual impacts, role in the food web, and the implications for potential management actions. We collected the stomach contents of Striped Bass Morone saxatilis, Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus and White Catfish Ameiurus catus sampled from three 1-km reaches in the lower San Joaquin River in 2014 and 2015 during the peak juvenile salmon outmigration period. We tested each stomach (n = 582) for the presence of juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and other prey items using a genetic barcoding technique. Channel Catfish had significantly higher frequency of Chinook Salmon in their stomachs (27.8% of tested Channel Catfish contained Chinook Salmon DNA), compared to the other three predators (2.8% to 4.8%). However, non-native fish species occurred at greater frequencies in the diets of all four predator species than salmon. Using depletion estimation from electrofishing, we were able to generate population densities for Striped Bass and Largemouth Bass in our reaches. Largemouth Bass were evenly distributed throughout all three reaches, at a mean density of approximately 333 (± 195 SE) per km of river. Striped Bass were patchily distributed, ranging from 21 to 1,227 per km. Extrapolating the frequency of salmon detected in stomachs to the predator abundance estimates, we estimate that the population of Largemouth Bass we sampled consumed between 3 and 5 Chinook Salmon per day per 1-km study reach (consumption rate of 0.011 salmon per predator per day), whereas the Striped Bass population consumed between 0 and 24 Chinook Salmon per day (0.019 salmon per predator per day).

Impact of exposure to a simulated predator (Mergus merganser) on the activity of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a natural environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 2006-2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Dionne ◽  
Julian J Dodson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Juvenile Atlantic Salmon

Some laboratory studies suggest that the presence of predators influences the short-term behaviour of juvenile Atlantic salmon. However, few studies have been conducted in the natural environment to confirm these observations and to document how biological and environmental factors influence the behaviour of fish faced with a predator. Of the many potential predators of juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, the common merganser, Mergus merganser, is a major one. This study was designed to investigate the immediate and short-term impact of exposure to a simulated avian predator on the activity of juvenile Atlantic salmon in their natural habitat. The influence of riverbed sediment grain size, a major determinant of habitat choice in salmon, and body size of juvenile salmon on the nature and intensity of their response to the predator was also investigated. Observations were made before and after exposure to a model of M. merganser in three situations: (1) fry (young salmon during their first summer of life) on fine sediment, (2) fry on coarse sediment, and (3) parr (young salmon during their second or third summer of life) on coarse sediment. Observations were also made on fry exposed to a harmless floating stimulus to evaluate if the decoys were perceived as threat. Following exposure, the feeding rate of juvenile salmon decreased by 25–39% and the moving rate increased by 123–386%. Sediment grain size influenced the nature of the immediate response of juvenile salmon, while body size influenced the intensity of the moving response. Parr moved significantly more than fry after exposure to the simulated predator.

Evaluating short-term effects of omnivorous fish removal on water quality and zooplankton at a subtropical lake

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 655 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Catalano ◽  
M. S. Allen ◽  
M. H. Schaus ◽  
D. G. Buck ◽  
J. R. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fish Removal ◽  
Omnivorous Fish ◽  
Subtropical Lake ◽  
Short Term Effects

Long-term Invertebrate Community Response to Toxaphene Treatment in Two Lakes: 50-yr Records Reconstructed from Lake Sediments

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda M. Miskimmin ◽  
David W. Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Residual Toxicity ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Low Levels

Analysis of sediment cores from two toxaphene-treated and one untreated lake basin demonstrates both the short-term effect of toxaphene applied in 1961–62 and the longer term effect of subsequent trout stocking on invertebrates. In Chatwin Lake (higher toxaphene concentration), planktonic cladocerans decreased in abundance, and dominance quickly changed from small- to large-bodied types. Bosmina was reduced by 88% at the time of toxaphene application and was eliminated during the 1970's as invertebrate predators like Chaoborus americanus increased in response to the poor survival of stocked fish. Short-term toxic effects were not detectable in cores from Peanut Lake (lower toxaphene concentration). In both treated lakes, large invertebrates became dominant with the absence of native fish and during trout stocking. Chaoborus spp. remained at low levels throughout the 1960's in both treated lakes compared with the untreated lake, possibly due to residual toxaphene toxicity and/or to predation by stocked fish. Toxicity to total chironomids was not detected, although genera-specific responses were not analysed. While the higher toxaphene dosage caused residual toxicity in Chatwin Lake for at least a decade, the manipulation of fish communities was primarily responsible for long-term changes in the invertebrates of both lakes.

scholarly journals An isolated round goby population in the upper Elbe: population characteristics and short-term impacts on the native fish assemblage

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Janáč ◽  
Zdenka Jurajdová ◽  
Kevin Roche ◽  
Luděk Šlapanský ◽  
Pavel Jurajda
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblage ◽  
Round Goby ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals The effectiveness of non-native fish removal techniques in freshwater ecosystems: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Rytwinski ◽  
Jessica J. Taylor ◽  
Lisa A. Donaldson ◽  
J. Robert Britton ◽  
David R. Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fish Removal

In aquatic systems, biological invasions can result in adverse ecological effects. Management techniques available for non-native fish removal programs (including eradication and population size control) vary widely, but include chemicals, harvest regimes, physical removal, or biological control. For management agencies, deciding on what non-native fish removal program to use has been challenging because there is little reliable information about the relative effectiveness of these measures in controlling or eradicating non-native fish. We conducted a systematic review, including a critical appraisal of study validity, to assess the effectiveness of different non-native fish removal methods and to identify the factors that influence the overall success rate of each type of method. We found 95 relevant studies, generating 158 data sets. The evidence base was dominated by poorly documented studies with inadequate experimental designs (76% of removal projects). When the management goal was non-native fish eradication, chemical treatments were relatively successful (antimycin 89%; rotenone 75%) compared with other interventions. Electrofishing and passive removal measure studies indicated successful eradication was possible (58% each) but required intensive effort and multiple treatments over a number of years. Of these studies with sufficient information, electrofishing had the highest success for population size control (56% of data sets). Overall, inadequate data quality and completeness severely limited our ability to make strong conclusions about the relationships between non-native fish abundance and different methods of eradication and population control and the factors influencing the overall success rate of each method. Our review highlights that there is considerable scope for improving our evaluations of non-native fish removal methods. It is recommended that programs should have explicitly stated objectives, better data reporting, and study designs that (when possible and appropriate) incorporate replicated and controlled investigations with rigorous, long-term quantitative monitoring. Future research on the effectiveness of non-native fish removal methods should focus on: (i) the efficacy of existing or potentially new removal measures in larger, more complex environments; (ii) a broader range of removal measures in general; and (iii) phenotypic characteristics of individual fish within a population that fail to be eradicated or controlled.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document