Quantifying transpirable soil water and its relations to tree water use dynamics in a water-limited pine forest

Ecohydrology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamir Klein ◽  
Eyal Rotenberg ◽  
Ella Cohen-Hilaleh ◽  
Naama Raz-Yaseef ◽  
Fyodor Tatarinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Tree Water Use

scholarly journals Water-use dynamics of a peat swamp forest and a dune forest in Maputaland, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 2053-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Clulow ◽  
C. S. Everson ◽  
J. S. Price ◽  
G. P. W. Jewitt ◽  
B. C. Scott-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Tree Water Use ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement Period

Abstract. Peat swamp forests are the second rarest forest type found in South Africa while dune forests have been under severe threat through mining and agriculture. Both forest types exist in the conservation area, and World Heritage site, known as the iSimangaliso Wetland Park on the East coast of South Africa. The area is prone to severe droughts (Taylor et al., 2006) and recent attempts to understand the local water balance revealed that there was insufficient information on the water use of the indigenous forests of the area. The peat swamp forest and dune forest sites studied in this research were located within close proximity to each other, yet, are characterised by different landscape positions in terms of water availability. The coastal dune forest soil profile was generally dry and sandy and the tree roots did not have access to the water table. In contrast the peat swamp forest is located in an interdunal wetland where the trees have permanent access to water. The climate at both sites is subtropical with a mean annual precipitation of 1200 mm yr−1. However, over 20 months of measurement, the first summer (October 2009 to March 2010) was drier (424 versus 735 mm) than the second summer (October 2010 to March 2011) emphasising the variability of the rainfall in the area and providing a wide range of conditions measured. The sap flow of an evergreen, overstory Syzygium cordatum and a semi-deciduous, understory Shirakiopsis elliptica were measured in the peat swamp forest using the heat ratio method. The Syzygium cordatum water use was not highly seasonal and the daily maximum water use ranged from approximately 30 L d−1 in winter to 45 L d−1 in summer whereas the \\textit{Shirakiopsis elliptica} water use was more seasonal at 2 L d−1 in winter and 12 L d−1 in summer. The water use of the Syzygium cordatum was not influenced by seasonal rainfall variations and was actually higher in the drier summer (October 2009 to March 2010). Three trees of different heights were monitored in the same way in the dune forest and the water use found to be highly seasonal. Over the entire measurement period, the water use was highest for an emergent Mimusops caffra (5 to 45 L d−1), whereas the water use of the Eugenia natalitia (2 to 28 L d−1) and Drypetes natalensis (1 to 4 L d−1) was lower. At the dune forest, the water use was highest in the wetter summer due to the reliance of the trees on rainfall to recharge the soil water. A split-line regression showed that on average, soil water limited tree water use 64% of the time over the measurement period at the dune forest. For modelling tree water use at the dune forest, it was concluded that a two-stage model, taking soil water content into account (from multiple sampling points), would be necessary.

scholarly journals Water-use dynamics of a peat swamp forest and a dune forest in Maputaland, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1725-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Clulow ◽  
C. S. Everson ◽  
J. S. Price ◽  
G. P. W. Jewitt ◽  
B. C. Scott-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Tree Water Use ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement Period

Abstract. Peat swamp forests are the second rarest forest type found in South Africa while dune forests have been under severe threat through mining and agriculture. Both forest types exist in the conservation area, and World Heritage site, known as the iSimangaliso Wetland Park on the East coast of South Africa. The area is prone to severe droughts (Taylor et al., 2006) and recent attempts to understand the local water-balance revealed that there was insufficient information on the water-use of the indigenous forests of the area. The Peat Swamp Forest and Dune Forest sites studied in this research were located within close proximity to each other, yet, are characterised by different landscape positions in terms of water availability. The coastal dune forest soil profile was generally dry and sandy and the trees' roots did not have access to the water table. In contrast the peat swamp forest is located in an interdunal wetland where the trees have permanent access to water. The climate at both sites is subtropical with a mean annual precipitation of 1200 mm yr−1. However, over 20 months of measurement, the first summer (October 2009 to March 2010) was drier (424 verses 735 mm) than the second summer (October 2010 to March 2011) emphasising the variability of the rainfall in the area and providing a wide range of conditions measured. The sapflow of an evergreen, overstory Syzygium cordatum and a semi-deciduous, understory Shirakiopsis elliptica were measured in the peat swamp forest using the heat ratio method. The Syzygium cordatum water-use was not highly seasonal and the daily maximum water-use ranged from approximately 30 L d−1 in winter to 45 L d−1 in summer whereas the Shirakiopsis elliptica water-use was more seasonal at 2 L d−1 in winter and 12 L d−1 in summer. The water-use of the Syzygium cordatum was not influenced by seasonal rainfall variations and was actually higher in the drier summer (October 2009 to March 2010). Three trees of different heights were monitored in the same way in the dune forest and the water-use found to be highly seasonal. Over the entire measurement period, the water-use was highest for an emergent Mimusops caffra (5 to 45 L d−1), whereas the water-use of the Eugenia natalitia (2 to 28 L d−1) and Drypetes natalensis (1 to 4 L d−1) was lower. At the dune forest, the water-use was highest in the wetter summer due to the reliance of the trees on rainfall to recharge the soil water. A split-line regression showed that on average, soil water limited tree water-use 64% of the time over the measurement period at the dune forest. For modeling tree water-use at the dune forest, it was concluded that a two-stage model, taking soil water content into account (from multiple sampling points), would be necessary.

Response of Eucalyptus largiflorens to floodplain salinisation

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Akeroyd ◽  
G.R. Walker ◽  
M.B. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
River Regulation ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Tree Water Use ◽  
Hydrological Changes ◽  
Over Time

An analysis of the stable isotopes from the tree rings of Eucalyptus largiflorens on the Chowilla Floodplain was undertaken. This chronology of tree water use responses was compared to the known hydrological changes that have occurred due to the effects of river regulation. The isotope chronology indicates that E. largiflorens has always oscillated between groundwater and rain-derived soil water and river regulation has apparently had little effect on tree water sources over time. This result is surprising, but no doubt reflects the complexity of floodplain processes and interactions between trees, water and the landscape.

Throughfall reduction in a cacao agroforest: tree water use and soil water budgeting

2010 ◽  
Vol 150 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Köhler ◽  
Luitgard Schwendenmann ◽  
Dirk Hölscher
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Tree Water Use ◽  
Throughfall Reduction

Evapotranspiration Measurement and Irrigation Scheduling for Several Tropical Fruit Crops Using the EnviroScan System

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 549f-550
Author(s):  
Mongi Zekri ◽  
Bruce Schaffer ◽  
Stephen K. O'Hair ◽  
Roberto Nunez-Elisea ◽  
Jonathan H. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Use ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Tropical Fruit

In southern Florida, most tropical fruit crops between Biscayne and Everglades National Parks are irrigated at rates and frequencies based on experience and observations of tree growth and fruit yield rather than on reliable quantitative information of actual water use. This approach suggests that irrigation rates may be excessive and could lead to leaching of agricultural chemicals into the groundwater in this environmentally sensitive area. Therefore, a study is being conducted to increase water use efficiency and optimize irrigation by accurately scheduling irrigation using a very effective management tool (EnviroScan, Sentek Environmental Innovations, Pty., Kent, Australia) that continuously monitors soil water content with highly accurate capacitance multi-sensor probes installed at several depths within the soil profile. The system measures crop water use by monitoring soil water depletion rates and allows the maintenance of soil water content within the optimum range (below field capacity and well above the onset of plant water stress). The study is being conducted in growers' orchards with three tropical fruit crops (avocado, carambola, and `Tahiti' lime) to facilitate rapid adoption and utilization of research results.

scholarly journals Contrasting Water Use Strategies of Tamarix ramosissima in Different Habitats in the Northwest of Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2791
Author(s):  
Pengyan Su ◽  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Deye Qu ◽  
Jiaxin Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Tamarix Ramosissima ◽  
Water Line ◽  
Meteoric Water Line ◽  
Utilization Ratio

As a species for ecological restoration in northern China, Tamarix ramosissima plays an important role in river protection, flood control, regional climate regulation, and landscape construction with vegetation. Two sampling sites were selected in the hillside and floodplain habitats along the Lanzhou City, and the xylems of T. ramosissima and potential water sources were collected, respectively. The Bayesian mixture model (MixSIAR) and soil water excess (SW-excess) were applied to analyze the relationship on different water pools and the utilization ratios of T. ramosissima to potential water sources in two habitats. The results showed that the slope and intercept of local meteoric water line (LMWL) in two habitats were smaller compared with the global meteoric water line (GMWL), which indicated the existence of drier climate and strong evaporation in the study area, especially in the hillside habitat. Except for the three months in hillside, the SW-excess of T. ramosissima were negative, which indicated that xylems of T. ramosissima are more depleted in δ2H than the soil water line. In growing seasons, the main water source in hillside habitat was deep soil water (80~150 cm) and the utilization ratio was 63 ± 17% for T. ramosissima, while the main water source in floodplain habitat was shallow soil water (0~30 cm), with a utilization ratio of 42.6 ± 19.2%, and the water sources were different in diverse months. T. ramosissima has a certain adaptation mechanism and water-use strategies in two habitats, and also an altered water uptake pattern in acquiring the more stable water. This study will provide a theoretical basis for plant water management in ecological environment protection in the Loess Plateau.

scholarly journals Hot drought reduces the effects of elevated CO 2 on tree water‐use efficiency and carbon metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 226 (6) ◽  
pp. 1607-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Birami ◽  
Thomas Nägele ◽  
Marielle Gattmann ◽  
Yakir Preisler ◽  
Andreas Gast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Tree Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water use by winter wheat as affected by soil management

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Goss ◽  
K. R. Howse ◽  
Judith M. Vaughan-Williams ◽  
M. A. Ward ◽  
W. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Potential Yield

SummaryIn each of the years from September 1977 to July 1982 winter wheat was grown on one or more of three clay soil sites (clay content 35–55%) in Oxfordshire where the climate is close to the average for the area of England growing winter cereals.The effects on crop water use of different soil management practices, including ploughing, direct drilling and subsoil drainage, are compared. Cultivation treatment had little effect on the maximum depth of water extraction, which on average in these clay soils was 1·54 m below the soil surface. Maximum soil water deficit was also little affected by cultivation; the maximum recorded value was 186±7·6 mm. Subsoil drainage increased the maximum depth of water extraction by approximately 15 cm and the maximum soil water deficit by about 17 mm.Generally soil management had little effect on either total water use by the crop which was found to be close to the potential evaporation estimated by the method of Penman, or water use efficiency which for these crops was about 52 kg/ha par mm water used.Results are discussed in relation to limitations to potential yield.

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