scholarly journals Life cycle matters: DNA barcoding reveals contrasting community structure between fern sporophytes and gametophytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel H. Nitta ◽  
Jean-Yves Meyer ◽  
Ravahere Taputuarai ◽  
Charles C. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dna Barcoding

Detection of a new Clytia species (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae) with DNA barcoding and life cycle analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 2075-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konglin Zhou ◽  
Lianming Zheng ◽  
Jinru He ◽  
Yuanshao Lin ◽  
Wenqing Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Complex Life Cycles ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Whole Life Cycle ◽  
Medusa Stage

The genus Clytia is distributed worldwide, but most accepted species in this genus have been examined either only at the hydroid or medusa stage. The challenge in identifying Clytia species reflects their complex life cycles and phenotypic plasticity. In this study, molecular and morphological investigations of Clytia specimens from the coastal waters of China revealed an as yet unreported species, designated C. xiamenensis sp. nov., that was considered as conspecific to two nearly cosmopolitan species, C. hemisphaerica and C. gracilis. DNA barcoding based on partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (16S) confirmed the highly distinct lineage of C. xiamenensis sp. nov. These results were corroborated by the detailed observations of its mature medusae and its colonies, which showed that C. xiamenensis sp. nov. was morphologically distinct from other species of Clytia. Thus, based on our findings, the nearly cosmopolitan distribution attributed to some species of Clytia might rather be due to the misidentification, and it is necessary to elucidate their whole life cycle in order to establish the systematic validity of all species within the genus Clytia.

scholarly journals Diversity and Life-Cycle Analysis of Pacific Ocean Zooplankton by Videomicroscopy and Dna Barcoding: Crustacea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J Bryant ◽  
Timothy Arehart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Small Element ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Coi Sequences

Determining the DNA sequencing of a small element in the mitochondrial DNA (DNA barcoding) makes it possible to easily identify individuals of different larval stages of marine crustaceans without the need for laboratory rearing. It can also be used to construct taxonomic trees, although it is not yet clear to what extent this barcode-based taxonomy reflects more traditional morphological or molecular taxonomy. Collections of zooplankton were made using conventional plankton nets in Newport Bay and the Pacific Ocean near Newport Beach, California (Lat. 33.628342, Long. -117.927933) between May 2013 and January 2020, and individual crustacean specimens were documented by videomicroscopy. Adult crustaceans were collected from solid substrates in the same areas. Specimens were preserved in ethanol and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada for sequencing of the COI DNA barcode. From 1042 specimens, 544 COI sequences were obtained falling into 199 Barcode Identification Numbers (BINs), of which 76 correspond to recognized species. The results show the utility of DNA barcoding for matching life-cycle stages as well as for documenting the diversity of this group of organisms.

scholarly journals Diversity and life-cycle analysis of Pacific Ocean zooplankton by videomicroscopy and DNA barcoding: Crustacea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bryant ◽  
Timothy Arehart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Small Element ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Life Cycle Stages

Crustacea larvae and adults make up a large fraction of the biomass and number of organisms in both holoplankton (organisms that spend their entire lives in the plankton) and meroplankton (organisms that spend their larval stages in the plankton). The life cycles of these animals can be studied by raising individuals and studying them longitudinally in the laboratory, but this method can be very laborious. Here we show that DNA sequencing of a small element in the mitochondrial DNA (DNA barcoding) makes it possible to easily link life-cycle phases without the need for laboratory rearing. It can also be used to construct taxonomic trees, although it is not yet clear to what extent this barcode-based taxonomy reflects more traditional morphological or molecular taxonomy. Collections of zooplankton were made using conventional plankton nets in Newport Bay and the Pacific Ocean near Newport Beach, California, and individual crustacean specimens were documented by videomicroscopy. Adult crustaceans were collected from solid substrates in the same areas. Specimens were preserved in ethanol and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada for sequencing of the COI DNA barcode. From 1042 specimens, 609 COI sequences were obtained falling into 169 Barcode Identification Numbers (BINs), of which 85 correspond to recognized species. The results show the utility of DNA barcoding for matching life-cycle stages as well as for documenting the diversity of this group of organisms.

scholarly journals Diversity and Life-cycle Analysis of Pacific Ocean Zooplankton by Videomicroscopy and DNA Barcoding. I. Cnidaria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Bryant ◽  
Timothy E. Arehart
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Solid Substrates ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The University

AbstractMost, but not all cnidarian species in the classes Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa and Anthozoa have a life cycle in which a colonial, asexually reproducing hydroid phase alternates with a free-swimming, sexually reproducing medusa phase that, in the hydrozoans, is usually microscopic. Hydrozoan medusae were collected by zooplankton tows in Newport Bay and the Pacific Ocean near Newport Beach, California, and hydroid colonies were collected from solid substrates in the same areas. Specimens were documented by videomicroscopy, preserved in ethanol, and sent to the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding at the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada for DNA barcoding.Among the order Anthomedusae (athecate hydroids), DNA barcoding allowed for the discrimination between the medusae of eight putative species of Bougainvillia, and the hydroid stages were documented for two of these. The medusae of three putative species of Amphinema were identified, and the hydroid stages were identified for two of them. DNA barcodes were obtained from medusae of one species of Cladonema, one adult of the By-the wind Sailor, Velella Velella, five putative species of Corymorpha with the matching hydroid phase for one; and Coryne eximia, Turritopsis dohrnii and Turritopsis nutricula with the corresponding hydroid phases. The actinula larvae and hydroid for the pink-hearted hydroid Ectopleura crocea were identified and linked by DNA barcoding.Among the order Leptomedusae (thecate hydroids) medusae were identified for Clytia elsaeoswaldae, Clytia gracilis and Clytia sp. 701 AC and matched with the hydroid phases for the latter two species. Medusae were matched with the hydroid phases for two species of Obelia (including O. dichotoma) and Eucheilota bakeri. Obelia geniculata was collected as a single hydroid. DNA barcodes were obtained for hydroids of Orthopyxis everta and three other species of Orthopyxis.The medusa of one member of the family Solmarisidae, representing the order Narcomedusae, and one member (Liriope tetraphylla) of the order Trachymedusae were recognized as medusae.In the Scyphozoa, DNA barcoding confirmed the planktonic larval stage (ephyra) of the Moon Jelly, Aurelia aurita, the adult medusa of which is occasionally common in and around Newport Bay. In the Anthozoa, antipathula larvae were identified from the Onion Anemone, Paranthus rapiformis and a cerinula larva was identified from the Tube-dwelling Anemone, Isarachnanthus nocturnus. We have yet to find the adults of these species locally.

LONG LIFE CYCLES IN INSECTS

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Danks
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Quality Food ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Prolonged Dormancy

AbstractSeveral insect species have life cycles that last more than 1 year, because of very slow growth, repeated or prolonged dormancies, or very long lived adults. These long life cycles are correlated with environmental adversities, such as cold or unpredictable temperatures, patchy, unreliable or low quality food supplies, and natural enemies, as well as with some other properties such as large size. Long life cycles are most prevalent when several of these factors are present simultaneously. Adversities tend to prolong the life cycle of all individuals in the population, whereas unpredictability tends to extend the life cycle of only some individuals. Extreme extensions, such as diapause for more than 10 years, usually affect only a very small fraction of the population. Modest extensions, such as development over 2 years, prolonged dormancy for one additional adverse season, cohort-splitting between 1- and 2-year life cycles, and oviposition over two seasons, are relatively common. Insects with long life cycles provide insights into the nature of adaptations to adverse and unpredictable conditions, and also provide useful material for the analysis of questions related to population and community structure.

scholarly journals Agrilus mali Matsumara (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), a new invasive pest of wild apple in western China: DNA barcoding and life cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1160-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohir A. Bozorov ◽  
Zhaohui Luo ◽  
Xiaoshuang Li ◽  
Daoyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Western China ◽  
Invasive Pest

scholarly journals DNA Barcoding revealing the occurrence of Isarachnanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Ceriantharia) in Cape Verde

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. e20195940
Author(s):  
Sérgio Nascimento Stampar ◽  
Celine S.S. Lopes ◽  
Stefany Archangelo de Angelis ◽  
André Carrara Morandini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns

The occurrence of Isarachnanthus Carlgren, 1924 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Ceriantharia) specimens in Cape Verde Islands is recorded. Identification of the tube anemone species Isarachnanthus maderensis (Johnson, 1861) was possible based on DNA Barcoding. A discussion on biogeographic patterns associated with ocean circulation and life cycle is presented.

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