Fabrication method for grating‐mode‐type SAW resonator used in voltage‐controlled oscillator: optimum shape for electrode fingers and investigation of accurate process techniques

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Asai ◽  
Mitsutaka Hikita ◽  
Atsushi Isobe ◽  
Atsushi Sumioka ◽  
Takeshi Tada
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Shape ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Fabrication Method

A Constant-Current-Controlled Class-C Voltage-Controlled Oscillator using Self-Adjusting Replica Bias Circuit

2015 ◽  
Vol E98.C (6) ◽  
pp. 471-479
Author(s):  
Teerachot SIRIBURANON ◽  
Wei DENG ◽  
Kenichi OKADA ◽  
Akira MATSUZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Constant Current ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Class C

Power Efficient Implementation of Low Noise CMOS LC VCO using 32nm Technology for RF Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Shitesh Tiwari ◽  
Sumant Katiyal ◽  
Parag Parandkar
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Phase Noise ◽  
Tuning Range ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Low Phase Noise ◽  
Lc Vco

Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) is an integral component of most of the receivers such as GSM, GPS etc. As name indicates, oscillation is controlled by varying the voltage at the capacitor of LC tank. By varying the voltage, VCO can generate variable frequency of oscillation. Different VCO Parameters are contrasted on the basis of phase noise, tuning range, power consumption and FOM. Out of these phase noise is dependent on quality factor, power consumption, oscillation frequency and current. So, design of LC VCO at low power, low phase noise can be obtained with low bias current at low voltage.  Nanosize transistors are also contributes towards low phase noise. This paper demonstrates the design of low phase noise LC VCO with 4.89 GHz tuning range from 7.33-11.22 GHz with center frequency at 7 GHz. The design uses 32nm technology with tuning voltage of 0-1.2 V. A very effective Phase noise of -114 dBc / Hz is obtained with FOM of -181 dBc/Hz. The proposed work has been compared with five peer LC VCO designs working at higher feature sizes and outcome of this performance comparison dictates that the proposed work working at better 32 nm technology outperformed amongst others in terms of achieving low Tuning voltage and moderate FoM, overshadowed by a little expense of power dissipation. 

Fabrication and Characterization of Biocomposite Using Grewia Optiva Fibre (i.e. Bhimal) Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1105 ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Gupta ◽  
Kishor Kalauni
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
View Point ◽  
Engineering Material ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Grewia Optiva ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

Bhimal fibres are quite a newer kind of bio-degradable fibres. They have never been heard before in literatures from the view point of their utility as engineering material. These fibres have been utilized for investigation of their properties. Characterization of this fibre is essential to determine its properties for further use as reinforcing fibre in polymeric, bio-degradable and other kinds of matrix. With this objective, the fabrication method and other mechanical properties of Bhimal-reinforced-PVA biocomposite have been discussed. The stress-strain curves and load-deflection characteristics are obtained. The tensile, compressive, flexure and impact strengths have been calculated. The results are shown in tables and graphs. The results obtained are compared with other existing natural fibre biocomposites. From the observations, it has been concluded that the tensile strength of Bhimal-reinforced-PVA biocomposite is higher than other natural fibre composites. Hence these can be used as reinforcement to produce much lighter weight biocomposites.

scholarly journals An Ultra-Low-Power K-Band 22.2 GHz-to-26.9 GHz Current-Reuse VCO Using Dynamic Back-Gate-Biasing Technique

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Deng ◽  
Peiqi Tan
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Tuning Range ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Back Gate ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Current Reuse ◽  
K Band

An ultra-low-power K-band LC-VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) with a wide tuning range is proposed in this paper. Based on the current-reuse topology, a dynamic back-gate-biasing technique is utilized to reduce power consumption and increase tuning range. With this technique, small dimension cross-coupled pairs are allowed, reducing parasitic capacitors and power consumption. Implemented in SMIC 55 nm 1P7M CMOS process, the proposed VCO achieves a frequency tuning range of 19.1% from 22.2 GHz to 26.9 GHz, consuming only 1.9 mW–2.1 mW from 1.2 V supply and occupying a core area of 0.043 mm2. The phase noise ranges from −107.1 dBC/HZ to −101.9 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset over the whole tuning range, while the total harmonic distortion (THD) and output power achieve −40.6 dB and −2.9 dBm, respectively.

scholarly journals A 1.55-to-32-Gb/s Four-Lane Transmitter with 3-Tap Feed Forward Equalizer and Shared PLL in 28-nm CMOS

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Chen Cai ◽  
Xuqiang Zheng ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Danyu Wu ◽  
Jian Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Output Driver ◽  
28 Nm

This paper presents a fully integrated physical layer (PHY) transmitter (TX) suiting for multiple industrial protocols and compatible with different protocol versions. Targeting a wide operating range, the LC-based phase-locked loop (PLL) with a dual voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) was integrated to provide the low jitter clock. Each lane with a configurable serialization scheme was adapted to adjust the data rate flexibly. To achieve high-speed data transmission, several bandwidth-extended techniques were introduced, and an optimized output driver with a 3-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) was proposed to accomplish high-quality data transmission and equalization. The TX prototype was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process, and a single-lane TX only occupied an active area of 0.048 mm2. The shared PLL and clock distribution circuits occupied an area of 0.54 mm2. The proposed PLL can support a tuning range that covers 6.2 to 16 GHz. Each lane's data rate ranged from 1.55 to 32 Gb/s, and the energy efficiency is 1.89 pJ/bit/lane at a 32-Gb/s data rate and can tune an equalization up to 10 dB.

Study of a novel fabrication method of 3D Ag-based nanoporous structures for electrochemical detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 ◽  
pp. 114990
Author(s):  
Yu Tian ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Dongxue Han ◽  
Shifan Zhao ◽  
Yuanwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Nanoporous Structures

scholarly journals Floating-on-water Fabrication Method for Thin Polydimethylsiloxane Membranes

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daehan Kim ◽  
Sung-Hwan Kim ◽  
Joong Yull Park
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Special Equipment

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes are used in various applications, such as microvalves, micropumps, microlenses, and cell culture substrates, with various thicknesses from microscale to nanoscale. In this study, we propose a simple fabrication method for PDMS membranes on a water surface, referred to as the floating-on-water (FoW) method. FoW can be used to easily fabricate PDMS membranes with thicknesses of a few micrometers (minimum 3 μm) without special equipment. In addition, as the membrane is fabricated on the water surface, it can be easily handled without damage. In addition, alternative membrane structures were demonstrated, such as membrane-on-pins and droplet-shaped membranes. FoW can be widely used in various applications that require PDMS membranes with microscale thicknesses.

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