scholarly journals Bet‐hedging as a complex interaction among developmental instability, environmental heterogeneity, dispersal, and life‐history strategy

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Scheiner
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Developmental Instability ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Bet Hedging

The necessity for testing germination of fresh seeds in studies on diaspore heteromorphism as a life-history strategy

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Juan J. Lu ◽  
Carol C. Baskin ◽  
Dun Y. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Bet Hedging ◽  
High Dispersal ◽  
Dimorphic Species ◽  
Dispersal Characteristics

AbstractMany studies have compared diaspore dispersal ability and degree of dormancy in the two diaspores of dimorphic plant species. A primary goal of these studies was to determine if germination and dispersal characteristics of the two morphs fit within a high risk–low risk (bet-hedging) life-history strategy, i.e. high dispersal/low dormancy in one morph versus low dispersal/high dormancy in the other one. In a survey of 26 papers on 28 diaspore dimorphic species, we found that in 12 of the studies, which were published between 1978 and 2008, seeds were stored, and thus possibly afterripened, before they were tested for germination. The 14 papers that tested fresh seeds were published between 1963 and 2010. Failure to test fresh seeds likely resulted in misinterpretation of the diaspore dispersal/dormancy strategy in some of the species investigated. We conclude that it is imperative that fresh seeds be tested for germination in order to be certain that the correct relationship between dispersal and dormancy is elucidated, and thus that the correct interpretation is made concerning life-history strategy and bet-hedging, in dimorphic species.

Environmental heterogeneity and life history variability in the freshwater clams, Pisidium variabile (Prime) and Pisidium compressum (Prime) (Bivalvia: Pisidiidae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2841-2851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl M. Way ◽  
Thomas E. Wissing
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Bet Hedging ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Age At First Reproduction ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Life History Characteristics ◽  
Freshwater Clams

The pisidiid clams, Pisidium variabile (Prime) and Pisidium compressum (Prime), from permanent ponds in southwestern Ohio are iteroparous, bivoltine, and have approximate longevities of 1 year. Intrapopulation differences in life history characteristics are discussed in relation to environmental heterogeneity. For the P. variabile population, only age at first reproduction (110 and 226 days for the spring and fall generations, respectively) is different for both annual generations. This is due to differences in environmental variables (temperature, dissolved oxygen levels, food availability) which set physiological limits on growth, reproduction, and maintenance functions. The spring and fall generations of P. compressum show differences in several life history characteristics: age at first reproductive (122 and 270 days, respectively), net reproductive rate (8.7 and 3.7, respectively), r (0.005 and 0.003, respectively), and the number of broods per year (2 and 1, respectively). The results of this study tend to question the validity of using current theories (e.g, r- and K-selection, bet-hedging) which attempt to predict the set of demographic characteristics that should be found in populations under varying environmental circumstances.

The biogeography of human diversity in life history strategy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio José Figueredo ◽  
Steven C. Hertler ◽  
Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Human Diversity

Experimentally increased costs of parental care are shunted to offspring in species with extended care

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen F. Wagner ◽  
Emeline Mourocq ◽  
Michael Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Trade Offs

Biparental care systems are a valuable model to examine conflict, cooperation, and coordination between unrelated individuals, as the product of the interactions between the parents influences the fitness of both individuals. A common experimental technique for testing coordinated responses to changes in the costs of parental care is to temporarily handicap one parent, inducing a higher cost of providing care. However, dissimilarity in experimental designs of these studies has hindered interspecific comparisons of the patterns of cost distribution between parents and offspring. Here we apply a comparative experimental approach by handicapping a parent at nests of five bird species using the same experimental treatment. In some species, a decrease in care by a handicapped parent was compensated by its partner, while in others the increased costs of care were shunted to the offspring. Parental responses to an increased cost of care primarily depended on the total duration of care that offspring require. However, life history pace (i.e., adult survival and fecundity) did not influence parental decisions when faced with a higher cost of caring. Our study highlights that a greater attention to intergenerational trade-offs is warranted, particularly in species with a large burden of parental care. Moreover, we demonstrate that parental care decisions may be weighed more against physiological workload constraints than against future prospects of reproduction, supporting evidence that avian species may devote comparable amounts of energy into survival, regardless of life history strategy.

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