scholarly journals Cattle grazing results in greater floral resources and pollinators than sheep grazing in low‐diversity grasslands

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine Cutter ◽  
Torre Hovick ◽  
Devan McGranahan ◽  
Jason Harmon ◽  
Ryan Limb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Low Diversity

Parasitism and production in weaner sheep grazing alternately with cattle

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (92) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
IA Barger ◽  
WH Southcott
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Trichostrongylus Colubriformis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cooperia Oncophora ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts

Three systems for the post-weaning management of Merino wethers were compared over two years. In all systems, the sheep were given two anthelmintic treatments with levamisole per year; at weaning in January, and in July. In the first system (SC) the same paddock was used as a weaning paddock each year in succession. In the second system (SC 6) sheep and cattle grazed the paddock alternately for 6- month periods from January and July; the third system (SC 12) comprised sheep and cattle grazing alternately for 12-month periods from July of each year. Compared with the SC treatment, weaners from the SC 6 treatment had significantly lower faecal egg counts and lower burdens of Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylm axei, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Nematodirus spp. They had significantly higher numbers of Cooperia oncophora and similar numbers of Ostertagia circumcincta. SC 6 sheep made greater liveweight gains, produced heavier fleeces, and suffered lower mortalities than their SC counterparts. Results for the SC 12 system were usually intermediate. In a third year, the SC 12 system was modified to include a monthly treatment with levamisole. The liveweight gains, egg counts and mortalities of the monthly treatment sheep did not differ significantly from those of the SC 6 sheep. Both systems were superior to the SC treatment in controlling nematode infections in weaner sheep. There were no significant effects of any treatment on liveweight gains of cattle, although outbreaks of ostertagiosis occurred in the third year in two of the four replicates of the SC system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of elite white clover germplasm under rotational cattle and sheep grazing

1991 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
J.R. Caradus
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Clover Content ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Four white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars, 4 pre-release cultivars and 24 breeding lines were evaluated in small plots in mixed species swards under rotational cattle and sheep grazing for 2 years. There was no significant stock class x line interaction for proportion of clover in the sward. There was no evidence that medium- and smallleaved types yielded better under sheep grazing while larger-leaved types yielded better under cattle grazing. Lines with the highest clover content tended to be large leaved and upright irrespective of stock class. They also had moderate to high stolon growing point densities. Breeding programmes have developed lines with high stolon growing point densities, ensuring vegetative persistence, while still maintaining a high proportion of clover in the sward. These pre-release cultivars and breeding lines gave significantly better clover contents than existing cultivars. Keywords cultivars, selections, plant habit, cyanogenesis, stolon growing point density, clover content, cattle grazing, sheep grazing

scholarly journals COMPARISONS OF CATTLE GRAZING AND SHEEP GRAZING

1976 ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
C.C. Boswell
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Rapid Deterioration

Controversy has surrounded the possible differences in pasture production which result from grazing by cattle or sheep. Experiments conducted over the 1972-76 period show that pasture production under grazing by sheep is greater than under grazing by cattle under similar intensive managements. A change from sheep grazing to cattle grazing can cause a rapid deterioration in pasture production, while the change in grazing from cattle to sheep brought a slo~ver improvement in pasture production. Cattle grazing restricted the production of the ryegrass component of the pastures in the five management systems considered.

scholarly journals Effect of alternate and simultaneous grazing on endoparasite infection in sheep and cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana Lima Brito ◽  
Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago ◽  
Helder Louvandini ◽  
Viviane Rodrigues Verdolin dos Santos ◽  
Sonia Emília Figueirêdo de Araújo Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Cell Series ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

This experiment was carried out on 8 ha of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania pastures, with rotational grazing consisting of 7 days of occupation and 21 days of rest. Four treatments were evaluated: cattle grazing alone (BOV), sheep grazing alone (OVI), cattle and sheep grazing simultaneously (SIM) and cattle grazing followed by sheep (alternate - ALT). Twenty heifers and 30 male Santa Inês lambs were used. Fecal egg count (FEC) and fecal cultures were carried out. Blood was also collected to examine red and white cell series, total plasma protein (TPP), albumin and hemoglobin. FEC and estimated nematode pathogenicity index in sheep were lower in the SIM treatment. The Haemonchus spp. proportion was higher in isolated grazing systems. For sheep, mixed grazing was shown to reduce endoparasite infection, and SIM was better than ALT. For cattle, no difference between grazing systems was seen. Therefore, simultaneous grazing (sheep and cattle) may be a tool for reducing the need for anthelmintic treatments in sheep.

scholarly journals Single Grazing Is More Detrimental to Grasslands Than Mixed Grazing: Evidence From the Response of Functional Traits of Dominant Plants to Grazing Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Jinghui Zhang ◽  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Huamin Liu ◽  
Lixin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Plant Functional Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Inner Mongolia Grassland ◽  
Grazing Systems

Plant functional traits reflect species ecological strategies and determine how plants respond to environmental changes, however, how dominant species in the Inner Mongolia grassland adapt to different grazing systems by changing their functional traits has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we established four 7-year grazing treatments in the Inner Mongolia grassland: cattle grazing, sheep grazing, mixed sheep and cattle grazing, and no grazing. Fourteen functional traits of three dominant species (Stipa grandis, Leymus chinensis, and Cleistogenes squarrosa) were measured under the different grazing treatments. We found convergences of plant functional traits that indicate herbivory avoidance or tolerance. Plants reduced their vegetative height (VH) and stem: leaf ratio (SLR) to avoid grazing; increased their ability to acquire resources by increasing their specific leaf area (SLA), leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), and leaf phosphorus concentration (LPC); and reduced their leaf dry matter content (LDMC) to tolerate grazing. Moreover, plants may adapt to grazing by increasing the intraspecific variability of their functional traits. Sheep-only grazing adversely affected L. chinensis growth and survival, while cattle-only grazing hindered S. grandis growth and increased the intraspecific variability of its plant functional traits. Our study emphasizes that intraspecific variability is an important indicator of the responses of plant functional traits to grazing. Since single grazing is more detrimental to the functional traits of dominant plants, we suggest that mixed cattle and sheep grazing may be a more environmentally friendly and sustainable practice for the Inner Mongolia grassland than single grazing.

Density and DIstribution of Emus

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Grice ◽  
G Caughley ◽  
J Short
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Commercial Purpose

Emus are most abundant in areas used for extensive sheep grazing. Their density is lower in grain-growing areas, lower still in areas used for extensive cattle grazing, and lowest in those areas that are not used for any commercial purpose (mainly deserts). This pattern of emu density appears to be linked to climatic factors determining the availability of food during breeding, to the availability of naturally occurring and artificially stored surface water, and to the prevalence of dingos.

scholarly journals Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Structure, Plant N Pools and Soil N Content in Relation to Grassland Management

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Juliette M. G. Bloor ◽  
Antoine Tardif ◽  
Julien Pottier
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Herbivore Species

Spatial heterogeneity in plant and soil properties plays a key role for biogeochemical cycling, nutrient losses and ecosystem function. Different management practices are expected to induce varying levels of spatial heterogeneity in agroecosystems, but the effects of contrasting biomass removal regimes and herbivore species on grassland variability and spatial pattern have faced little attention. We carried out a spatially-explicit sampling campaign and geostatistical analyses to quantify the spatial heterogeneity of the biomass and N in plants and soil for three management treatments (mowing, cattle grazing and sheep grazing) within a long-term grassland experiment. All plant and soil properties showed within-site variation, irrespective of management treatment. Within-site variation in plant variables could be ranked as grazing > mowing. Cattle grazing increased variability in vegetation structure, soil mineral N and soil C:N compared with sheep grazing. In addition, the cattle-grazed field had a higher degree of spatial structure and a more coarse-grained pattern of spatial heterogeneity in plant properties than the sheep-grazed field. However, both grazing treatments showed spatial asynchrony in above- and below-ground responses to grazing. These results demonstrate the importance of herbivore species identity as a driver of grassland spatial heterogeneity, with implications for spatial uncoupling of nutrient cycles at the field scale.

The effect of grazing cattle and sheep together

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (47) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Bennett ◽  
FHW Morley ◽  
KW Clark ◽  
ML Dudzinski
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Cattle Management ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Native Pastures ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Stocking Rates

The performance of sheep and cattle grazing together was compared with that of sheep grazing only with sheep and of cattle grazing only with cattle. Comparisons were made at five stocking rates over three years at the Ginninderra Experiment Station, near Canberra, A.C.T. The cattle, Aberdeen Angus steers, gained less weight in autumn and winter if grazing with sheep (Merino ewes) than did cattle grazing only with cattle. During spring, however, they grew faster and, by late spring, differences between the groups were small and not significant. Sheep grazing with cattle grew more wool, and produced more lambs with higher weaner weights, than sheep grazing only with sheep. The effect of stocking rate on animal performance varied greatly through the year. In spring and summer, gains of young cattle were not greatly affected by stocking rate, and were sometimes highest at highest stocking rates. In autumn, winter, and early spring an additional one-eighth steers per acre decreased daily gains by 0.2 kg, or even more. Older steers at highest stocking rates gained much more in spring than did those on lowest stocking rates. Stocking rate affected all attributes of sheep when grazing alone, but had little effect on sheep grazing with cattle. This study indicates that there could be substantial advantages from running cattle with sheep. The performance of sheep would be improved, and that of cattle reduced only slightly, compared with systems running the species separately. Compensatory gains in spring offer considerable benefits to cattle management, but may limit the value of practices such as supplementary feeding of cattle in winter. Similar results are likely wherever cool temperate, improved pastures are grazed at high stocking rates. Different results are likely from native pastures, and semi-arid environments.

Effects of cattle grazing, sheep grazing, cutting and sward height on a grass-white clover sward

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Briseño De La Hoz ◽  
D. Wilman
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Bromus Mollis

SUMMARYThirteen defoliation treatments were applied to a grass-white clover sward for 2 years to study some effects on the sward of cattle grazing compared with sheep grazing compared with various cutting treatments and to study the effect of height of defoliation.Sheep actively sought out the clover in preference to grass whereas the cattle did not. The response of the clover to sheep grazing was a large reduction in the amount of stolon, shorter internodes, petioles and leaflets, and thinner stolon closer to the ground. Reducing the height of defoliation from 8 to 4 cm above ground level also reduced the dimensions of white clover. The clover, however, appeared to recover quickly and completely from the effects both of sheep grazing and of reducing the height of defoliation when these treatments were discontinued. In plots cut for hay the clover disappeared from the sward suddenly and completely in dry conditions following the 2nd-year hay cut. The effect of cattle grazing on white clover was similar to the effect of comparable cutting treatments. Cattle grazing, however, reduced the number of tillers of grass andincreased the proportion of bare ground, compared with cutting or sheep grazing. Grazing rather than cutting tended to encourage perennial ryegrass and to discourage Holcus. Cutting for hay encouraged Bromus mollis. Reducing the height of defoliation reduced leaf sheath and blade length and the rate of production of new blade per tiller in perennial ryegrass, but increased the numbers of tillers of grasses.

THE PERFORMANCE OF S170 TALL FESCUE IN CANTERBURY

1974 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
B.R. Watkin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Selection Of

AN Aberystwyth selection of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), known as S170, was sown with certified New Zealand white clover (Trifolium repens) and re' clover (T. pratense) and compared under sheep grazing with other grass/clover pastures at the Grasslands Division Regional Station at Lincoln (Watkin, 1975) .

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