scholarly journals Phenotypic stability in scalar calcium of freshwater fish across a wide range of aqueous calcium availability in nature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Sanderson ◽  
Alison M. Derry ◽  
Andrew P. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Phenotypic Stability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Calcium Availability

Assessment of the movement behaviour of the bullhead (Cottus gobio), an endangered European freshwater fish

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Lowland River ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Cottus Gobio ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDespite the increasing recognition that in-stream movement probably represents an important aspect of the ecology of many stream fish populations, there is still limited and often conflicting information on the movement behaviour of a wide range of fish, especially species that are threatened and/or with no economic interest. In this study, movement behaviour of the endangered bullhead (Cottus gobio), a small, bottom-dwelling European freshwater fish, was assessed by mark-recapture in a Flemish (northern part of Belgium) lowland river between September 2002 and May 2003. The majority (61-72%) of tagged bullheads recaptured during the different sampling occasions were found at or near (< 10 m) their initial tagging site. The other re-sighted specimens however had covered distances between 20 and 270 m. There were no significant indications of seasonal differences in bullhead movement behaviour. In general, our results strongly suggest that bullhead populations not only consist of stationary individuals but also of relatively mobile fish. Consequently, to effectively conserve this endangered species, fisheries managers should (i) consider sufficiently large areas of habitat as critical to bullhead populations, and (ii) minimise the impact of physical barriers on bullhead movement.

The life cycle of Haplorchis pumilio (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from the Indian region

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Umadevi ◽  
R. Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Large Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indian Region ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Experimental Infections ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Haplorchis Pumilio ◽  
Thiara Tuberculata

AbstractThe life cycle of the heterophyid fluke, Haplorchis pumilio is elucidated for the first time from the Indian region. Various stages in the life cycle were established based on observations made on natural infections found in snails and fish in a freshwater stream at Visakhapatnam, India and experimental infections carried out in the laboratory. The thiarid snail, Thiara tuberculata served as the first intermediate host and a wide range of freshwater fish as second intermediate hosts. Natural infections with adult flukes were found in the piscivorous birds Ardeola grayii and Bubulcus ibis. Adults were raised experimentally in day-old chicks. Distinguishing features of the cercaria of H. pumilio are: a large body size (200–224×92–96 μm), body–tail ratio of 1:2.1 and densely distributed pigment granules in the parenchyma imparting a brownish tinge to the body. Natural infections with metacercariae were found in the freshwater fish Channa punctatus, C. orientalis, Puntius sophore, Gambusia affinis and fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio and Liza macrolepis. Additionally, experimental infections were established in Therapon jarbua, Esomus danricus and Oreochromis mossambica. Metacercariae were embedded in the caudal muscles of fish and heavy infections induced mortality. Metacercariae were infective at about 15 days of age.

scholarly journals Neolitički prijelaz na zemljoradnju na sjevernom Jadranu. Tolerancija laktoze, mljekarstvo i lipidni biomarkeri na keramici

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihael Budja
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Lipid Biomarkers ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Neolithic Transition ◽  
Lactose Tolerance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Meat Animal

In this paper, we discuss the Neolithic transition to farming in Northern Adriatic, lactose tolerance, dairying and lipid biomarkers on pottery. While archaeological and biochemical data suggest that dairying was adopted in the Neolithic in Europe, archaeogenetic data show the absence of the allelic variant –13910*T and zero persistence in Neolithic populations in Europe. The Mala Triglavca case study shows that the Early Neolithic economy in the Caput Adriae region was mixed. It consisted of milk and processed milk, meat animal products, freshwater fish and various plants. The Vlaška group herders managed a broader spectrum of resources than exclusively ovicaprids, and were able to produce a wide range of low-lactose, storable products by fermenting milk.

scholarly journals Evidence for bluegill spawning plasticity obtained by disentangling complex factors related to recruitment

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Kaemingk ◽  
Kristopher J. Stahr ◽  
Jeffrey C. Jolley ◽  
Richard S. Holland ◽  
David W. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Spawning Behavior ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Duration Magnitude ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Larval Production ◽  
Juvenile Population

Fishes can exhibit many forms of plasticity to maximize fitness. However, limited information exists on the ability of freshwater fish to adjust spawning behavior and characteristics (e.g., timing, duration, magnitude of spawning events) to minimize mortality of recruits and ultimately maximize fitness. We wanted to test the life history hypothesis for bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) (i.e., opportunistic strategy) utilizing existing literature and results from our study to further evaluate the potential for spawning plasticity in this species. Our objective was to identify bluegill recruitment bottlenecks (i.e., periods of high mortality) and factors associated with these events in a single lake during 7 consecutive years. Bluegills exhibited shorter spawning durations and fewer spawning pulses (i.e., peaks in larval production) compared with bluegill in previous studies. Late-hatched (compared with early-hatched) bluegills consistently contributed the most to the fall juvenile population; these recruitment patterns were primarily attributed to biotic drivers. Our study suggests that bluegill could exhibit spawning plasticity and extends our current understanding of adaptations that are potentially capable of increasing fitness for a freshwater fish species under a wide range of environmental conditions and uncertainty.

Utilization of δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S Analyses to Understand 14C Dating Anomalies within a Late Viking Age Community in Northeast Iceland

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 811-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry L Sayle ◽  
Gordon T Cook ◽  
Philippa L Ascough ◽  
Hildur Gestsdóttir ◽  
W Derek Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Freshwater Biota ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Lake Mývatn

Previous stable isotope studies of modern and archaeological faunal samples from sites around Lake Mývatn, within the Mývatnssveit region of northeast Iceland, revealed that an overlap existed between the δ15N ranges of terrestrial herbivores and freshwater fish, while freshwater biota displayed δ13C values that were comparable with marine resources. Therefore, within this specific ecosystem, the separation of terrestrial herbivores, freshwater fish, and marine fish as components of human diet is complicated when only δ13C and δ15N are measured. δ34S measurements carried out within a previous study on animal bones from Skútustaoir, an early Viking age settlement on the south side of Lake Mývatn, showed that a clear offset existed between animals deriving their dietary resources from terrestrial, freshwater, and marine reservoirs. The present study focuses on δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S analyses and radiocarbon dating of human bone collagen from remains excavated from a churchyard at Hofstaoir, 5 km west of Lake Mývatn. The results demonstrate that a wide range of δ34S values exist within individuals, a pattern that must be the result of consumption of varying proportions of terrestrial-, freshwater-, and marine-based resources. For that proportion of the population with14C ages that apparently predate the well-established first human settlement of Iceland (landnám) circa AD 871 ± 2, this has enabled us to explain the reason for these anomalously old ages in terms of marine and/or freshwater14C reservoir effects.

scholarly journals Nanoencapsulated Clove Oil Applied as an Anesthetic at Slaughtering Decreases Stress, Extends the Freshness, and Lengthens Shelf Life of Cultured Fish

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1750
Author(s):  
Amanda Esperanza López-Cánovas ◽  
Isabel Cabas ◽  
Elena Chaves-Pozo ◽  
María Ros-Chumillas ◽  
Laura Navarro-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Flesh Quality ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Required

In the aquaculture industry, fish are stunned using a wide range of methods, but all of them trigger stress responses and affect the fish flesh quality. Chilled water is considered one of the most efficient methods, but even this is not a stress-free experience for the fish. Anesthetics included in the ice slurry or in water could decrease this stress and delay the loss of flesh quality. In this work, we analyze the effect of clove oil (CO) nanoencapsulated in β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) (CO + β-CD), incorporated in the stunning bath, on the stress response and the organoleptic attributes of fresh marine and freshwater fish from four economically important fish species: Atlantic salmon, European seabass, Nile tilapia, and Rainbow trout. CO + β-CD reduces the time required to induce anesthesia, independently of water salinity, habitat or water temperature. The plasmatic glucose and cortisol levels decreased in all four species, although the concentrations of CO varied between species. Moreover, plasmatic lactate level differed between the marine and freshwater fish. The use of CO + β-CD extended the shelf life of fish from all the species studied (by 3–7 days). In conclusion, using CO encapsulated in β-CD for anesthetizing fish can be regarded as an improved fish-stunning technique that reduces the anesthesia-induction time, decreases the stress response, and extends the shelf life of fresh fish.

Utilization of δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S Analyses to Understand 14C Dating Anomalies within a Late Viking Age Community in Northeast Iceland

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 811-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry L Sayle ◽  
Gordon T Cook ◽  
Philippa L Ascough ◽  
Hildur Gestsdóttir ◽  
W Derek Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Freshwater Biota ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Lake Mývatn

Previous stable isotope studies of modern and archaeological faunal samples from sites around Lake Mývatn, within the Mývatnssveit region of northeast Iceland, revealed that an overlap existed between the δ15N ranges of terrestrial herbivores and freshwater fish, while freshwater biota displayed δ13C values that were comparable with marine resources. Therefore, within this specific ecosystem, the separation of terrestrial herbivores, freshwater fish, and marine fish as components of human diet is complicated when only δ13C and δ15N are measured. δ34S measurements carried out within a previous study on animal bones from Skútustaoir, an early Viking age settlement on the south side of Lake Mývatn, showed that a clear offset existed between animals deriving their dietary resources from terrestrial, freshwater, and marine reservoirs. The present study focuses on δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S analyses and radiocarbon dating of human bone collagen from remains excavated from a churchyard at Hofstaoir, 5 km west of Lake Mývatn. The results demonstrate that a wide range of δ34S values exist within individuals, a pattern that must be the result of consumption of varying proportions of terrestrial-, freshwater-, and marine-based resources. For that proportion of the population with 14C ages that apparently predate the well-established first human settlement of Iceland (landnám) circa AD 871 ± 2, this has enabled us to explain the reason for these anomalously old ages in terms of marine and/or freshwater 14C reservoir effects.

Distribution and Morphology of the Rodlet Cell in Fish

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Morrison ◽  
P. H. Odense
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fish Morphology ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Rodlet Cells ◽  
Different Tissues

A short review of the work done on the rodlet cell is presented. The morphology and distribution of rodlet cells in several species of fish, primarily marine, is described and compared with that reported by other authors, mainly in freshwater fish. The morphology in freshwater and marine fish is similar, but variations are present in different tissues in the same fish. The rodlet cell was found in a wide range of tissues in most of the fish studied. It usually occurs in epithelia, with the apex facing the lumen. The possible function of the rodlet cell is discussed. Key words: rodlet cell, fish, morphology, ultrastructure

Recent Applications of High Resolution Electron Microscopy to Crystalline Arrays of Virus Particles

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Wide Range

The technique of surrounding virus particles with a neutralised electron dense stain was described at the Fourth International Congress on Electron Microscopy, Berlin 1958 (see Home & Brenner, 1960, p. 625). For many years the negative staining technique in one form or another, has been applied to a wide range of biological materials. However, the full potential of the method has only recently been explored following the development and applications of optical diffraction and computer image analytical techniques to electron micrographs (cf. De Hosier & Klug, 1968; Markham 1968; Crowther et al., 1970; Home & Markham, 1973; Klug & Berger, 1974; Crowther & Klug, 1975). These image processing procedures have allowed a more precise and quantitative approach to be made concerning the interpretation, measurement and reconstruction of repeating features in certain biological systems.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

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