scholarly journals Molecular study of drought response in the Mediterranean conifer Pinus pinaster Ait.: Differential transcriptomic profiling reveals constitutive water deficit‐independent drought tolerance mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 9788-9807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria de María ◽  
María Ángeles Guevara ◽  
Pedro Perdiguero ◽  
María Dolores Vélez ◽  
José Antonio Cabezas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Transcriptomic Profiling ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Ait ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Lessons Learned from Arson Wildfire Incidence in Reforestations and Natural Stands in Spain

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Da Ponte ◽  
Sergi Costafreda-Aumedes ◽  
Cristina Vega-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Ait ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Fire Incidence ◽  
Fire Type

Wildfires are currently considered the major threat to forests in Mediterranean countries. It has been implied that a large percentage of arson-caused fires in Spain are connected with the extensive reforestation programs implemented between 1940 and 1970. However, no consistent studies have been conducted to study the relationships between arson-caused fires and stand origin. Therefore, the goal of this study was to analyze occurrences and model the influence of forest stand origin (artificial or not) on the development of wildfires in peninsular Spain. Twenty-one neural network models were trained to estimate fire incidence through fire type (surface or crown fire), burned area and total treed burned area, based on stand age (years), canopy cover (%), natural age class (from seedling to mature stages) and fuel type classification. Models were built for reforested stands and natural stands of Pinus pinaster Ait., the Mediterranean pines Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus nigra Arn., Pinus halepensis Mill. and Eucalyptus sp. L’Hér., or groups of these species, and the resulting models were compared. Reforested stands presented higher fire incidence than natural stands mainly for productive species like Pinus pinaster Ait. According to the fire type models, thickets had a large influence in the development of crown fires in reforested stands in a general model for all species, the model with the Mediterranean group of pines, and the Pinus pinaster Ait. model. Vertical continuity influenced crown fire propagation in natural Mediterranean pines and in Eucalyptus stands. Presence of shrubs, grasslands and wood slash was related to surface fires in models for both reforested and natural stands. The results suggested that stand origin was influential on fire incidence, at least with regard to fire type and commercial species in the northwestern region of Spain.

Leaf metabolic response to water deficit in Pinus pinaster Ait. relies upon ontogeny and genotype

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brígida Fernández de Simón ◽  
Miriam Sanz ◽  
María Teresa Cervera ◽  
Ernani Pinto ◽  
Ismael Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Ait ◽  
Response To Water

Variation in tolerance to drought among Tunisian populations ofMedicago truncatula

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounawer Badri ◽  
Imen Bouhaouel ◽  
Soumaya Arraouadi ◽  
Wael Taamalli ◽  
Thierry Huguet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Line Treatment

We analysed the natural variation of drought response in 11 Tunisian populations ofMedicago truncatulasampled from environments that varied in soil composition, salinity and water availability. Plants were cultivated in a greenhouse under well-irrigated and water-deficit treatments (50% of field capacity), and a number of traits associated with drought response were measured. Variance analysis indicated that the variation of phenotypic traits was explained by the effects of population, line, treatment, and population × treatment and line × treatment interactions, with treatment being the one with the greatest effect. A large degree of phenotypic variation for most traits in the two water treatments was found within populations. Most of the measured characters showed higher broad-sense heritabilities (H2) in well-irrigated treatment than in water-deficit treatment. Furthermore, the largest population differentiation (QST) for most of the measured traits was observed under drought stress. Most of the correlations between measured traits under both treatments were positive. Four groups of lines differing in drought tolerance were identified, with 45 susceptible, 14 moderately susceptible, 31 tolerant and 23 most tolerant lines. The tolerant group experienced lowest reductions in the length of plagiotropic axes, length of stems, number of internodes and number of leaves. The large phenotypic variation ofM. truncatulain response to drought stress can be used to identify genes and alleles important for the complex trait of drought tolerance.

scholarly journals EMS Derived Wheat Mutant BIG8-1 (Triticum aestivum L.)—A New Drought Tolerant Mutant Wheat Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5314
Author(s):  
Marlon-Schylor L. le Roux ◽  
Nicolas Francois V. Burger ◽  
Maré Vlok ◽  
Karl J. Kunert ◽  
Christopher A. Cullis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Drought response in wheat is considered a highly complex process, since it is a multigenic trait; nevertheless, breeding programs are continuously searching for new wheat varieties with characteristics for drought tolerance. In a previous study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a mutant known as RYNO3936 that could survive 14 days without water. In this study, we reveal another mutant known as BIG8-1 that can endure severe water deficit stress (21 days without water) with superior drought response characteristics. Phenotypically, the mutant plants had broader leaves, including a densely packed fibrous root architecture that was not visible in the WT parent plants. During mild (day 7) drought stress, the mutant could maintain its relative water content, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and stomatal conductance, with no phenotypic symptoms such as wilting or senescence despite a decrease in soil moisture content. It was only during moderate (day 14) and severe (day 21) water deficit stress that a decline in those variables was evident. Furthermore, the mutant plants also displayed a unique preservation of metabolic activity, which was confirmed by assessing the accumulation of free amino acids and increase of antioxidative enzymes (peroxidases and glutathione S-transferase). Proteome reshuffling was also observed, allowing slow degradation of essential proteins such as RuBisCO during water deficit stress. The LC-MS/MS data revealed a high abundance of proteins involved in energy and photosynthesis under well-watered conditions, particularly Serpin-Z2A and Z2B, SGT1 and Calnexin-like protein. However, after 21 days of water stress, the mutants expressed ABC transporter permeases and xylanase inhibitor protein, which are involved in the transport of amino acids and protecting cells, respectively. This study characterizes a new mutant BIG8-1 with drought-tolerant characteristics suited for breeding programs.

Valorisation of non-timber by-products from maritime pine (Pinus pinaster, Ait) for particleboard production

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 113581
Author(s):  
J. Santos ◽  
J. Pereira ◽  
N. Ferreira ◽  
N. Paiva ◽  
J. Ferra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Ait ◽  
By Products

Does phylogeographical structure relate to climatic niche divergence? A test using maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1302-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Serra-Varela ◽  
D. Grivet ◽  
L. Vincenot ◽  
O. Broennimann ◽  
J. Gonzalo-Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
Climatic Niche ◽  
Niche Divergence ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Ait
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