scholarly journals Estimability of migration survival rates from integrated breeding and winter capture–recapture data

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark S. Rushing
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Capture Recapture

Estimating recruitment from capture–recapture data by modelling spatio‐temporal variation in birth and age‐specific survival rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2115-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Chandler ◽  
Kristin Engebretsen ◽  
Michael J. Cherry ◽  
Elina P. Garrison ◽  
Karl V. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation in age-specific survival rates of a long-lived mammal, the Hawaiian monk seal

2006 ◽  
Vol 274 (1608) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D Baker ◽  
Paul M Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Monachus Schauinslandi ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Monk Seals

Estimates of variability in pinniped survival rates are generally based on observations at single sites, so it is not certain whether observed rates represent the whole population. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of spatio-temporal variation in age-specific survival rates for endangered Hawaiian monk seals ( Monachus schauinslandi ) based on capture–recapture analyses of more than 85% of the pups weaned in this population over the last two decades. Uniquely, these data have been collected from six subpopulations, encompassing all major breeding sites across its 1800 km long core range. Analyses of individual subpopulations revealed similar patterns in age-specific survival, characterized by the relatively low survival rates from weaning to 2 years of age, intermediate rates to 4 years of age, and then by relatively high ‘mature’ survival rates until 17 years of age, after which a senescent decline was observed. Juvenile, subadult and adult survival rates all varied significantly over time. Trends in survival among subpopulations were coherent with their relative geographical positions, suggesting regional structuring and connectedness within the archipelago. Survival rates for different age classes tended to be positively correlated, suggesting that similar factors may influence the survival for seals of all ages.

scholarly journals Demographic consequences of climate variation along an elevational gradient for a montane terrestrial salamander

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Caruso ◽  
Leslie J. Rissler
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Life History Variation ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Asymptotic Size ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractClimate change represents a significant threat to amphibians, which are already imperiled. However, for many species, the relationship between demographic vital rates (survival and growth) and climate is unknown, which limits predictive models. Here we describe the life history variation ofPlethodon montanususing capture-recapture data over a period of four years, at five sites along an elevational gradient to determine how survival and growth vary with temperature, precipitation, and how these relationships vary with elevation. We used a hierarchical model to estimate asymptotic size and growth rate, and used a spatial Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to estimate probability of capture and survival, as well as dispersal variance. Our results show that during the active season, growth and survival rates are both positively affected by precipitation, while survival was positively affected by temperature at all elevations, the relationship between growth rates and temperature varied along the elevational gradient. Generally at lower elevations, higher temperatures led to a decrease in growth while at higher elevations the opposite was true. During the inactive season we found elevational variation in the relationship between survival and the amount of snow; at low elevations snowfall was low but survival decreased with increasing snowfall while at higher elevations increasing snowfall lead to higher survival. Our results demonstrate that understanding how the environment can affect salamander demography to develop mechanistic models, will require knowledge of the actual environmental conditions experienced by a given population as well as an understanding of the overall differences in climate at a given site.

scholarly journals High frequency of social polygyny reveals little costs for females in a songbird

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Santoro ◽  
Pilar Fernández-Díaz ◽  
David Canal ◽  
Carlos Camacho ◽  
László Z. Garamszegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Pair Bonds ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

AbstractMating system theory predicts that social polygyny—when one male forms pair bonds with two females—may evolve by female choice in species with biparental care. Females will accept a polygynous male if the benefit of mating with a male providing high-quality genes or rearing resources outweighs the cost of sharing mate assistance in parental care. Based on this rationale, we hypothesise that the population frequency of social polygyny (FSP) varies due to changes in mate sharing costs caused by changing environmental conditions. We predicted that: (1) polygamous females (i.e. mated with a polygynous male) pay a survival cost compared to monogamous females; (2) FSP would be higher in years with better rearing conditions and (3) the difference in survival rates between monogamous and polygamous females would be small following years with higher FSP. We tested these predictions using regression and multistate analyses of capture-recapture data of pied flycatchers, Ficedula hypoleuca, in central Spain collected over 26 years (1990–2016). Monogamous females had a higher mean survival rate than polygamous females (prediction 1), but there was no difference in survival between polygynous and monogamous males. In addition, FSP was positively associated with annual reproductive success (a proxy of the quality of rearing conditions—prediction 2). Finally, following years with high FSP, the survival of polygamous females was similar to that of monogamous females (prediction 3), while the chance of breeding in a polygamous state for 2 years in a row increased for both males and females. Our findings suggest that fluctuating environmental conditions may be a necessary but neglected aspect of understanding social polygyny mechanisms.

Survival of Alytes cisternasii tadpoles in stream pools: a capture-recapture study using photo-identification

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Ribeiro ◽  
Rui Rebelo
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Life History Stage ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Amphibian Population ◽  
Photo Identification ◽  
Temporary Stream ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
First Time

AbstractFor amphibians with complex life cycles, the regulation of populations may occur in each life history stage and although available data stress the importance of studying amphibian population dynamics during the larval stage, most studies so far still focus only on the adult phase, due to the difficulty to estimate larval survival under field conditions. Through a two-months capture-recapture study of 646 photo-identified tadpoles of Alytes cisternasii we aimed to estimate tadpole survival in isolated temporary stream pools – their main habitat – as well as to evaluate how pool characteristics and intraspecific competition (tadpole density) affect this parameter. Photo-identification was performed with the help of the software I3S. We used the POPAN formulation of the Jolly-Seber model to estimate survival rates and population size in 9 stream pools. Tadpole density varied from ∼1 to 40 tadpoles · m–2. Tadpole weekly survival was relatively high, varying from 75 to 99% · week–1. Among-pool differences in survival were best explained by pool depth, and not by tadpole density or other pool characteristics. The lower survival estimates were obtained for the deep pools. The very high survival estimates for some pools are an indication that this type of discrete habitat may play an important role for this species. To our knowledge, this is the first time that photo-identification is used to obtain estimates for survival and density of tadpoles.

Comment on “Are survival rates for northern spotted owls biased?”Appears in Can. J. Zool. 83: 1386–1390.

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1375-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Franklin ◽  
J.D. Nichols ◽  
R.G. Anthony ◽  
K.P. Burnham ◽  
G.C. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Change ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Strix Occidentalis ◽  
Spotted Owls ◽  
Strix Occidentalis Caurina ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Northern Spotted Owls ◽  
Biased Estimates

Loehle et al. recently estimated survival rates from radio-telemetered northern spotted owls ( Strix occidentalis caurina (Merriam, 1898)) and suggested that survival rates estimated for this species from capture–recapture studies were negatively biased, which subsequently resulted in the negatively biased estimates of rates of population change (λ) reported by Anthony et al. (Wildl. Monogr. No. 163, pp. 1–47 (2006)) . We argue that their survival estimates were inappropriate for comparison with capture–recapture estimates because (i) the manner in which they censored radio-telemetered individuals had the potential to positively bias their survival estimates, (ii) their estimates of survival were not valid for evaluating bias, and (iii) the size and distribution of their radiotelemetry study areas were sufficiently different from capture–recapture study areas to preclude comparisons. In addition, their inferences of negative bias in rates of population change estimated by Anthony et al. were incorrect and reflected a misunderstanding about those estimators.

scholarly journals Comparing the effects of release methods on survival of the Eurasian black vulture Aegypius monachus reintroduced in France

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Mihoub ◽  
Karine Princé ◽  
Olivier Duriez ◽  
Philippe Lécuyer ◽  
Bertrand Eliotout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Population Viability ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
Tag Loss ◽  
Black Vulture ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Similar Survival ◽  
Event Capture

AbstractThe Near Threatened Eurasian black vulture Aegypius monachus is considered highly threatened in Europe, and the species was reintroduced in France between 1992 and 2004. A total of 53 individuals were released, using two methods: immatures were released from large aviaries at the reintroduction site after a stay of several months (the aviary method), whereas juveniles were placed on artificial nests until fledging (the hacking method). The survival rates of released birds were compared to the survival of wild-born offspring through a multi-event capture–recapture analysis accounting for tag loss. Survival rates were higher in adults than in juveniles and immatures (0.98 ± SE 0.02 vs 0.85 ± SE 0.03) and were constant over time. Overall there were no differences in post-release survival between the two release methods: immatures released by the aviary method had a similar survival to juveniles released by the hacking method or born in the wild. Immatures can breed before juveniles, so releasing immatures by the aviary method could accelerate reintroduction settlement and increase population viability. Accurate estimates of post-release survival are essential to improve the reliability of viability analysis of reintroduced populations and the management of such populations.

scholarly journals Persistent organic pollution in a high-Arctic top predator: sex-dependent thresholds in adult survival

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1769) ◽  
pp. 20131483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Einar Erikstad ◽  
Hanno Sandvik ◽  
Tone Kristin Reiertsen ◽  
Jan Ove Bustnes ◽  
Hallvard Strøm
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Local Survival ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Analysis Survival

In long-lived species, any negative effect of pollution on adult survival may pose serious hazards to breeding populations. In this study, we measured concentrations of various organochlorines (OCs) (polychlorinated biphenyl and OC pesticides) in the blood of a large number of adult glaucous gulls ( Larus hyperboreus ) breeding on Bjørnøya (Bear Island) in the Norwegian Arctic, and modelled their local survival using capture–recapture analysis. Survival was negatively associated with concentrations of OCs in the blood. The effect of OCs was nonlinear and evident only among birds with the highest concentrations (the uppermost deciles of contamination). The threshold for depressed survival differed between the sexes, with females being more sensitive to contamination. For birds with lower OC concentration, survival was very high, i.e. at the upper range of survival rates reported from glaucous and other large gull species in other, presumably less contaminated populations. We propose two non-exclusive explanations. First, at some threshold of OC concentration, parents (especially males) may abandon reproduction to maximize their own survival. Second, high contamination of OC may eliminate the most sensitive individuals from the population (especially among females), inducing a strong selection towards high-quality and less sensitive phenotypes.

Common vole (Microtus arvalis) population sex ratio: biases and process variation

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1391-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Bryja ◽  
Jiřina Nesvadbová ◽  
Marta Heroldová ◽  
Eva Jánová ◽  
Jan Losík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Process Variation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Common Vole ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Microtus Arvalis ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Error Bias

Vole population sex ratio varies seasonally. However, population sex ratios have usually been estimated using naïve estimators that do not allow for biases owing to the sex difference in capture probabilities and movement distances (i.e., effective areas sampled). Here we aimed to advance the methodological approach, recognizing that there are two different classes of contributing mechanisms to the pattern which are best addressed separately: (1) those mechan isms imposing a systematic error (bias) in population estimates and (2) those generating the true process variation. Analyzing 7-year capture–recapture data in the common vole (Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778)), we quantified both types of biases and revealed that the bias owing to differential capture rates was often severe and less predictable, whereas that owing to differential effective areas was smaller and overestimated male numbers for most of the year. We demonstrated unambiguously that the unbiased population sex ratio indeed varies seasonally, with the males usually being more numerous over winter and spring. By testing predictions from two mechanistic hypotheses to explain the process variability, we found evidence for both the differential recruitment hypothesis and the differential survival hypothesis. From April–May to August, it was the females that were recruited more to the population and that had higher survival rates than males. We suggest that the seasonal variation in the population sex ratio is not merely a result of biasing mechanisms but an important population property driven by the joint effect of differential recruitment and differential survival between sexes.

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