scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation in age-specific survival rates of a long-lived mammal, the Hawaiian monk seal

2006 ◽  
Vol 274 (1608) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D Baker ◽  
Paul M Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Monachus Schauinslandi ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Monk Seals

Estimates of variability in pinniped survival rates are generally based on observations at single sites, so it is not certain whether observed rates represent the whole population. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of spatio-temporal variation in age-specific survival rates for endangered Hawaiian monk seals ( Monachus schauinslandi ) based on capture–recapture analyses of more than 85% of the pups weaned in this population over the last two decades. Uniquely, these data have been collected from six subpopulations, encompassing all major breeding sites across its 1800 km long core range. Analyses of individual subpopulations revealed similar patterns in age-specific survival, characterized by the relatively low survival rates from weaning to 2 years of age, intermediate rates to 4 years of age, and then by relatively high ‘mature’ survival rates until 17 years of age, after which a senescent decline was observed. Juvenile, subadult and adult survival rates all varied significantly over time. Trends in survival among subpopulations were coherent with their relative geographical positions, suggesting regional structuring and connectedness within the archipelago. Survival rates for different age classes tended to be positively correlated, suggesting that similar factors may influence the survival for seals of all ages.

Estimating recruitment from capture–recapture data by modelling spatio‐temporal variation in birth and age‐specific survival rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2115-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Chandler ◽  
Kristin Engebretsen ◽  
Michael J. Cherry ◽  
Elina P. Garrison ◽  
Karl V. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Persistent organic pollution in a high-Arctic top predator: sex-dependent thresholds in adult survival

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1769) ◽  
pp. 20131483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Einar Erikstad ◽  
Hanno Sandvik ◽  
Tone Kristin Reiertsen ◽  
Jan Ove Bustnes ◽  
Hallvard Strøm
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Local Survival ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Analysis Survival

In long-lived species, any negative effect of pollution on adult survival may pose serious hazards to breeding populations. In this study, we measured concentrations of various organochlorines (OCs) (polychlorinated biphenyl and OC pesticides) in the blood of a large number of adult glaucous gulls ( Larus hyperboreus ) breeding on Bjørnøya (Bear Island) in the Norwegian Arctic, and modelled their local survival using capture–recapture analysis. Survival was negatively associated with concentrations of OCs in the blood. The effect of OCs was nonlinear and evident only among birds with the highest concentrations (the uppermost deciles of contamination). The threshold for depressed survival differed between the sexes, with females being more sensitive to contamination. For birds with lower OC concentration, survival was very high, i.e. at the upper range of survival rates reported from glaucous and other large gull species in other, presumably less contaminated populations. We propose two non-exclusive explanations. First, at some threshold of OC concentration, parents (especially males) may abandon reproduction to maximize their own survival. Second, high contamination of OC may eliminate the most sensitive individuals from the population (especially among females), inducing a strong selection towards high-quality and less sensitive phenotypes.

New insight on survivorship of female chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) from observation of marked animals

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Loison ◽  
J. M. Gaillard ◽  
H. Houssin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Rupicapra Rupicapra ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Survival Patterns

A population of about 1500 chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) was monitored in the French Alps between 1985 and 1991 by observing individually marked animals. Data on resighting of marked females were analyzed using capture–recapture models. Resighting probabilities were time dependent and survival rates were age dependent. The annual survival rate was low in juveniles (0.58) and high in adults (0.96). Maturing animals (1.5–3.5 years old) had lower survival rates (0.91) than adults. Older age-classes exhibited no significant decline in survival rates. Survival patterns are compared with those from a previous study in New Zealand, and biological and methodological differences between the two studies are discussed.

Temporal and Spatial Variation in Survival Rates of a House Sparrow, Passer domesticus, Metapopulation

Oikos ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thor Harald Ringsby ◽  
Bernt-Erik Saether ◽  
Res Altwegg ◽  
Erling Johan Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

scholarly journals Survival of Band-Tailed Manakins

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Pearce-Higgins ◽  
Robin C. Brace ◽  
Jon Hornbuckle
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
First Year ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Apparent Survival ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Parsimonious Model ◽  
Initial Capture

Abstract Abstract We modeled annual apparent survival of Band-tailed Manakins (Pipra fasciicauda) inhabiting a contiguous forest site and a 10.9 ha forest fragment in lowland Bolivia based on six years of capture-recapture data. There was significant age-related variation in apparent survival, but adult survival rates did not differ significantly with sex. Apparent survival rates of immature birds differed between the two locations, while adult survival rates did not. The most parsimonious model therefore estimated annual survival at 10% for immature birds in the contiguous forest site, 53% for immature birds in the forest fragment, 46% for adults in the first year after initial capture and 68% for adults in subsequent years. Forest fragmentation may have reduced immature dispersal, leading to inflated apparent survival rates in the forest fragment.

scholarly journals Juvenile and Adult Survival in the Sociable Weaver (Philetairus Socius), A Southern-Temperate Colonial Cooperative Breeder in Africa

The Auk ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207
Author(s):  
Rita Covas ◽  
Charles R. Brown ◽  
Mark D. Anderson ◽  
Mary Bomberger Brown
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Sociable Weavers ◽  
Philetairus Socius ◽  
Similar Survival ◽  
Survival Patterns ◽  
Access To Food

Abstract We used capture-recapture analyses to describe juvenile and adult survival from 1993 to 2001 in a population of Sociable Weavers (Philetairus socius), a colonial, cooperatively breeding passerine of southern Africa. We examined temporal variation in survival and the role that the breeding season's length and environmental factors play in determining survival patterns in the population. Annual survival probability (mean ± SE) was 0.66 ± 0.02. In contrast to most passerines, juveniles and adults had similar survival probabilities; survival rates did not vary significantly between years. We found no relationship among temperature, rainfall, and survival. Relatively high survival rates in Sociable Weavers probably result from a benign climate and easy access to food in winter. Juvenile survival may also be enhanced by prolonged parental care and delayed dispersal.

Estimation of juvenile survival, adult survival, and age-specific pupping probabilities for the female grey seal (Halichoerus gryprus) on Sable Island from capture-recapture data

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J Schwarz ◽  
Wayne T Stobo
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Juvenile Survival ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Adult Survival Rate

We use a longitudinal capture-recapture study from resightings of grey seals (Halichoerus gryprus) branded as young on Sable Island to estimate (i) the juvenile survival rate from the time of branding to age 4, (ii) the yearly adult survival rate from age 4 to age 9, and (iii) the age-specific pupping probabilities, i.e., the probability that a seal will first give birth at each age. The estimated juvenile survival rate from branding (just after weaning) to age 4 ranged from 70 to 80%; however, the lower values are known to be biased low because the study was terminated early. The estimated yearly adult survival rates for ages 4-9 ranged from 0.88 to 0.92·year-1. The estimated probabilities of first giving birth to a young seal (pupping) at ages 4-9 are 0.28, 0.41, 0.18, 0.06, 0.05, and 0.02, respectively, and the estimated average age of first pupping is 5.2 years.

Persistence of giants: population dynamics of the limpet Scutellastra laticostata on rocky shores in Western Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 646 ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
RE Scheibling ◽  
R Black
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Decadal Time Scale

Population dynamics and life history traits of the ‘giant’ limpet Scutellastra laticostata on intertidal limestone platforms at Rottnest Island, Western Australia, were recorded by interannual (January/February) monitoring of limpet density and size structure, and relocation of marked individuals, at 3 locations over periods of 13-16 yr between 1993 and 2020. Limpet densities ranged from 4 to 9 ind. m-2 on wave-swept seaward margins of platforms at 2 locations and on a rocky notch at the landward margin of the platform at a third. Juvenile recruits (25-55 mm shell length) were present each year, usually at low densities (<1 m-2), but localized pulses of recruitment occurred in some years. Annual survival rates of marked limpets varied among sites and cohorts, ranging from 0.42 yr-1 at the notch to 0.79 and 0.87 yr-1 on the platforms. A mass mortality of limpets on the platforms occurred in 2003, likely mediated by thermal stress during daytime low tides, coincident with high air temperatures and calm seas. Juveniles grew rapidly to adult size within 2 yr. Asymptotic size (L∞, von Bertalanffy growth model) ranged from 89 to 97 mm, and maximum size from 100 to 113 mm, on platforms. Growth rate and maximum size were lower on the notch. Our empirical observations and simulation models suggest that these populations are relatively stable on a decadal time scale. The frequency and magnitude of recruitment pulses and high rate of adult survival provide considerable inertia, enabling persistence of these populations in the face of sporadic climatic extremes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document