scholarly journals Rapid extirpation of a North American frog coincides with an increase in fungal pathogen prevalence: Historical analysis and implications for reintroduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 10216-10232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Adams ◽  
Allan P. Pessier ◽  
Cheryl J. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Pathogen Prevalence ◽  
American Frog

TOXICITY OF GLYPHOSATE-BASED PESTICIDES TO FOUR NORTH AMERICAN FROG SPECIES

10.1897/03-71 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Howe ◽  
Michael Berrill ◽  
Bruce D. Pauli ◽  
Caren C. Helbing ◽  
Kate Werry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
American Frog

THE USE OF THE MALE NORTH AMERICAN FROG (RANA PIPIENS) IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY1

Endocrinology ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY L. ROBBINS ◽  
FREDERIC PARKER
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
American Frog

North American Frog Lung Flukes

1915 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Walter Cort
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
American Frog

scholarly journals Phylogenetics of a Fungal Invasion: Origins and Widespread Dispersal of White-Nose Syndrome

mBio ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin P. Drees ◽  
Jeffrey M. Lorch ◽  
Sebastien J. Puechmaille ◽  
Katy L. Parise ◽  
Gudrun Wibbelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Pseudogymnoascus Destructans ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Recent Introduction ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
The North

ABSTRACT Globalization has facilitated the worldwide movement and introduction of pathogens, but epizoological reconstructions of these invasions are often hindered by limited sampling and insufficient genetic resolution among isolates. Pseudogymnoascus destructans , a fungal pathogen causing the epizootic of white-nose syndrome in North American bats, has exhibited few genetic polymorphisms in previous studies, presenting challenges for both epizoological tracking of the spread of this fungus and for determining its evolutionary history. We used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from whole-genome sequencing and microsatellites to construct high-resolution phylogenies of P. destructans . Shallow genetic diversity and the lack of geographic structuring among North American isolates support a recent introduction followed by expansion via clonal reproduction across the epizootic zone. Moreover, the genetic relationships of isolates within North America suggest widespread mixing and long-distance movement of the fungus. Genetic diversity among isolates of P. destructans from Europe was substantially higher than in those from North America. However, genetic distance between the North American isolates and any given European isolate was similar to the distance between the individual European isolates. In contrast, the isolates we examined from Asia were highly divergent from both European and North American isolates. Although the definitive source for introduction of the North American population has not been conclusively identified, our data support the origin of the North American invasion by P. destructans from Europe rather than Asia. IMPORTANCE This phylogenetic study of the bat white-nose syndrome agent, P. destructans , uses genomics to elucidate evolutionary relationships among populations of the fungal pathogen to understand the epizoology of this biological invasion. We analyze hypervariable and abundant genetic characters (microsatellites and genomic SNPs, respectively) to reveal previously uncharacterized diversity among populations of the pathogen from North America and Eurasia. We present new evidence supporting recent introduction of the fungus to North America from a diverse Eurasian population, with limited increase in genetic variation in North America since that introduction.

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