The Cochrane Library and the Treatment of Chronic Abdominal Pain in Children and Adolescents: An Overview of Reviews

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Foisy ◽  
Samina Ali ◽  
Rose Geist ◽  
Michael Weinstein ◽  
Sonia Michail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Abdominal Pain ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Overview Of Reviews ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Suicidality associated with the use of antidepressants in children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marta Gutiérrez-Valencia ◽  
◽  
Leire Leache ◽  
Luis Carlos Saiz
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Cochrane Library

INTRODUCCIÓN El suicidio es un problema de salud pública en población infantil y adolescente, siendo una de las principales causas de mortalidad en este rango de edad. A partir de los años 1990, con la introducción de nuevas clases de antidepresivos, comenzó a extenderse la preocupación sobre el riesgo de tendencias suicidas asociado al consumo de estos fármacos en niños y adolescentes. Desde entonces se han realizado numerosos estudios al respecto y distintas agencias reguladoras han alertado sobre este posible aumento del riesgo. Sin embargo, el consumo de antidepresivos en esta población sigue aumentando. OBJETIVO Analizar la evidencia existente sobre la relación entre el uso de antidepresivos en niños y adolescentes y el riesgo de tendencias suicidas. Así mismo, determinar la relación entre este uso y la aparición de eventos adversos graves, así como el abandono del tratamiento por eventos adversos. MÉTODOS Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en MedLine y The Cochrane Library. Se priorizaron revisiones y, en caso necesario, se amplió la búsqueda a ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Se consideraron estudios que analizaban el tratamiento con cualquier antidepresivo independientemente del diagnóstico, comparado con placebo, cualquier tratamiento no farmacológico, o no tratamiento. Adicionalmente, se identificaron informes de posicionamiento de sociedades científicas e instituciones sanitarias. Se utilizó la base de datos de dispensación de recetas del Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea (SNS-O) para obtener datos acerca del consumo de antidepresivos en Navarra en niños y adolescentes, y la base de datos BIFAP (www.bifap.org) para obtener datos de prevalencia de uso de antidepresivos en Navarra y España. CONCLUSIONES La evidencia actual indica que los antidepresivos aumentan el riesgo de tendencias suicidas en niños y adolescentes, por lo que debería limitarse su uso en esta población y emplearse únicamente en las indicaciones autorizadas. Este riesgo se debe especialmente al aumento de ideación suicida. La evidencia indirecta muestra que el riesgo de tendencias suicidas sería superior con venlafaxina. No existe evidencia suficiente de que ningún fármaco reduzca el riesgo de que se produzcan. Existe amplia evidencia de que los antidepresivos aumentan el riesgo de eventos adversos graves y abandonos por eventos adversos en cualquier indicación en comparación con placebo. En los estudios disponibles se analiza la seguridad cuando se inicia el tratamiento y son en general estudios de corta duración, pero no puede descartarse el riesgo de este tipo de eventos adversos a más largo plazo.

The Cochrane Library and the Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Children: An Overview of Reviews

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Bialy ◽  
Michelle Foisy ◽  
Michael Smith ◽  
Ricardo M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Overview Of Reviews ◽  
The Cochrane Library

scholarly journals Effects of walking exercise on bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy: evidence from systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yuan Zhang ◽  
Min Yan ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Min-Li Fu ◽  
Ling Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Walking Exercise ◽  
The Cochrane Library

AbstractObjectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of walking exercise on bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Ovid, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Chinese BioMedical Database were searched from their inception to January 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) examining the effects of walking exercise in patients undergoing colonoscopy were considered for inclusion. After screening literature, extracting data and evaluating methodological quality, RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.ResultsFive studies (four RCTs and one CCTs) involved 984 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis demonstrated that the walking exercise group showed significantly higher improvements in the rate of adequate bowel preparation than the control group (risk ratio [RR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.03–1.58], P < 0.05). In addition, the walking exercise group had lower incidence of vomiting (RR = 0.39, 95% CI [0.23–0.68], P < 0.01) and abdominal pain (RR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.29–0.90], P < 0.05) with lower heterogeneity.ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis provided specific evidence that walking exercise during bowel preparation can improve the rate of adequate bowel preparation and reduce the incidence of vomiting and abdominal pain in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Since the conclusion of this meta-analysis was drawn based on the limited number of high-quality RCTs, more rigorous RCTs should be conducted in the future.

USING THE AMSTAR CHECKLIST FOR RAPID REVIEWS: IS IT FEASIBLE?

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Tajana Mattivi ◽  
Barbara Buchberger
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Overview Of Reviews ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Rapid Reviews ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objectives: Rapid reviews can be conducted in a narrower time frame, as compared to systematic reviews, by featuring restrictions. To estimate the validity of the results, assessment of methodological quality is required. Our aim was to analyze the methodological restrictions of rapid reviews compared with systematic reviews using the AMSTAR checklist and assess its feasibility for rapid reviews.Methods: A systematic search for literature on rapid reviews of surgical interventions was conducted in three databases: Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library. Additionally, health technology assessment (HTA) databases were searched. We analyzed reviews using AMSTAR and additionally compared the results with those of an overview of reviews on the same topic.Results: Items found more frequently in rapid reviews were search for gray literature (65 percent versus 33 percent), listing of excluded studies (59 percent versus 37 percent), and provision of study characteristics (77 percent versus 44 percent), whereas consideration of study quality in formulating conclusions, conduct of meta-analysis, and statement of conflicts of interest were less frequent. Median time between search and publication was 8 months, with a range between 1 and 27.Conclusions: With some adjustments, AMSTAR can be used as a checklist for rapid reviews to describe methodological restrictions in comparison to systematic reviews and to roughly estimate the validity of the results. Strikingly, only 14.3 percent of rapid reviews were published within 3 months.

Laparoscopic treatment of celiac artery compression syndrome in children and adolescents

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegret Klimas ◽  
Andreas Lemmer ◽  
Hendrik Bergert ◽  
Michael Brodhun ◽  
Thomas Scholbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mr Angiography ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Chronic Abdominal Pain ◽  
Laparoscopic Treatment ◽  
Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome ◽  
Compression Syndrome ◽  
Celiac Artery Compression

Abstract. Background: The celiac artery compression syndrome (CACS) is a rarely diagnosed disorder, which is characterized by chronic abdominal pain and vegetative symptoms. The role of surgical treatment in celiac artery decompression has been discussed controversially by numerous authors. After first casuistic descriptions of a laparoscopic treatment in adults we established this novel minimally invasive procedure for treatment in children and adolescents. Patients and methods: Between 2005 and 2014 we operated 58 patients (47 female, 11 male) from 7 to 25 years who had been diagnosed with celiac artery compression. The patients presented with severe chronic abdominal pain, vegetative symptoms and a reduced quality of life. Doppler sonography showed an increased blood flow velocity of the celiac artery with maximum of 190 - 450 cm/s (mean 259 cm/s).MR angiography demonstrated a characteristic hook-shaped appearance of the celiac artery with severe localized compression. Results: All patients underwent laparoscopic decompression of the celiac artery. We observed complications in 3 patients (5,2 %). Postoperatively all patients (100 %) were immediately free of abdominal pain. Doppler sonography showed a marked reduction in celiac blood flow velocity to 70 - 190 cm/s postoperatively (mean 178 cm/s). A return of vessel diameters to normal dimensions was documented by postoperative MR angiography. During a median follow up of 62 months we observed a recurrence of the celiac artery compression in 4 patients (6,9 %). Conclusions: Laparoscopic treatment of celiac artery compression syndrome offers a novel, safe, reliable and, compared to open surgery, less invasive approach. The surgical treatment is indicated in patients with characteristic symptoms and typical findings at Doppler sonography and MRA after exclusion of other abdominal pathologies. The work-up of chronic abdominal pain in children and adolescents should include a color Doppler sonography to look for celiac artery compression.

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