Restrictive eating disorders in higher weight persons: A systematic review of atypical anorexia nervosa prevalence and consecutive admission literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Harrop ◽  
Janell L. Mensinger ◽  
Megan Moore ◽  
Taryn Lindhorst
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Consecutive Admission ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa

scholarly journals Overcontrolled, undercontrolled, and resilient personality styles among patients with eating disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Isaksson ◽  
Ata Ghaderi ◽  
Martina Wolf-Arehult ◽  
Mia Ramklint
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Personality Style ◽  
Personality Styles ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Poor Treatment Outcome

Abstract Background Personality has been suggested to be an important factor in understanding onset, maintenance, and recovery from eating disorders (ED). The objective of the current study was to evaluate personality style in different ED diagnostic groups as classified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5). Methods The overcontrolled, undercontrolled, and resilient personality styles were compared in four groups of patients with EDs: anorexia nervosa restricting (ANr) (n = 34), anorexia nervosa binge eating/purging (ANbp) (n = 31), atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) (n = 29), and bulimia nervosa (BN) (n = 76). These groups were compared with a group of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) (n = 108), and a non-clinical group (NC) (n = 444). Patient data were collected at two outpatient clinics in Uppsala, Sweden. NC control data were collected through convenience sampling. Participants filled out questionnaires assessing personality style. Results The main findings were more pronounced overcontrol reported by the ANr and AAN groups compared with the BN, BPD, and NC groups, and no significant difference in resilience between the ED and the NC groups. Considerable variability of over- and undercontrol was also found within each group. Conclusions The results replicate previous findings when EDs are classified according to current diagnostic criteria (DSM-5). Taking personality styles into account may improve our understanding of certain characteristics in EDs, such as social deficits and rigidity that are attributed to poor treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Exploring the experience of being viewed as “not sick enough”: a qualitative study of women recovered from anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Eiring ◽  
Trine Wiig Hage ◽  
Deborah Lynn Reas
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Physical Sign ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa

Abstract Background Despite common misconceptions, an individual may be seriously ill with a restrictive eating disorder without an outwardly recognizable physical sign of the illness. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the perspectives of individuals who have previously battled a restrictive eating disorder who were considered “not sick enough” by others (e.g., peers, families, healthcare professionals) at some point during their illness, and to understand the perceived impact on the illness and recovery. Such misconceptions are potentially damaging, and have been previously linked with delayed help-seeking and poorer clinical outcomes. Methods Seven women who had recovered from anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa participated in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used. Results Three main themes emerged: (1) dealing with the focus upon one’s physical appearance while battling a mental illness, (2) “project perfect”: feeling pressure to prove oneself, and (3) the importance of being seen and understood. Participants reported that their symptoms were occasionally met with trivialization or disbelief, leading to shame, confusion, despair, and for some, deterioration in eating disorder symptoms which drove further weight loss. In contrast, social support and being understood were viewed as essential for recovery. Conclusion To facilitate treatment seeking and engagement, and to optimize chances of recovery, greater awareness of diverse, non-stereotypical presentations of restrictive eating disorders is needed which challenge the myth that weight is the sole indicator of the presence or severity of illness.

A systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies of prevention and treatment for eating disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Khanh-Dao Le ◽  
Phillipa Hay ◽  
Cathrine Mihalopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

Background: Eating disorders are serious mental disorders and are associated with substantial economic and social burden. The aim of this study is to undertake a systematic review of the cost-effectiveness studies of both preventive and treatment interventions for eating disorder. Method: Electronic databases (including the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, Global Health, CINAHL complete, Health Business Elite, Econlit, Health Policy Reference Center and ERIC) were searched for published cost-effectiveness studies of eating disorder prevention and treatment including papers published up to January 2017. The quality of studies was assessed using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist. Results: In all, 13 studies met the review inclusion criteria as full cost-effectiveness studies and 8 were published since 2011. The studies included three modelled and one trial-based study focused on prevention, two trial-based and one modelled study for anorexia nervosa treatment and three trial-based studies for bulimia nervosa treatment. The remaining studies targeted binge-eating disorder or non-specific eating disorder treatment. The average percent of CHEERS checklist items reported was 71% (standard deviation 21%). Eating disorder interventions were mainly cost-saving or more effective and more costly compared to comparators; however, some results did not reach statistical significance. In the two studies that achieved 100% CHEERS checklist, one study reported that a cognitive dissonance intervention might be cost-effective for prevention of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa with a 90% participation rate and the second study supported lisdexamfetamine to be cost-effective in the treatment of binge-eating disorder. Insufficient evidence for long-term cost-effectiveness (e.g. over 2 years) was found. Conclusion: Cost-effectiveness studies in eating disorder appear to be increasing in number over the last 6 years. Findings were inconsistent and no firm conclusion can be drawn with regard to comparative value-for-money conclusions. However, some promising interventions were identified. Further research with improved methodology is required.

Anorexia Nervosa and Pregnancy: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
L.C. Castro ◽  
S. Moreira ◽  
A. Lopes ◽  
M. Branco
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

Background:Several studies report that women with a history of eating disorders are at higher risk of pregnancy complications and major adverse perinatal outcomes.Aim:To report a case of anorexia nervosa during pregnancy, in order to underline the impact of eating disorders on pregnancy.Methods:Case study and review of the literature.Results:A 32 year old woman was hospitalized in an obstetric service of a general hospital for high risk pregnancy complications. She maintained a disturbed eating behaviour, with periods of restrictive eating and bulimic-purging episodes. She was underweight, did not reach the recommended weight gain during pregnancy and showed intrauterine growth restriction. The Psychiatry Liasion Unit was asked to follow the case during the obstetric hospitalization.Discussion:Pregnant women with eating disorders have higher risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications. Pregnancy is a privileged opportunity to maximize intervention in eating disorders, since women show higher levels of motivation for therapy. Some cases of anorexia nervosa may warrant special obstetric care to ensure adequate prenatal nutrition and fetal development. Since there are few studies on this topic and they report conflicting results, it is a relevant area for future research.

What Are the Effects of Restrictive Eating Disorders on Growth and Puberty and Are Effects Permanent? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Neale ◽  
Sarah M.A. Pais ◽  
Dasha Nicholls ◽  
Simon Chapman ◽  
Lee D. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Restrictive Eating

scholarly journals LA CLINICA DEI DISTURBI DEL COMPORTAMENTO ALIMENTARE: L’INTERVENTO PSICOLOGICO°

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Molinari
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Political Experience ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Unpleasant Emotion

Eating disorders represent a field of investigation and intervention of considerable interest for psychology. This is an extraordinarily complex area. When working with these patients, it is crucial to consider a multifactorial etiopathogenetic framework. As anyone who has ever worked with eating disorder will know, the words “challenge” and “body image” have a particularly important role, both in research and clinical practice. appearance. Of all other Eating Disorders, Anorexia Nervosa (AN) will be presented today. Its prevalence ranges between 0,28% and 1%, with a high mortality rate and its onset is related to the presence of a multiplicity of genetic, neurobiological and psychosocial interrelated factors. One fundamental question is: what are the objectives to achieve for each specific individual who show AN symptoms? Treatment should be directed towards as many areas as possible in order to increase the chances of success and ensure the patient’s greater psychophysical well-being. A collaborative work between nutritionists, physicians, psychologists, psychiatrists, patients themselves and their families, could turn the cure into an aesthetic, ethical and political experience. The narration of their own personal experiences is an essential moment in the treatment of patients with eating disorders. Keeping in mind that the restrictive eating behavior, which is typical in AN, seems aimed at avoiding unpleasant emotion and that the real expert of the disorder is always the patient himself, it is essential to build a relationship that promotes change.

Feeding and Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Westmoreland ◽  
Phillip S Mehler
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders

Feeding and eating disorders are defined by persistent disturbance of eating (or behaviors related to eating) with subsequent changes in consumption or absorption of nutrition that are detrimental to physical health and social functioning. The following eating disorders are described in the DSM-5: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, pica, rumination disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED), and unspecified feeding or eating disorder (USFED). ARFID, OSFED, USFED, rumination disorder, and binge eating disorder are new additions to the manual and are first described in the DSM-5. The DSM-5 also provides severity specifiers—mild, moderate, severe, and extreme—for the diagnoses of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. This review describes the eating disorders enumerated in the DSM-5 and provides information regarding their genesis and course. This review contains 8 tables and 79 references Key words: avoidant/restrictive eating disorder, binge eating disorder, DSM-5, eating disorder, other specified feeding or eating disorder, pharmacotherapy, pica rumination, psychotherapy, unspecified feeding or eating disorder

scholarly journals Enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents with eating disorders: A systematic review of current status and future perspectives

IJEDO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Riccardo Dalle Grave ◽  
Simona Calugi ◽  
Massimiliano Sartirana ◽  
Selvaggia Sermattei ◽  
Maddalena Conti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

This systematic review analysed published data on the effectiveness of enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E) for adolescents with eating disorders. Of the 28 papers retrieved, eight (6 case series, 1 prospective cohort study, and 1 non-randomized effectiveness trial) met the inclusion criteria and revealed the following five findings. First, outpatient CBT-E is well accepted by adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa; it is completed by about two-thirds of participants, and produces improvements in eating-disorder and general psychopathology. Remission from anorexia nervosa is achieved by about 50% of patients at 12-month follow-up. Second, outpatient CBT-E seems more effective for adolescents than adults. Third, inpatient CBT-E for adolescents with anorexia nervosa seems particularly effective — about 80% of patients achieve normal weight by 12-month follow-up. Fourth, CBT-E also seems promising for adolescents who are not underweight. Fifth, CBT-E appears to yield similar outcomes to FBT in terms of weight regain and eating-disorder and general psychopathology improvements at 6- and 12-month follow-up. The fourth and fifth findings derive from a single study and require confirmation. In conclusion, CBT-E is a viable and promising treatment for adolescents with eating disorders.

Feeding and Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Westmoreland ◽  
Phillip S Mehler
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders

Feeding and eating disorders are defined by persistent disturbance of eating (or behaviors related to eating) with subsequent changes in consumption or absorption of nutrition that are detrimental to physical health and social functioning. The following eating disorders are described in the DSM-5: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, pica, rumination disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED), and unspecified feeding or eating disorder (USFED). ARFID, OSFED, USFED, rumination disorder, and binge eating disorder are new additions to the manual and are first described in the DSM-5. The DSM-5 also provides severity specifiers—mild, moderate, severe, and extreme—for the diagnoses of bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. This review describes the eating disorders enumerated in the DSM-5 and provides information regarding their genesis and course. This review contains 8 tables and 79 references Key words: avoidant/restrictive eating disorder, binge eating disorder, DSM-5, eating disorder, other specified feeding or eating disorder, pharmacotherapy, pica rumination, psychotherapy, unspecified feeding or eating disorder

scholarly journals Eating Disorders in Males: An 8-Year Population-Based Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 155798831986097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jaworski ◽  
Mariusz Panczyk ◽  
Andrzej Śliwczyński ◽  
Melania Brzozowska ◽  
Katarzyna Janaszek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Male Patients

The objective of the study was the realistic evaluation of the prevalence of eating disorders (ED) among Polish men who sought treatment through the National Health Fund (NFZ) in the years 2010–2017. According to ICD-10, four types of ED were analyzed: anorexia nervosa—AN (F50.0), atypical anorexia nervosa (F50.1), bulimia nervosa—BN (F50.2), and atypical bulimia nervosa (F50.3). The NFZ database was used. The ED groups were defined according to ICD-10 codes. Demographic data were collected from the web page of Statistics Poland (GUS). The annual prevalence of EDs was estimated, and the age groups were categorized into nine groups. For the incidence of EDs in male patients in the years 2010–2017, relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated. The frequency trend of AN in males remains relatively stable. AN occurred mainly in young men (between 11 and 30 years). It was noted that AN affected approximately 100 men in each year of observation, while atypical anorexia nervosa affected about 40 men. In 2017, the RR for EDs in young males was 0.041 (95% CI [0.033, 0.051]). Bulimia was relatively rare (about 35 males each year). The incidence of EDs in males is a relatively constant phenomenon. The real number of male patients with EDs may be higher. The current conceptualizations of ED pathology should be modified and better adapted to men. Clinical guidelines for specialists working with males with EDs should be developed.

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