scholarly journals Bridging executive function and disinhibited eating among youth: A network analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan E. Byrne ◽  
Marian Tanofsky‐Kraff ◽  
Jason M. Lavender ◽  
Megan N. Parker ◽  
Lisa M. Shank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Disinhibited Eating

Elevated Anxiety Relates to Future Executive Dysfunction: A Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analysis of Psychopathology and Cognitive Functioning Components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hani Zainal ◽  
Michelle G. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Global Cognition

Background: Vulnerability models posit that reduced cognitive functioning abilities (e.g., verbal fluency, working memory (WM)) precede and relate to future heightened psychopathology. Conversely, scar theory postulates that elevated psychopathology coincides with subsequent reduced cognitive functioning. However, most studies so far have been cross-sectional and tested global cognitive functioning-psychopathology relations. Objective: Thus, we used cross-lagged panel network analysis (CLPN) to facilitate causal inferences and differentiation of components on this topic. Method: Community adults (n = 856) participated in this eight-year study across four waves of assessment, each spaced about two years apart. Nine psychopathology components (aberrant motor behaviors (AMB), agitation, apathy, anxiety, delusions, depression, disinhibition, hallucinations, irritability) and seven cognitive functioning (attention, episodic memory, global cognition, language, processing speed, verbal fluency, WM) multi-item nodes were assessed with various performance-based cognitive functioning tests and the caregiver-rated Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Results: Contemporaneous networks consistently showed negative associations among global cognition/verbal fluency and agitation, AMB, or hallucinations, during all waves of assessment. Nodes that were most influential across communities in contemporaneous networks were delusions, depression, WM, and verbal fluency. For temporal networks, heightened anxiety (versus other neuropsychiatric nodes), had the largest negative relations with future decreased executive and related cognitive functioning nodes. Further, executive function nodes (e.g., verbal fluency) tended to be impacted by, rather than influential on, other nodes, across all time-points. Discussion: Findings supported scar (vs. vulnerability) model. The efficacy of evidence-based cognitive-behavioral and related psychopharmacological treatments may be enhanced by adding executive function training. Other theoretical and clinical implications were discussed.

Too stressed to self-regulate? Associations between stress, self-reported executive function, disinhibited eating, and BMI in women

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 101417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica O'Neill ◽  
Kimberly Kamper-DeMarco ◽  
Xuewei Chen ◽  
Heather Orom
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Disinhibited Eating

Network analysis of executive function, emotion, and social anhedonia

PsyCh Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu‐Yao Jiang ◽  
Hai‐Di Shan ◽  
Rui‐Ting Zhang ◽  
Simon S. Y. Lui ◽  
Han‐Xue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Anhedonia

Executive Functions and Clinical and Academic Outcomes in Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221-1230
Author(s):  
Jane Roitsch ◽  
Kimberly A. Murphy ◽  
Anastasia M. Raymer
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Praxis Ii ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Preliminary Study

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate executive function measures as they relate to clinical and academic performance outcomes of graduate speech-language pathology students. Method An observational design incorporating correlations and stepwise multiple regressions was used to determine the strength of the relationships between clinical outcomes that occurred at various time points throughout the graduate program (clinical coursework grades throughout the program and case study paper scores at the end of the program), academic outcomes (graduate grade point average and Praxis II exam in speech-language pathology scores), and executive function (EF) scores (EF assessment scores, self-reported EF scores). Participants were 37 students (36 women, M age = 24.1) in a master's degree program in speech-language pathology at a southeastern U.S. university during the 2017–2018 academic year. Results Findings of this preliminary study indicated that a limited number of objective EF scores and self-reported EF scores were related to clinical and academic outcomes of graduate speech-language pathology students. Conclusion As results of this preliminary study suggest that EF tests may be related to clinical and academic outcomes, future research can move to study the potential role of EF measures in the graduate admissions process in clinical graduate programs such as speech-language pathology.

Clinical Decision-Making for Stroke and Aphasia in the Older Adult

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Hinckley
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Focal Lesion ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Supportive Communication ◽  
Spaced Retrieval

Abstract A patient with aphasia that is uncomplicated by other cognitive abilities will usually show a primary impairment of language. The frequency of additional cognitive impairments associated with cerebrovascular disease, multiple (silent or diagnosed) infarcts, or dementia increases with age and can complicate a single focal lesion that produces aphasia. The typical cognitive profiles of vascular dementia or dementia due to cerebrovascular disease may differ from the cognitive profile of patients with Alzheimer's dementia. In order to complete effective treatment selection, clinicians must know the cognitive profile of the patient and choose treatments accordingly. When attention, memory, and executive function are relatively preserved, strategy-based and conversation-based interventions provide the best choices to target personally relevant communication abilities. Examples of treatments in this category include PACE and Response Elaboration Training. When patients with aphasia have co-occurring episodic memory or executive function impairments, treatments that rely less on these abilities should be selected. Examples of treatments that fit these selection criteria include spaced retrieval and errorless learning. Finally, training caregivers in the use of supportive communication strategies is helpful to patients with aphasia, with or without additional cognitive complications.

Tackling the Toll of Hearing Loss on Executive Function

ASHA Leader ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller ◽  
Natalie Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Executive Function

1902: Is Steinstrasse After ESWL of Renal Stones Predictable? Artificial Neural Network Analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Gomha ◽  
Khaled Z. Sheir ◽  
Saeed Showky ◽  
Khaled Madbouly ◽  
Emad Elsobky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Neural Network Analysis ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Analysis ◽  
Artificial Neural
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