The effect of deprivation on food cravings and eating behavior in restrained and unrestrained eaters

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Polivy ◽  
Julie Coleman ◽  
C. Peter Herman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Unrestrained Eaters

Studying the relationship between tobacco use and eating behavior among Egyptian university students

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Ibrahim Elesawy ◽  
Mahmoud Mamdouh ElHabiby ◽  
Nesreen Mohamed Mohsen ◽  
Tawfik Mohamed Samy
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In addition to the independent risks related to cigarettes, smoking is highly associated with obesity-related behaviors including unhealthy diet. Despite the public health significance, little is known about mechanisms underlying with the paired relationship of smoking and unhealthy dietary behaviors. Aim of the Work This study aimed to Detect the relationship among smoking status and total and specific types of food cravings (i.e., high-fats, sweets, fast-food fats, and complex carbohydrates/starches), the influence of demographic, clinical, and psychological factors on this relationship and estimate the frequency of nicotine dependence among a sample of 420 egyptian students from 4 theoritical and 4 practical faculties in Ain Shams University Patients and Methods This is an observational Cross sectional study study conducted in 8 different faculties in Ain Shams University. The present study aimed at analyzing the demographic data of 420 egyptian university students, during the academic year 2018-2019.The severity of nicotine dependence among those students was assessed using Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), eating behavior was assessed using Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Socio-Economic Status (SES) Scale for assessing socio-economic level and Eating Disorder Examination Scale for assessing eating disorders. Results Compared to never smokers, current smokers reported more frequent cravings for high-fat foods and fast-food fats, after controlling for BMI and demographic factors. Current smokers also reported consuming more high-fat foods and fast-food fats. Nicotine dependence was positively correlated with the frequency of general food cravings and cravings for high fats, sweets, and carbohydrates/starches. Conclusion Cigarette smokers, and especially those with higher nicotine dependence, may have greater difficulties in addressing food craving and changing eating habits

Chocolate craving: does it affect eating attitude and body mass index?

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Sanlier ◽  
Büşra Açıkalın ◽  
Elif Eroglu ◽  
Fatma Kılınç ◽  
Bulent Celik
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Eat 26

Purpose Some kinds of foods, by producing an effect like addiction, may trigger overeating. This paper aims to investigate whether excessive chocolate consumption and hunger cause food addiction. Design/methodology/approach Food cravings questionnaire-trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r), food cravings questionnaire-state (FCQ-S) and eating attitude test-26 (EAT-26) scales were used. The relation between chocolate addiction, anthropometric measurements, demographic characteristics, eating behavior of the people were analyzed. The study was conducted on 864 individuals between 17 and 64 years old (men = 327, women = 537). Findings As the body mass index (BMI) of the individuals increased, chocolate craving, chocolate hunger, thought of eating chocolate, lack of control of chocolate increased. Also, significant correlations were determined with BMI, respectively, (r = 0.39; r = 0.32; r = 0.33; r = 0.29; p < 0.001). The lack of control overeating chocolate, craving for chocolate was found to be higher in female participants than in male participants. It was seen that craving for chocolate decreases (r = −0.17; p < 0.001) with increasing age; this was more apparent in male participants compared to female participants. Besides, significant correlation was found (r = 0.76, p < 0.05) between the EAT-26, the craving to eat chocolate in this study. It was seen that individual, who were excessively eager to consume chocolate, exhibited abnormal eating behavior (29.50 ± 12.09). This showed that there is a positive relation (r = 0.08, p < 0.001) between food addiction, eating attitude disorder. Originality/value Food craving increases the consumption of food, especially chocolate, sugar, with high carbohydrate content and energy. This can lead to overeating and being overweight.

scholarly journals Changes in Food Cravings and Eating Behavior after a Dietary Carbohydrate Restriction Intervention Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherene O.-B. Anguah ◽  
Majid M. Syed-Abdul ◽  
Qiong Hu ◽  
Miriam Jacome-Sosa ◽  
Colette Heimowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sweet Cravings ◽  
Fat Diets

Compared to low-fat diets, low-carbohydrate (CHO) diets cause weight loss (WL) over a faster time frame; however, it is unknown how changes in food cravings and eating behavior contribute to this more rapid WL in the early phases of dieting. We hypothesized that reductions in food cravings and improved eating behaviors would be evident even after a relatively short (4-week) duration of CHO-restriction, and that these changes would be associated with WL. Adult participants (n = 19, 53% males, mean ± SD: BMI = 34.1 ± 0.8 kg/m2; age 40.6 ± 1.9 years) consumed a CHO-restricted diet (14% CHO, 58% fat, 28% protein) for 4 weeks. Before and after the intervention, specific and total cravings were measured with the Food Craving Inventory (FCI) and eating behaviors assessed with the Three-Factor Eating questionnaire. Food cravings were significantly reduced at week 4, while women had significantly greater reductions in sweet cravings than men. Dietary restraint was significantly increased by 102%, while disinhibiton and hunger scores were reduced (17% and 22%, respectively, p < 0.05). Changes in cravings were unrelated to changes in body weight except for the change in high-fat cravings where those who lost the most weight experienced the least reductions in fat cravings (r = −0.458, p = 0.049). Changes in dietary restraint were inversely related to several FCI subscales. A short-term, low-CHO diet was effective in reducing food cravings. These data suggest that in subjects that have successfully lost weight on a low-CHO diet, those who craved high-fat foods at the onset were able to satisfy their cravings—potentially due to the high-fat nature of this restricted diet.

scholarly journals Neural indicators of food cue reactivity, regulation, and valuation and their associations with body composition and daily eating behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cosme ◽  
Richard B. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Cue Exposure ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Daily Food

Exposure to food cues activates the brain’s reward system and undermines efforts to regulate impulses to eat. During explicit regulation, lateral prefrontal cortex activates and modulates activity in reward regions and decreases food cravings. However, it is unclear the extent to which between-person differences in recruitment of regions associated with reward processing, subjective valuation, and regulation during food cue exposure—absent instructions to regulate—predict body composition and daily eating behaviors. In this preregistered study, we pooled data from five fMRI samples (N = 262) to examine whether regions associated with reward, valuation, and regulation, as well as whole-brain pattern expression indexing these processes, were recruited during food cue exposure and associated with body composition and real-world eating behavior. Regression models for a single a priori analytic path indicated that univariate and multivariate measures of reward and valuation were associated with individual differences in BMI and enactment of daily food cravings. Specification curve analyses further revealed reliable associations between univariate and multivariate neural indicators of reactivity, regulation, and valuation, and all outcomes. These findings highlight the utility of these methods to elucidate brain-behavior associations and suggest that multiple processes are implicated in proximal and distal markers of eating behavior.

The Effect of Pre-exposure to Food Cues on the Eating Behavior of Restrained and Unrestrained Eaters

Appetite ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
INGRI D.C. FEDOROFF ◽  
JANET POLIVY ◽  
C.PETER HERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Unrestrained Eaters

Bulimia nervosa, restrained, and unrestrained eaters: A comparison of non-binge eating behavior

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K. Bourne ◽  
Richard A. Bryant ◽  
Rosalyn A. Griffiths ◽  
Stephen W. Touyz ◽  
Peter J. V. Beumont
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Unrestrained Eaters

Food cravings mediate the relationship between rigid, but not flexible control of eating behavior and dieting success

Appetite ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Meule ◽  
Joachim Westenhöfer ◽  
Andrea Kübler
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
The Relationship

Effect of Heart Rate Variability on Defensive Reaction and Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Chocolate Cravers

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Elisabeth Ruiz-Padial ◽  
Nieves Vera ◽  
Carmen Fernández ◽  
Lourdes Anllo-Vento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Food Craving ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptomatology ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

The study examines the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) on the cardiac defence response (CDR) and eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. Female chocolate cravers (n = 36) and noncravers (n = 36) underwent a psychophysiological test to assess their HRV during a 5-min rest period, followed by three trials to explore the CDR, elicited by an intense white noise, during the viewing of chocolate, neutral, and unpleasant pictures. After the test, participants completed a questionnaire to measure eating disorder symptomatology. The HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR and to eating disorder symptomatology in chocolate cravers. In addition, the HRV was inversely related to the magnitude of the CDR when viewing unpleasant pictures but not to neutral or chocolate ones, across all participants. These findings support the idea that poor autonomic regulation, indexed by low HRV, plays a relevant role in food craving and uncontrolled eating behavior.

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