A Bayesian nested patch occupancy model to estimate steelhead movement and abundance

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Waterhouse ◽  
Jody White ◽  
Kevin See ◽  
Andrew Murdoch ◽  
Brice X. Semmens
Keyword(s):  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Occupancy Model ◽  
Patch Occupancy Model

scholarly journals Uniform persistence and almost periodic solutions of a nonautonomous patch occupancy model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Jehad Alzabut ◽  
Shahram Rezapour ◽  
Mohammad Esmael Samei
Keyword(s):  
Differential Inequality ◽  
Almost Periodic Solution ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Uniform Persistence ◽  
Almost Periodic ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Sharp Threshold ◽  
Intertidal Community ◽  
Patch Occupancy Model ◽  
Inequality Techniques

Abstract In this paper, a nonlinear nonautonomous model in a rocky intertidal community is studied. The model is composed of two species in a rocky intertidal community and describes a patch occupancy with global dispersal of propagules and occupy each other by individual organisms. Firstly, we study the uniform persistence of the model via differential inequality techniques. Furthermore, a sharp threshold of global asymptotic stability and the existence of a unique almost periodic solution are derived. To prove the main results, we construct an appropriate Lyapunov function whose conditions are easily verified. The assumptions of the model are reasonable, and the results complement previously known ones. An example with specific values of parameters is included for demonstration of theoretical outcomes.

scholarly journals When environmentally persistent pathogens transform good habitat into ecological traps

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 160051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton B. Leach ◽  
Colleen T. Webb ◽  
Paul C. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Ecological Trap ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Environmental Persistence ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Patch Occupancy Model ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Persistent Pathogens

Habitat quality plays an important role in the dynamics and stability of wildlife metapopulations. However, the benefits of high-quality habitat may be modulated by the presence of an environmentally persistent pathogen. In some cases, the presence of environmental pathogen reservoirs on high-quality habitat may lead to the creation of ecological traps, wherein host individuals preferentially colonize high-quality habitat, but are then exposed to increased infection risk and disease-induced mortality. We explored this possibility through the development of a stochastic patch occupancy model, where we varied the pathogen’s virulence, transmission rate and environmental persistence as well as the distribution of habitat quality in the host metapopulation. This model suggests that for pathogens with intermediate levels of spread, high-quality habitat can serve as an ecological trap, and can be detrimental to host persistence relative to low-quality habitat. This inversion of the relative roles of high- and low-quality habitat highlights the importance of considering the interaction between spatial structure and pathogen transmission when managing wildlife populations exposed to an environmentally persistent pathogen.

scholarly journals Species fluctuations sustained by a cyclic succession at the edge of chaos

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (20) ◽  
pp. 6389-6394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Benincà ◽  
Bill Ballantine ◽  
Stephen P. Ellner ◽  
Jef Huisman
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Nonequilibrium Dynamics ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Bare Rock ◽  
Edge Of Chaos ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Patch Occupancy Model

Although mathematical models and laboratory experiments have shown that species interactions can generate chaos, field evidence of chaos in natural ecosystems is rare. We report on a pristine rocky intertidal community located in one of the world’s oldest marine reserves that has displayed a complex cyclic succession for more than 20 y. Bare rock was colonized by barnacles and crustose algae, they were overgrown by mussels, and the subsequent detachment of the mussels returned bare rock again. These processes generated irregular species fluctuations, such that the species coexisted over many generations without ever approaching a stable equilibrium state. Analysis of the species fluctuations revealed a dominant periodicity of about 2 y, a global Lyapunov exponent statistically indistinguishable from zero, and local Lyapunov exponents that alternated systematically between negative and positive values. This pattern indicates that the community moved back and forth between stabilizing and chaotic dynamics during the cyclic succession. The results are supported by a patch-occupancy model predicting similar patterns when the species interactions were exposed to seasonal variation. Our findings show that natural ecosystems can sustain continued changes in species abundances and that seasonal forcing may push these nonequilibrium dynamics to the edge of chaos.

Stochastic Spatiotemporal Patterns of Metapopulation Occupancy in Dynamic Wetlandscapes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Enrico Bertassello ◽  
James Jawtiz ◽  
Enrico Bertuzzo ◽  
Gianluca Botter ◽  
Jason Hoverman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Species Dispersal ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Patchy Habitat ◽  
Patchy Habitats ◽  
Patch Occupancy Model ◽  
Dynamic Landscapes ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic

<p>Dynamic internal feedbacks and stochastic external shocks drive the spatial organization and heterogeneity of patchy habitats, and thus the temporal variability of patch suitability and accessibility. Such spatiotemporal shifts impact species dispersal among patches and metapopulation persistence. Here, we extended the widely recognized concepts of patch-occupancy and metapopulation capacity from static to dynamic patchy habitats, with isolated wetlands embedded in uplands as the case study. We present a new metapopulation modeling approach by linking a hydrological model for wetland variability with a dynamic stochastic patch-occupancy model. In two case study wetlandscapes, we evaluate (1) spatiotemporal dynamics of wetland hydrologic regimes, and patch suitability and connectivity driven by stochastic hydroclimatic forcing, and (2) spatiotemporal patterns of patch occupancy and metapopulation dispersal dynamics. Our modeling results reveal the importance of specific connected patches that serve as persistent hubs and form the backbone of dispersal corridors to support species dispersal in fragmented dynamic landscapes. Our analyses reveal that the interplay between stochastic hydroclimatic forcing and patchy habitat structure could drive species to extinction when specific thresholds are crossed.</p>

Effectiveness of Protected Areas in Conserving the Highly Hunted Mammal Species as Bushmeat in Southern Benin

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Chabi A.M.S. Djagoun ◽  
Etotépé A. Sogbohossou ◽  
Barthélémy Kassa ◽  
Christian B. Ahouandjinou ◽  
Hugues A. Akpona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Occupancy Model ◽  
Habitat Occupancy ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitat ◽  
Lama Forest

Background: The habitat degradation together with fragmentation and illegal hunting represent a major threat for biodiversity conservation in Lama protected areas. Method: We used a combination of questionnaire survey with local communities for ranking the hunted mammal species as bushmeat and track surveys in gridded-cell system of 500x500 m2 (n=268) to assess at what extend the management design, the anthropogenic factors and habitat type affect the occupancy model of those mammal species. Results: Twenty mammal species have been predominantly reported by the local inhabitants to consume bushmeat species and 5 of them have been identified as the most preferable as hunted game mammals. The selection of the preferred habitat among the swampy forest, the dense forest, the tree plantations and cropland for the prioritized game species varies between species but looks similar when grouping in different orders. Some bushmeat species were found to select the more secure habitat (natural forest); suggesting the zoning system in the Lama forest can passively protect those species. However, some species such as T. swinderianus although highly hunted showed preference to anthropogenic habitat, avoiding the well secured core zone in Lama Forest. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the importance of the zoning system with different management objectives in the habitat occupancy model of the highly hunted wildlife species.

scholarly journals Factors affecting presence and relative abundance of the Endangered volcano rabbit Romerolagus diazi, a habitat specialist

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Felipe Osuna ◽  
Roger Guevara ◽  
Enrique Martínez-Meyer ◽  
Raúl Alcalá ◽  
Alejandro Espinosa de los Monteros
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rock Cover ◽  
Volcanic Fields ◽  
Mountain Grasslands ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Habitat specialists are particularly vulnerable to extinction when habitat conditions are altered. Information on the habitat use of such species is thus important because it provides insight into factors that influence distribution and abundance, which is crucial for conservation. Here, we aimed to identify factors that influence the patterns of presence and abundance of the Endangered volcano rabbit Romerolagus diazi, a rare leporid with a patchy distribution. Through exhaustive sampling of its range in the Sierra Chichinautzin and Sierra Nevada volcanic fields, Mexico, and using generalized linear models, we found that the probability of patch occupancy was higher where bunchgrass cover exceeded 75%, rock cover exceeded 5%, no cattle grazing was observed and human settlements were at least 7 km away. Patches with greater relative abundance were those with similar characteristics, but located at elevations > 3,600 m, and with rock cover < 15%. Cattle grazing was identified as a major threat to local populations of the volcano rabbit, particularly in the Sierra Chichinautzin. Because of the significance of bunchgrasses for this species, the protection of the mountain grasslands is required in both volcanic fields.

Pattern Formation in a Patch Occupancy Metapopulation Model: a Cellular Automata Approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan E. Keymer ◽  
Pablo A. Marquet ◽  
Alan R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Metapopulation Model ◽  
Patch Occupancy
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