A developmental staging system and musculoskeletal development sequence of the common musk turtle ( Sternotherus odoratus )

2020 ◽  
Vol 250 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Smith Paredes ◽  
Arianna Lord ◽  
Dalton Meyer ◽  
Bhart‐Anjan S. Bhullar
Keyword(s):  
Staging System ◽  
Musculoskeletal Development ◽  
Sternotherus Odoratus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Developmental Staging

scholarly journals Structure and function of the feeding apparatus in the common musk turtle Sternotherus odoratus (Chelonia, Kinosternidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Natchev ◽  
Egon Heiss ◽  
Katharina Singer ◽  
Stefan Kummer ◽  
Dietmar Salaberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Freshwater Turtles ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Jaw Opening ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cavity ◽  
Sternotherus Odoratus ◽  
Food Transport ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pharyngeal Packing

The present study examined the kinematic patterns of initial food uptake, food transport, pharyngeal packing and swallowing in the common musk turtle Sternotherus odoratus. These data are supplemented by morphological descriptions of the skull and the hyolingual complex. Although the hyoid is mainly cartilaginous, S. odoratus still use exclusively hydrodynamic mechanisms in prey capture and prey transport. The tongue is relatively small, with weakly developed intrinsic musculature. We propose that the elasticity of the hypoglossum and the hyoid body impacts the capability of S. odoratus to suction feed, but allows these turtles to effectively re-position the food items within the oropharyngeal cavity during transport, manipulation and pharyngeal packing. We standardised conditions in all feeding events by using food items of the same consistence and size, and by always offering the food at the same position at the bottom of the aquarium. Nonetheless, the measured kinematic values varied considerably. The duration of prey capture and prey transport cycles were relatively long in S. odoratus compared to other freshwater turtles studied so far. The initiation of hyoid retraction relative to the onset of jaw opening can be modulated not only in prey capture but also in prey transport cycles. In the common musk turtle, the jaw and hyoid movements apparently have a low level of integration.

The History and Challenge of Rett Syndrome

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S3-S5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Developmental Staging ◽  
Andreas Rett ◽  
Syndrome Association

Rett syndrome was first described in 1966 by Dr Andreas Rett, who reported in German his findings in 22 patients. Recognition of the syndrome grew slowly until 1983, when a series of 35 patients from several countries was reported in English. By 1987, the number of known cases had grown to over 1,250 worldwide, the International Rett Syndrome Association had been founded, and international conferences on the syndrome were being held regularly. Although a developmental staging system has been devised, many questions remain concerning the course of the disease. Rett syndrome poses a challenge to the physicians, therapists, psychologists, educators, and families involved with affected patients, as well as to researchers investigating the syndrome. (J Child Neurol 1988;3(Suppl):S3-S5).

Epidemiology, Clinico-radiological Profile and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Rajeeb Kumar Deo ◽  
Prakash Chitalkar ◽  
Srijan Malla ◽  
Indu KC ◽  
Binod Karki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
The Common

Introduction: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy of gastrointestinal tract presenting in clinical practice. The common etiologies are hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and alcohol consumption. Treatment of HCC is multimodality based on Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. The aim of the article is to study the demographic, clinico-radiological profile and treatment patterns of HCC patients. Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study of patients diagnosed as HCC at Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni, Kathmandu, Nepal from April 2017 to March 2020. The study was approved by Institutional Review Committee. Data were collected for demography, clinical feature, histology, HBsAg status, serum AFP values, radiological findings and treatment details from hospital record. Data were analysed using Excel 2010 and SPSS v 21. Results: Total of 36 patients diagnosed with HCC were included for analysis. There was a male predominance (72.22%) and the mean age was 66.75 ± 12.02 years. Pain abdomen and jaundice were present in 63.89% and 38.89% respectively at presentation and features of chronic liver disease (CLD) were evident in 83.33%. HBsAg was present in 44.44% of HCC. Location of tumour was primarily in right lobe (80.56%) and size of lesion varied greatly. Tissue diagnosis was obtained in 52.78% patients. Chemotherapy option was limited to Sorafenib. Conclusions: HCC is more prevalent in older males. The common modes of presentation were pain abdomen and jaundice. Most of the HCC had underlying CLD and were advanced. Sorafenib was the mainstay of treatment in advanced HCC.

scholarly journals The Dramatic Consequences of an Accidental Ligation of the Celiac Trunk during Surgery Performed on a Child with Neuroblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz ◽  
Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska ◽  
Przemysław Mańkowski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Group ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Childhood Cancers ◽  
Neuroblastoma Tumor ◽  
The Common ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in infants and young children, and accounts for approximately 8–10% of all childhood cancers. The International Neuroblastoma Staging System (The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS)) is based on the age of patient and preoperative imaging, with attention paid to whether the primary tumor is affected by one or more of specific Image-Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs). Patients are classified into the following groups: locoregional L1 and L2 (absent or present IDRFs respectively), M stage (a disseminated form of neuroblastoma) and Ms (the stage present in children younger than 18 months of age with the disease spread to the bone marrow and/or liver, and/or skin). This publication is aimed to present an unexpected complication associated with an accidental ligation of the celiac trunk during resection of a neuroblastoma tumor in a 2.5-year-old boy after initial chemotherapy, initially with vascular IDRFs, stage L2. The consequences of this complication were pancreatic and spleen ischemia and necrosis, and ischemia and perforation of the common bile duct, gallbladder, stomach, and duodenum. Despite detailed diagnostic imaging (computed tomography, magnetic resonance), the presence of vascular IDRFs may result in an unexpected complication in the surgical treatment of neuroblastoma in children.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL SIGNALS IN VERTEBRATE PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEMS INVOLVING COMMON MUSK TURTLES, STERNOTHERUS ODORATUS, AND THEIR PREDATORS

2014 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Don Moll ◽  
Neil Dazet
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chelydra Serpentina ◽  
Agkistrodon Piscivorus ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Snapping Turtle ◽  
Snapping Turtles ◽  
Sternotherus Odoratus ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Control

Rathke’s gland secretions (RGS) of Common Musk Turtles have a variety of proposed functions including predator deterrence and attraction, but experimental studies testing these hypotheses are lacking. This study used laboratory and field experiments to test whether RGS had attraction or repellent effects on two natural predators, the Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus), and the Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina). In a laboratory experiment, we examined latency to feed and consumption times for Cottonmouths offered RGS-treated minnows and control minnows. In a field study, we investigated the ratio of snapping turtles appearing in traps with and without RGS-treated bait. The latency to feed times for Cottonmouths offered RGS-treated minnows were not significantly different from those offered control minnows. However, prey consumption times for Cottonmouths feeding on RGS-treated minnows were significantly greater than those feeding on control minnows. These results suggest that the RGS may lengthen the time of a predation sequence, possibly allowing the turtle more time to escape from the predator. The number of snapping turtles appearing in traps with RGS-treated bait was significantly greater than the number of snapping turtles in traps without RGS-treated bait. These results support the predator attraction hypothesis, where the signal may attract additional predators that interfere with a predation event, providing an opportunity for the prey to escape.

The Fish in the Turtle: On the Functionality of the Oropharynx in the Common Musk Turtle Sternotherus odoratus (Chelonia, Kinosternidae) Concerning Feeding and Underwater Respiration

2010 ◽  
Vol 293 (8) ◽  
pp. 1416-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egon Heiss ◽  
Nikolay Natchev ◽  
Christian Beisser ◽  
Patrick Lemell ◽  
Josef Weisgram
Keyword(s):  
Sternotherus Odoratus ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals The Important Role of the Radiologist in Determining the Indications for the Surgical Treatment of Neuroblastoma with Vascular Image-Defined Risk Factors: A Case Report

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz ◽  
Przemysław Mańkowski ◽  
Anna Wojas ◽  
Katarzyna Jończyk-Potoczna ◽  
Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Neuroblastoma Tumor ◽  
The Common

The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS) is based on the age of patients and preoperative imaging, with attention paid to whether the primary tumor is affected by one or more of specific image-defined risk factors (IDRFs). This publication presents a 2.5-year-old boy with neuroblastoma who had an accidental ligation of the celiac trunk during tumor resection. The consequences of this complication were pancreatic and spleen ischemia and necrosis, ischemia, and perforation of the common bile duct, gallbladder, stomach, and duodenum. The aim of this publication was to highlight the great role of the radiologist in determining the indications for neuroblastoma tumor removal, especially with current vascular IDRFs, and to show how the radiologist’s insightful approach can save the patient from irreversible complications.

scholarly journals Addition of sintilimab to nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel and S-1 as adjuvant therapy in stage IIIC gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Mei ◽  
Min Shi ◽  
Zhenglun Zhu ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Chao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Tnm Staging ◽  
Stage Iiic ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Tnm Staging System ◽  
Relapse Pattern ◽  
The Common ◽  
8Th Edition

The prognosis of stage III gastric cancer (GC) is not satisfying and the specific chemotherapy regimens for GC of stage IIIC based on the 8th edition of the UICC/AJCC TNM staging system are still inconclusive. Peritoneal recurrence is the common and severe relapse pattern. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-PTX) is safer and more effective than PTX in the peritoneal metastasis. Clinical trial has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of sintilimab in GC. A combination of Nab-PTX, S-1 and sintilimab could be a promising triplet regimen as adjuvant therapy for GC. The aim of this article is to describe the design of this prospective Dragon-VII trial, conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the combination of Nab-PTX, S-1 and sintilimab. Trial registration: NCT04781413

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