Nest temperature: Effects on maternal behavior, pup development, and interactions with handling

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Jans ◽  
Barbara C. Woodside
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Nest Temperature ◽  
Pup Development

Protein malnutrition induced during gestation: Its effect on pup development and maternal behavior

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Massaro ◽  
David A. Levitsky ◽  
Richard H. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Protein Malnutrition ◽  
Pup Development

Protein malnutrition in the rat: Its effects on maternal behavior and pup development

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Massaro ◽  
David A. Levitsky ◽  
Richard H. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Protein Malnutrition ◽  
Pup Development

scholarly journals Olfactory Bulbectomy in Methamphetamine-Treated Rat Mothers Induces Impairment in Somatic and Functional Development of Their Offspring

2017 ◽  
pp. S469-S479
Author(s):  
R. ŠLAMBEROVÁ ◽  
J. RUDÁ-KUČEROVÁ ◽  
Z. BABINSKÁ ◽  
M. ŠEVČÍKOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Olfactory Bulbectomy ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Challenge Dose ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Pup Development

Olfactory bulbectomy in rodents is considered a putative model of depression. Depression is often associated with drug addiction. Our previous studies demonstrated that methamphetamine (MA) administration to rat mothers affects both, mothers and their pups. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of bulbectomy, as a model of depression, and MA administration on behavior of rat mothers and postnatal development of their pups. Adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: bulbectomized (OBX) and sham-operated (SH). A period of 20 days was allowed for the development of the depressive-like phenotype. Animals were tested in the motor activity test and 2 % sucrose preference for anhedonia and hyperactive locomotor response to a novel environment, respectively. After then females were impregnated. Pregnant females were exposed to daily subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of MA (5 mg/kg) or saline (SA) during the entire gestation period. Postnatally, maternal behavior and pup development was examined. The effect of a challenge dose of MA (1 mg/kg, s.c.) on behavior was further examined in adult male offspring. Our results showed no differences in the maternal behavior as a matter of bulbectomy, only OBX rats slept more than all the SH controls. Pups from OBX mothers were born with lower birthweight and gained less weight during the postnatal development than pups from SH controls. Both, bulbectomy and MA administration, delayed the eyes opening. As a matter of functional development of the pups, maternal OBX procedure impaired the performance in the Bar-holding test, but only in saline group. OBX/SA group was the worst in the Bar-holding test relative to all the other groups. In addition, pups from OBX mothers dropped more boluses during the Bar-holding test, suggesting that they were more stressed. In adult male offspring, bulbectomy increased immobility only in the SA/SA group. Prenatal MA exposure increased locomotion, while decreasing immobility. In addition, challenge dose of MA in adulthood increased distance traveled, locomotion, rearing, and average and maximal velocity, while decreasing immobility and grooming. In conclusion, our results suggest that depressive-like phenotype of rat mothers induces impairment in somatic and functional development of their male offspring.

Maternal behavior variations and adaptations, and pup development within litters of various sizes in Wistar rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Deviterne ◽  
Didier Desor ◽  
Bertrand Krafft
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Pup Development

Pup development and maternal behavior in captive Key Largo woodrats (Neotoma floridana smalli)

Zoo Biology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina A. Alligood ◽  
Catharine J. Wheaton ◽  
Holly M. Forde ◽  
Kathleen N. Smith ◽  
Andre J. Daneault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Neotoma Floridana ◽  
Pup Development ◽  
Key Largo

scholarly journals Effects of Perinatal Exposure to Phthalates and a High-Fat Diet on Maternal Behavior and Pup Development and Social Play

Endocrinology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 1088-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Kougias ◽  
Laura R Cortes ◽  
Laura Moody ◽  
Steven Rhoads ◽  
Yuan-Xiang Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Social Play ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Pup Development

Characterization of carbides in M50NiL

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
L. S. Lin ◽  
K. P. Gumz ◽  
A. V. Karg ◽  
C. C. Law
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fee Structure ◽  
Heat Treated

Carbon and temperature effects on carbide formation in the carburized zone of M50NiL are of great importance because they can be used to control surface properties of bearings. A series of homogeneous alloys (with M50NiL as base composition) containing various levels of carbon in the range of 0.15% to 1.5% (in wt.%) and heat treated at temperatures between 650°C to 1100°C were selected for characterizations. Eleven samples were chosen for carbide characterization and chemical analysis and their identifications are listed in Table 1.Five different carbides consisting of M6C, M2C, M7C3 and M23C6 were found in all eleven samples examined as shown in Table 1. M6C carbides (with least carbon) were found to be the major carbide in low carbon alloys (<0.3% C) and their amounts decreased as the carbon content increased. In sample C (0.3% C), most particles (95%) encountered were M6C carbide with a particle sizes range between 0.05 to 0.25 um. The M6C carbide are enriched in both Mo and Fe and have a fee structure with lattice parameter a=1.105 nm (Figure 1).

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