Updating reactivated memories in infancy: I. Passive- and active-exposure effects

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lissa Galluccio
Keyword(s):  
Reactivated Memories

The Names of Local Heroes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Grillot
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Indian Reservations ◽  
Indian Wars ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Frontier Settlers ◽  
Reactivated Memories

This chapter emphasizes the significance of the war in rearranging relations between races at the local level. In a colonial spirit of “closing the frontier,” settlers living on or near Indian reservations appropriated Indian military participation. When raising funds for monuments or creating local heroes, whites invoked a brotherhood-in-arms and celebrated the true end of the Indian wars. Indians took advantage of their neighbors' willingness to include them in their celebrations and reactivated memories and heroes of the pre-reservation era. However, the war monuments that memorialized the dead Indian heroes on several reservations often did little else but list their names and dates of service. But their very existence resulted from a complex struggle in which tribes, bands, chiefs and chiefs' descendants, town notables, and white and Indian elites tried to appropriate for themselves the national legitimacy that military sacrifice carried.

Forgetting of recently acquired or recently reactivated memories

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman E. Spear ◽  
Jean M. Hamberg ◽  
Richard Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Reactivated Memories

scholarly journals Repeatedly reactivated memories become more resistant to hippocampal damage

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lehmann ◽  
K. C. McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Damage ◽  
Reactivated Memories

The forgetting of newly acquired and reactivated memories of 3-month-old infants

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn K. Rovee-Collier ◽  
Mary Enright ◽  
Debora Lucas ◽  
Jeffrey W. Fagen ◽  
Marcy J. Gekoski
Keyword(s):  
Reactivated Memories

scholarly journals Hypothermia-induced amnesia for newly acquired and old reactivated memories: Commonalities and distinctions

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Mactutus ◽  
Jacquelyn M. Ferek ◽  
Catherine A. George ◽  
David C. Riccio
Keyword(s):  
Reactivated Memories

scholarly journals Spatial distancing reduces emotional arousal to reactivated memories

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1967-1973
Author(s):  
Natasha Parikh ◽  
Brynn McGovern ◽  
Kevin S. LaBar
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Reactivated Memories

scholarly journals Dopamine controls whether new declarative information updates reactivated memories through reconsolidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (29) ◽  
pp. e2025275118
Author(s):  
María Carolina Gonzalez ◽  
Janine I. Rossato ◽  
Andressa Radiske ◽  
Lia R. M. Bevilaqua ◽  
Martín Cammarota
Keyword(s):  
Novelty Detection ◽  
Active Network ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
New Information ◽  
Object Recognition Memory ◽  
Information Updates ◽  
Reactivated Memories ◽  
With Memory

Consolidation and reconsolidation are independent memory processes. Consolidation stabilizes new memories, whereas reconsolidation restabilizes memories destabilized when reactivated during recall. However, the biological role of the destabilization/reconsolidation cycle is still unknown. It has been hypothesized that reconsolidation links new information with reactivated memories, but some reports suggest that new and old memories are associated through consolidation mechanisms instead. Object-recognition memory (ORM) serves to judge the familiarity of items and is essential for remembering previous events. We took advantage of the fact that ORM consolidation, destabilization, and reconsolidation can be pharmacologically dissociated to demonstrate that, depending on the activation state of hippocampal dopamine D1/D5 receptors, the memory of a novel object presented during recall of the memory of a familiar one can be formed via reconsolidation or consolidation, but only reconsolidation can link them. We also found that recognition memories formed through reconsolidation can be destabilized even if indirectly reactivated. Our results indicate that dopamine couples novelty detection with memory destabilization to determine whether a new recognition trace is associated with an active network and suggest that declarative reminders should be used with caution during reconsolidation-based psychotherapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Destabilizing Different Strengths of Fear Memories Requires Different Degrees of Prediction Error During Retrieval

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Junjiao Li ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Shaochen Zhao ◽  
Min Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Conditioned Fear ◽  
Fear Memory ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Extinction Procedure ◽  
Essential Boundary Condition ◽  
Retrieval Strategies ◽  
Fear Potentiated Startle ◽  
Reactivated Memories

Reactivation of consolidated memories can induce a labile period, in which these reactivated memories might be susceptible to change and need reconsolidation. Prediction error (PE) has been recognized as a necessary boundary condition for memory destabilization. Moreover, memory strength is also widely accepted as an essential boundary condition to destabilize fear memory. This study investigated whether different strengths of conditioned fear memories require different degrees of PE during memory reactivation in order for the memories to become destabilized. Here, we assessed the fear-potentiated startle and skin conductance response, using the post-retrieval extinction procedure. A violation of expectancy (PE) was induced during retrieval to reactivate enhanced (unpredictable-shock) or ordinary (predictable-shock) fear memories that were established the day before. Results showed that a PE retrieval before extinction can prevent the return of predictable-shock fear memory but cannot prevent the return of unpredictable-shock fear memory, indicating that a single PE is insufficient to destabilize enhanced fear memory. Therefore, we further investigated whether increasing the degree of PE could destabilize enhanced fear memory using different retrieval strategies (multiple PE retrieval and unreinforced CS retrieval). We found that spontaneous recovery of enhanced fear memory was prevented in both retrieval strategies, but reinstatement was only prevented in the multiple PE retrieval group, suggesting that a larger amount of PE is needed to destabilize enhanced fear memory. The findings suggest that behavioral updating during destabilization requires PE, and the degree of PE needed to induce memory destabilization during memory retrieval depends on the strength of fear memory. The study indicates that memory reconsolidation inference can be used to destabilize stronger memories, and the findings shed lights on the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders and anxiety disorders.

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