scholarly journals Challenges of flow-cytometric estimation of nuclear genome size in orchids, a plant group with both whole-genome and progressively partial endoreplication

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 958-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Trávníček ◽  
Jan Ponert ◽  
Tomáš Urfus ◽  
Jana Jersáková ◽  
Jan Vrána ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Plant Group

Nuclear genome size in Selaginella

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon P. Little ◽  
Robbin C. Moran ◽  
Eric D. Brenner ◽  
Dennis Wm. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Flow Cytometric Data ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Flow Cytometric

Estimates of nuclear genome size for 9 Selaginella species were obtained using flow cytometry, and measurements for 7 of these species are reported for the first time. Estimates range from 0.086 to 0.112 pg per holoploid genome (84–110 Mb). The data presented here agree with the previously published flow cytometric results for S. moellendorffii . Within the 9 species sampled here, chromosome number varies from 2n = 16 to 2n = 27. Nuclear genome size appears to be strongly correlated with chromosome number (Spearman’s rank correlation; p = 0.00003725). Cultivated S. moellendorffii lacks sexual reproduction—manifest by the production of abortive megasporangia. Flow cytometric data generated from a herbarium specimen of a fertile wild-collected S. moellendorffii are virtually indistinguishable from the data generated from fresh material (0.088 vs. 0.089 pg/1C). Therefore, the limited fertility observed in cultivated plants is probably not the result of abnormal chromosome number (e.g., induced by interspecific hybridization).

scholarly journals Flow cytometric estimation of the nuclear genome size of 22Echinops (Asteraceae) taxa from Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handan ŞAPCI ◽  
Monika REWERS ◽  
Cem VURAL ◽  
Elwira SLIWINSKA
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Flow Cytometric

scholarly journals Estimation of nuclear genome size of the genus Mycetophylax Emery, 1913: Evidence of no whole-genome duplication in Neoattini

2012 ◽  
Vol 335 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danon Clemes Cardoso ◽  
Carlos Roberto Carvalho ◽  
Maykon Passos Cristiano ◽  
Fernanda Aparecida Ferrari Soares ◽  
Mara Garcia Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Whole Genome Duplication ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Whole Genome

scholarly journals Origin of the Eukaryotic Cell

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Lane
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Eukaryotic Cell ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Complex Cells ◽  
Life On Earth

All complex life on Earth is composed of ‘eukaryotic’ cells. Eukaryotes arose just once in 4 billion years, via an endosymbiosis — bacteria entered a simple host cell, evolving into mitochondria, the ‘powerhouses’ of complex cells. Mitochondria lost most of their genes, retaining only those needed for respiration, giving eukaryotes ‘multi-bacterial’ power without the costs of maintaining thousands of complete bacterial genomes. These energy savings supported a substantial expansion in nuclear genome size, and far more protein synthesis from each gene.

scholarly journals Genome Size of Twenty Wild Species of Oryza Determined by Flow Cytometric and Chromosome Analyses

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshie Miyabayashi ◽  
Ken-Ichi Nonomura ◽  
Hiroko Morishima ◽  
Nori Kurata
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Flow Cytometric

Nuclear genome size variation in fleshy-fruited Neotropical Myrtaceae

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itayguara Ribeiro da Costa ◽  
Marcelo Carnier Dornelas ◽  
Eliana Regina Forni-Martins
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Genome Size Variation

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Determination of Genome Size in the Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae sensu stricto and Sciadopityaceae.

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Hizume ◽  
Teiji Kondo ◽  
Fukashi Shibata ◽  
Ryoko Ishizuka
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Flow Cytometric

The Genome Size of Some Species of Hyalomma Ticks from Turkish Thrace 

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadim Yılmazer
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Diploid Genome ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Sex Determination System ◽  
First Time

Hyalomma scupense, H. excavatum and H. marginatum are globally important tick species, as well as in Turkey, both in terms of human and animal health. The genome sizes of these tick species were determined in this study for the first time. From flow cytometric measurements, diploid genome sizes of female and male H. scupense were found to be 2.13 pg and 1.75 pg, respectively, while H. excavatum were 2.21 pg and 1.94 pg, and H. marginatum were 2.48 pg and 1.98 pg, respectively. Differences in diploid genome size indicate X chromosome size of females and males in these ticks because they have an XX:XO sex determination system. Thus, it was estimated that the X chromosome of H. scupense, H. excavatum, and H. marginatum may be composed of as much as 0.38 pg, 0.27 pg, and 0.50 pg of DNA, respectively. These findings indicate suitability of these three species for genome sequencing due to the relatively small size of their genomes compared with other tick species.

scholarly journals Nuclear-cytoplasmic balance: whole genome duplications induce elevated organellar genome copy number

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Fernandes Gyorfy ◽  
Emma R Miller ◽  
Justin L Conover ◽  
Corrinne E Grover ◽  
Jonathan F Wendel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Copy ◽  
Relative Copy Number ◽  
Organellar Genome ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Genome Copy Number

The plant genome is partitioned across three distinct subcellular compartments: the nucleus, mitochondria, and plastids. Successful coordination of gene expression among these organellar genomes and the nuclear genome is critical for plant function and fitness. Whole genome duplication events (WGDs) in the nucleus have played a major role in the diversification of land plants and are expected to perturb the relative copy number (stoichiometry) of nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid genomes. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms whereby plant cells respond to the cytonuclear stoichiometric imbalance that follow WGDs represents an important yet underexplored question in understanding the evolutionary consequences of genome doubling. We used droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to investigate the relationship between nuclear and organellar genome copy numbers in allopolyploids and their diploid progenitors in both wheat and Arabidopsis. Polyploids exhibit elevated organellar genome copy numbers per cell, largely preserving the cytonuclear stoichiometry observed in diploids despite the change in nuclear genome copy number. To investigate the timescale over which cytonuclear stoichiometry may respond to WGD, we also estimated organellar genome copy number in Arabidopsis synthetic autopolyploids and in a haploid-induced diploid line. We observed corresponding changes in organellar genome copy number in these laboratory-generated lines, indicating that at least some of the cellular response to cytonuclear stoichiometric imbalance is immediate following WGD. We conclude that increases in organellar genome copy numbers represent a common response to polyploidization, suggesting that maintenance of cytonuclear stoichiometry is an important component in establishing polyploid lineages.

scholarly journals Nuclear genome size and karyotype analysis in Papaver for BAC library construction

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
T. K. Kyrylenko ◽  
O. I. Martynenko ◽  
O. G. Alkhimova
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Bac Library ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Library Construction
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