Efficient output waveform evaluation of a CMOS inverter based on short-circuit current prediction

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chatzigeorgiou ◽  
S. Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Output Waveform ◽  
Waveform Evaluation

scholarly journals Break-before-Make CMOS Inverter for Power-Efficient Delay Implementation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Puhan ◽  
Dušan Raič ◽  
Tadej Tuma ◽  
Árpád Bűrmen
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Delay Element ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
In Series ◽  
Detector Cell

A modified static CMOS inverter with two inputs and two outputs is proposed to reduce short-circuit current in order to increment delay and reduce power overhead where slow operation is required. The circuit is based on bidirectional delay element connected in series with the PMOS and NMOS switching transistors. It provides differences in the dynamic response so that the direct-path current in the next stage is reduced. The switching transistors are never ON at the same time. Characteristics of various delay element implementations are presented and verified by circuit simulations. Global optimization procedure is used to obtain the most power-efficient transistor sizing. The performance of the modified CMOS inverter chain is compared to standard implementation for various delays. The energy (charge) per delay is reduced up to 40%. The use of the proposed delay element is demonstrated by implementing a low-power delay line and a leading-edge detector cell.

Tunnel FinFET CMOS Inverter with Very Low Short-Circuit Current for Ultra-Low Power IoT Application

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Morita ◽  
K. Fukuda ◽  
Y. Liu ◽  
T. Mori ◽  
W. Mizubayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Ultra Low Power

scholarly journals SIZING CMOS INVERTERS WITH MILLER EFFECT AND THRESHOLD VOLTAGE VARIATIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 437-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
BORIS ANDREEV ◽  
EDWARD L. TITLEBAUM ◽  
EBY G. FRIEDMAN
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Delay Times

The maximum speed of synchronous circuits is generally constrained by the worst case propagation delay, which limits the system clock frequency. Various techniques exist to manage the circuit delay, trading off speed for other system resources. One such approach is to equalize the rise and fall delay times. The primary design parameter for equalizing these delay times is the ratio between the width of the PMOS and NMOS transistors, which determines the relationship between the currents passed along the pull-up and pull-down paths. The variation of the pull-up to pull-down ratio for different circuit parameters is discussed in this paper under the constraint of equal rise and fall delay times. It is shown that the short-circuit current and the Miller capacitance affect the ideal linear relationship between the CMOS inverter delay times and the load capacitance, requiring the pull-up to pull-down ratio to be adjusted as circuit parameters are varied. These effects are more pronounced in deep submicrometer technologies with significant parasitic MOSFET capacitances and threshold voltage variations. Based on analytic and experimental observations, circuit design guidelines are proposed to minimize the Miller effect.

Tunnel FinFET CMOS inverter with very low short-circuit current for ultralow-power Internet of Things application

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (4S) ◽  
pp. 04CD19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukinori Morita ◽  
Koichi Fukuda ◽  
Yongxun Liu ◽  
Takahiro Mori ◽  
Wataru Mizubayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Ultralow Power

Estimation Methods of Short Circuit Current using Normal PMU Measurements and Field Testing

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Suresh Chand Verma ◽  
Yoshiki Nakachi ◽  
Yoshihiko Wazawa ◽  
Yoko Kosaka ◽  
Takenori Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Estimation Methods

About the Selection of a Single-Phase Short-Circuit Current on Earth in the Network With Low-Ohm Resistive Grounding of the Neutral

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Andrei V. MAIOROV ◽  
◽  
Kirill A. OSINTSEV ◽  
Andrei V. SHUNTOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Selection Of

Optical Absorption Enhancement in Polymer BHJ thin Film Using Ag Nanostructures: A Simulation Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-567
Author(s):  
Asma Khalil ◽  
Zubair Ahmad ◽  
Farid Touati ◽  
Mohamed Masmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Organic Solar Cell ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Butyric Acid Methyl Ester

Background: The photo-absorption and light trapping through the different layers of the organic solar cell structures are a growing concern now-a-days as it affects dramatically the overall efficiency of the cells. In fact, selecting the right material combination is a key factor in increasing the efficiency in the layers. In addition to good absorption properties, insertion of nanostructures has been proved in recent researches to affect significantly the light trapping inside the organic solar cell. All these factors are determined to expand the absorption spectrum and tailor it to a wider spectrum. Objective: The purpose of this investigation is to explore the consequence of the incorporation of the Ag nanostructures, with different sizes and structures, on the photo absorption of the organic BHJ thin films. Methods: Through a three-dimensional Maxwell solver software, Lumerical FDTD, a simulation and comparison of the optical absorption of the three famous organic materials blends poly(3- hexylthiophene): phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM), poly[N-9″-heptadecanyl-2,7- carbazole-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)]: phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PCDTBT:PCBM) and poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene)-alt- 4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)]: phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PCDPDTBT:PCBM) has been conducted. Furthermore, FDTD simulation study of the incorporation of nanoparticles structures with different sizes, in different locations and concentrations through a bulk heterojunction organic solar cell structure has also been performed. Results: It has been demonstrated that embedding nanostructures in different locations of the cell, specifically in the active layer and the hole transporting layer had a considerable effect of widening the absorption spectrum and increasing the short circuit current. The effect of incorporation the nanostructures in the active layer has been proved to be greater than in the HTL. Furthermore, the comparison results showed that, PCDTBT:PCBM is no more advantageous over P3HT:PCBM and PCPDTBT:PCBM, and P3HT:PCBM took the lead and showed better performance in terms of absorption spectrum and short circuit current value. Conclusion: This work revealed the significant effect of size, location and concentration of the Ag nanostructures while incorporated in the organic solar cell. In fact, embedding nanostructures in the solar cell widen the absorption spectrum and increases the short circuit current, this result has been proven to be significant only when the nanostructures are inserted in the active layer following specific dimensions and structures.

Determining the exciton diffusion length of copper phthalocyanine in operating planar-heterojunction organic solar cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 30201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Guan ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Wenxing Liu ◽  
Dashan Qin ◽  
Dayan Ban
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Diffusion Length ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Exciton Diffusion ◽  
Exciton Diffusion Length

Organic solar cells based on planar copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C60 heterojunction have been characterized, in which a 2 nm-thick layer of bathocuproine (BCP) is inserted into the CuPc layer. The thin layer of BCP allows hole current to tunnel it through but blocks the exciton diffusion, thereby altering the steady-state exciton profile in the CuPc zone (zone 1) sandwiched between BCP and C60. The short-circuit current density (JSC) of device is limited by the hole-exciton scattering effect at the BCP/CuPc (zone 1) interface. Based on the variation of JSC with the width of zone 1, the exciton diffusion length of CuPc is deduced to be 12.5–15 nm. The current research provides an easy and helpful method to determine the exciton diffusion lengths of organic electron donors.

scholarly journals Antireflection Improvement and Junction Quality Optimization of Si/PEDOT:PSS Solar Cell with the Introduction of Dopamine@Graphene

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5986
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Hao Guo ◽  
Leiming Yu ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Anran Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectra ◽  
Solar Cell Performance ◽  
Photovoltaic Conversion ◽  
Photovoltaic Conversion Efficiency

Si/PEDOT: PSS solar cell is an optional photovoltaic device owing to its promising high photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) and economic manufacture process. In this work, dopamine@graphene was firstly introduced between the silicon substrate and PEDOT:PSS film for Si/PEDOT: PSS solar cell. The dopamine@graphene was proved to be effective in improving the PCE, and the influence of mechanical properties of dopamine@graphene on solar cell performance was revealed. When dopamine@graphene was incorporated into the cell preparation, the antireflection ability of the cell was enhanced within the wavelength range of 300~450 and 650~1100 nm. The enhanced antireflection ability would benefit amount of the photon-generated carriers. The electrochemical impedance spectra test revealed that the introduction of dopamine@graphene could facilitate the separation of carriers and improve the junction quality. Thus, the short-circuit current density and fill factor were both promoted, which led to the improved PCE. Meanwhile, the influence of graphene concentration on device performances was also investigated. The photovoltaic conversion efficiency would be promoted from 11.06% to 13.15% when dopamine@graphene solution with concentration 1.5 mg/mL was applied. The achievements of this study showed that the dopamine@graphene composites could be an useful materials for high-performance Si/PEDOT:PSS solar cells.

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