Split application of a mixture of controlled‐release and common urea for improving quality and agronomic and economic performance in wheat production

Crop Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohui Li ◽  
Rui Gu ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Baowei Guo ◽  
Qigen Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Wheat Production

Influence of controlled-release urea on seed yield and N concentration, and N use efficiency of small grain crops grown on Dark Gray Luvisols

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
S S Malhi ◽  
Y K Soon ◽  
C A Grant ◽  
R. Lemke ◽  
N. Lupwayi
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Split Application ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

Field experiments were conducted on Dark Gray Luvisolic soils (Typic Cryoboralf) from 2004 to 2006 (wheat-canola-barley rotation) near Star City, Saskatchewan, and from 2004 to 2007 (barley-canola-wheat-barley rotation) near Beaverlodge, Alberta. The aim was to compare the effects of controlled-release urea (CRU) vs. conventional urea (hereafter called urea) on seed yield and N (i.e., protein) concentration, and N use efficiency (NUE). The treatments were combinations of tillage system [conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT)], and N source (urea, CRU and a blended mixture), placement method (spring-banded, fall-banded and split application) and application rate (0-90 kg N ha-1). There was no tillage × fertilizer treatment interaction on the measured crop variables. Seed yield and crop N uptake and, to a lesser degree, seed N concentration generally increased with N application to 90 kg N ha-1. Fall-banded CRU or urea generally produced lower crop yield and N uptake than spring-banded CRU or urea. Split application of urea (half each at seeding and tillering) resulted in higher seed yield and N concentration in at least 3 of 7 site-years than did CRU and urea applied at a similar rate. A blend of urea and CRU was as effective as spring-banded CRU (at Star City only). Seed yield, N recovery and NUE were higher with spring-banded CRU than urea in 2 site-years, and similar to urea in other site-years. We conclude that for boreal soils of the Canadian prairies, spring-banded CRU is as effective as urea, and in some years more effective, in increasing crop yield and N recovery; however, urea split application can be even more effective in addition to having an advantage in managing risk.Key words: Controlled-release urea, Gray Luvisol, nitrogen source, nitrogen recovery, nitrogen use efficiency, tillage systems

scholarly journals Comparison of Organic and Synthetic Fertilizers for Sedum Green Roof Maintenance

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Lubell ◽  
Kris J. Barker ◽  
George C. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizer ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Sedum Rupestre ◽  
Better Than

Fertility is an important aspect of green roof maintenance. Aesthetic quality and growth of two sedum species (Sedum album and Sedum rupestre ‘Angelina’) treated with synthetic granular fertilizer [Green View 10N-4.4P-8.3K (10-10-10)] and two organic fertilizers [Coast of Maine 4N-0.9P-1.7K (4-2-2) and Nature Safe 8N-2.2P-4.5K (8-5-5)] at 10 g N·m−2 applied as a single spring application or a split application (spring and summer) and a controlled-release fertilizer [Nutricote 14N-6.1P-11.6K (14-14-14)] at the same rate and a no fertilizer control were evaluated. The best aesthetic quality and growth was for the single application synthetic granular fertilizer, followed by the split application of synthetic granular fertilizer. Also, single applications were better than split application for the organic fertilizers, indicating that sedums use nutrients the most in spring. The organic fertilizers performed poorly because they failed to provide utilizable nutrients in adequate quantities. A low level of microbial activity in green roof media, may have contributed to the minimal amount of utilizable nutrients released by the organic fertilizers. Plants treated with controlled-release fertilizer performed similarly to the control, however, the following spring they had the best aesthetic quality, indicating the prills contained some residual nutrients.

scholarly journals Controlled-release Fertilizer Type and Rate Affect Landscape Establishment of Seven Herbaceous Perennials

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Regina P. Bracy ◽  
Allen D. Owings ◽  
Joey P. Quebedeaux
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Landscape Establishment

Use of controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) has been recommended to the landscape service industry as a best management practice for establishing landscape plants. However, application practices vary considerably among professionals and recommendations are lacking for the appropriate type (tablet vs. granular), application rate, and timing of CRF to establish herbaceous perennials. In this study, cigar plant (Cuphea ignea), daylily (Hemerocallis ‘Stella de Oro’), gaura (Gaura lindheimeri ‘Siskiyou Pink’), lantana (Lantana camara ‘New Gold’), mexican heather (Cuphea hyssopifolia), purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), and rudbeckia (Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Goldsturm’) were fertilized with granular CRF (GF) 15N–3.9P–10K (8 to 9 month) at 0, 1, 2, or 4 lb/1000 ft2 nitrogen (N) at transplant (no fertilization, GF1, GF2, and GF4, respectively), a split application of GF with 1 lb/1000 ft2 N applied at transplant and 1 lb/1000 ft2 N applied 5-months later (GF2-split), or tablet CRF 16N–3.5P–10K (8 to 9 months) at two tablets per plant (7.5 g) at transplant (TF2). Plant size and visual quality (VQ) at 5 months after transplant (MAT) were improved by fertilization for all perennials except ‘Stella de Oro’ daylily. Compared to GF2, GF4 improved the growth of perennials of larger size and greater biomass production (i.e., cigar plant), but did not further improve their VQ. All perennials grown with TF2 had similar size and quality as those grown with GF2 at 5 MAT. At 15 MAT, no difference was found among fertilizer treatments for surviving perennials except cigar plant. Split application (GF2-split) did not improve overwinter survival or second-year plant growth and quality for most species when compared with GF2. On the basis of these results, we recommend applying two tablets (7.5 g) of 16N–3.5P–10K per plant at transplant to establish the perennials tested in this study.

scholarly journals 371 Influence of Inorganic and Organically Based Fertilizers on Plant Growth and Nutrient Leaching

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 456C-456
Author(s):  
James E. Altland ◽  
Charles H. Gilliam ◽  
James H. Edwards ◽  
Gary J. Keever
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Leaching ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Controlled Release Fertilizers

Selected fertilizer treatments were applied to vinca (Catharanthus roseus `Peppermint Cooler') in the landscape to determine their effect on growth and nutrient leaching. In plots 0.9 m × 2.3 m, inorganic fertilizers were applied as either a single application of 4.9 g N/m2 pre-plant, or a split application with 4.9 g N/m2 applied pre-plant followed by application of 2.45 g N/m2 at 8 and 12 weeks after planting (WAP). Inorganic fertilizers included 15N–0P–12.6K granular fertilizer, Osmocote 14N–6.0P–11.6K, and Osmocote 17N–3.0P–10.1K controlled-release fertilizers. Three different organically based fertilizers were applied pre-plant and were composed of recycled newspaper amended with animal manures (chicken, beef cattle, or dairy) and adjusted with (NH4)2SO4 to achieve C:N ratios of either 20:1 or 30:1. A standard industry treatment of 13N–5.6P–10.9K (4.9 g N/m2) incorporated pre-plant and 17N–3.0P–10.1K (4.9 g N/m2) topdressed post-plant was also included. Leachates, collected with lysimeters, from inorganic fertilizer plots had lower levels of total N (NO3– + NH4+) compared to organically based fertilizer plots through 8 WAP. Of the inorganic fertilizer plots, those receiving 15N–0P–12.6K granular fertilizer had higher total N levels at 1, 2, and 4 WAP than other inorganic fertilizer plots. Total N in leachates declined over the study and by 12 WAP were similar among all treatments. Vinca treated with organically based fertilizers (C:N 20:1) had the highest foliar color ratings through 8 WAP; however, color ratings declined thereafter and by 16 WAP had the lowest ratings. Plants treated with organically based fertilizers had greater shoot dry weights 20 WAP and larger growth indices 8 and 20 WAP.

Twice-split application of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer met the nitrogen demand of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 108163
Author(s):  
Quan Ma ◽  
Mengyao Wang ◽  
Guoli Zheng ◽  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Rongrong Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Nitrogen Demand

Controlled release antibiotics for dry powder lung delivery

2009 ◽  
Vol 00 (00) ◽  
pp. 090805050810080-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handoko Adi ◽  
Paul Michael Young ◽  
Hak-Kim Chan ◽  
Rania Salama ◽  
Daniela Traini
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Lung Delivery
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